More environmentally friendly vehicle washes: Water reclamation

Journal of Cleaner Production

Volumn 37, Issue , 2012, Pages 115-124

  Zaneti, Rafael ^a   Etchepare, Ramiro ^a   Rubio, Jorge ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Car wash; Cleaner production; Column flotation; Flocculation flotation; Risk assessment; Water reclamation

Indexed keywords

CAR WASH; CLEANER PRODUCTION; COLUMN FLOTATION; DOSE-RESPONSE MODELS; ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY VEHICLES; MASS BALANCE; NICHE MARKETS; PAYBACK PERIODS; QUANTITATIVE MICROBIAL RISK ASSESSMENT; RE-CLAIMED WATER; SAND FILTRATION; STATE POLICY; URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER CYCLE; WATER PRICES;

CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FLOCCULATION; FLOTATION; INVESTMENTS; POLLUTION CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TRANSPORTATION; WASTEWATER TREATMENT; WATER MANAGEMENT;

WASTEWATER RECLAMATION;

ESCHERICHIA COLI;

EID: 84865514901     PISSN: 09596526     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.06.017     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. F.A. Abdulla, and A.W. Al-Shareef Roof rainwater harvesting systems for household water supply in Jordan Desalination 243 2009 195 207
2. C.M.V.B. Almeida, D. Borges Jr., S.H. Bonilla, and B.F. Giannetti Identifying improvements in water management of bus-washing stations in Brazil Resources, Conservation and Recycling 54 2010 821 831
3. A. Al-Odwani, M. Ahmed, and S. Bou-hamad Carwash water reclamation in Kuwait Desalination 206 1-3 2007 17 28
4. J. Anderson, A. Adin, J. Crook, C. Davis, R. Hultquist, and C. Jimenez Climbing the ladder: a step by step approach to international guidelines for water recycling Water Science and Technology 43 10 2001 1 8
5. APHA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater twenty first ed. 2005 American Public Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water Environment Federation Washington DC, USA
6. N. Ashbolt, S.R. Petterson, T. Stenstron, C. Schonning, T. Westrell, and J. Ottosson Microbial Risk Assessment (MRA) Tool Report 2005:7 2005 Urban Water Chalmers University of Technology Stockholm, Sweden
7. K. Boussu, K. Kindts, C. Vandecasteele, and B. Van der Bruggen Applicability of nanofiltration in the carwash industry Separation and Purification Technology 54 2007 139 146
8. J. Brasino, and J. Dengler "Practical" Fish Toxicity Test Report first ed. 2007 Environmental Partners Washington
9. C. Brown Water Conservation in the Professional Car Wash Industry 2000 Report for International Car Wash Association, Washington DC, USA.
10. C. Brown Water Use in the Professional Car Wash Industry 2002 Report for International Car Wash Association, Washington DC, USA.
11. CNRH Resoluão N°54, de 28 de novembro de 2005, Estabelece modalidades, diretrizes e critérios gerais para a prática de reúso direto não potável de água, e dá outras providências 2005 Ministério do Meio Ambiente 3 p., em vigor desde 9 de maro de 2006
12. S. Cortez, P. Teixeira, and M. Mota Rotating biological contactors: a review on main factors affecting performance Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology 7 2008 155 172
13. L. Domnech, and D. Saurí A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multifamily buildings of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Spain): social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs Journal of Cleaner Production 19 2011 598 608
14. R. Dunn, and G. Bush Using process integration technology for cleaner production Journal of Cleaner Production 9 2001 1 23
15. Florida Department of Environmental Protection - FDEP Risk Impact Statement 1998 http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/reuse/docs/risreuse.pdf (accessed 13.04.11.)
16. T.J. Foxon, R. Gross, A. Chase, J. Howes, A. Arnall, and D. Andersona UK innovation systems for new and renewable energy technologies: drivers, barriers and systems failures Energy Policy 33 2005 2123 2137
17. E. Friedler, O. Lahav, H. Jizhaki, and T. Lahav Study of urban population attitudes towards various wastewater reuse options: Israel as a case study Journal of Environmental Management 81 2006 360 370
18. E. Ghisi, and S.M. Oliveira Potential for potable water savings combining the use of rainwater and greywater in houses in southern Brazil Building and Environment 42 2007 1731 1742
19. E. Ghisi, D.F. Tavares, and V.L. Rocha Rainwater harvesting in petrol stations in Brasília: potential for potable water savings and investment feasibility analysis Resources, Conservation and Recycling 54 2009 79 85
20. C. Haas Acceptable microbial risk Journal AWWA 88 12 1996 8
21. T. Hamada, and Y. Miyazaki Reuse of carwash water with a cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membrane aided by flocculation and activated carbon treatments Desalination 169 2004 257 267
22. Hydro Hydrokleen Recycles Car Wash Water 2009 Filtrration+Separation, november/december, technology news 11
23. E. Huertas, M. Salgot, J. Hollender, S. Weber, W. Dott, S. Khan, A. Schäffer, R. Messalem, B. Bis, A. Aharoni, and H. Chikurel Key objectives for water reuse concepts Desalination 218 2008 120 131
24. Huang P.C.Y., Wu Y.C., Ou K.C., Bornholm J.K., 1984. Physicochemical treatment of washrack wastewater. Industrial waste conference, 39., est. Lafayette. Proceedings. Ann Arbor Science. p.1-6.
25. P.R. Hunter, P. Payment, N. Ashbolt, and J. Bartram Assessment of risk A. Dufour, M. Snozzi, W. Koster, J. Bartram, E. Ronchi, L. Fewtrell, Assessing Microbial Safety of Drinking Water: ImprovinA approaches anM methods first ed. World Health Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2003 IWA publication Londres, UK 79 109
26. B. Jefferson, A. Palmer, P. Jeffrey, R. Stuetz, and S. Judd Grey water characterisation and its impact on the selection and operation of technologies for urban reuse Water Science and Technology 50 2 2004 157 164
27. C. Jönsson, and A. Jönsson The influence of degreasing agents used at car washes on the performance of ultrafiltration membranes Desalination 100 1995 115 123
28. D.C. Kincaid, K.H. Solomon, and J.C. Oliphant Drop size distributions for irrigation sprinklers American Society of Agricultural Engineers 39 3 1996 839 845
29. Metcalf and Eddy Water Reuse: Issues Technologies, and Applications 2006 (New York, USA)
30. E.B. Morelli Reúso de água na lavagem de veículos. Dissertaão de Mestrado 2005 Escola Politécnica da USP São Paulo, Brazil p. 92
31. Nace The Corrosivity of Recirculation Car Wash Water vol. 3N275 1975 NACE publication 9-10
32. J. Ottoson, and T.A. Stenström Faecal contamination of greywater and associated microbial risks Water Research 37 2003 645 655
33. Ottoson J., 2003. Hygiene Aspects of Greywater and Greywater Reuse. Licentiate Thesis. Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
34. G.M. Panizza, and G. Cerisola Applicability of electrochemical methods to carwash wastewaters for reuse. Part 2: electrocoagulation and anodic oxidation integrated process Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 638 2010 236 240
35. L. Partzsch Smart regulation for water innovation - the case of decentralized rainwater technology Journal of Cleaner Production 17 2009 985 991
36. N. Páxeus Vehicles washing as a source of organic pollutants in municipal wastewater Water Science and Technology 33 6 1996 1 8
37. QWC - Queensland Water Commission Standard Vehicle Washing: Fixed Commercial Premises 2008 (Report Vehicle Washing - Part II, Water Efficiency Guidelines, Queensland, Australia)
38. S. Regli, J.B. Rose, C.N. Haas, and C.P. Gerba Modeling the risk from Giardia and viruses in drinking-water Journal of the American Water Works Association 83 11 1991 76 84
39. J. Rubio, E. Carissimi, and J.J. Rosa Flotation in water and wastewater treatment and reuse: recent trends in Brazil International Journal of Environment and Pollution 30 2 2007 193 207
40. J. Rubio, and R.N. Zaneti Treatment of washrack wastewater with water recycling by advanced flocculation-column flotation Desalination 8 2009 146 153
41. J. Rubio, M.L. Souza, and R.W. Smith Overview of flotation as a wastewater treatment technique Minerals Engineering 15 3 2002 139 155
42. U.S. EPA Guidelines for Water Reuse, EPA-625/R-04-108 2004 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for International Development Washington, DC
43. E.L. Villarreal, and A. Dixon Analysis of a rainwater collection system for domestic water supply in Ringdansen, Norrkoping, Sweden Building and Environment 40 2005 1174 1184
44. G.P. Winward, L.M. Avery, T. Stephenson, and B. Jefferson Chlorine disinfection of grey water for reuse: effect of organics and particles Water Research 42 2008 483 491
45. R. Zaneti, R. Etchepare, and J. Rubio Car wash wastewater reclamation: full-scale application and upcoming features Resources, Conservation and Recycling 55 2011 953 959
46. Zaneti R., Etchepare R., Rubio J., 2011b. Car wash wastewater treatment and water reuse: A case study. 8th IWA International Conference on Water Reclamation and Reuse, Barcelona, August, Spain, CD-ROM, 1-8.
47. K.A. Zotter "End-of-pipe" versus "process-integrated" water conservation solutions. A comparison of planning, implementation and operating phases Journal of Cleaner Production 12 2004 685 695