The future of community-centred health services in Australia: 'When too many beds are not enough'

Australian Health Review

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 239-243

  Rosen, Alan ^a,b,c   Gurr, Roger ^d,e   Fanning, Paul ^f   Owen, Alan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG   (Australia)

^b Department of Population Health   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d BLACKTOWN HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN SYDNEY   (Australia)

^f UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Australia; beds; community health; community mental health; community sites; emergency departments; future; hospital sites.

Indexed keywords

AUSTRALIA; COMMUNITY CARE; ECONOMICS; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; LEGAL ASPECT; MANAGEMENT; POLITICS; REVIEW; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

AUSTRALIA; COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES; ECONOMICS; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FINANCIAL SUPPORT; POLICY MAKING; POLITICS;

EID: 84865485281     PISSN: 01565788     EISSN: 14498944     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/AHv36n3_RE     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Fine M. When too many beds are not enough: the nursing homes paradox New Doctor 1984; 27: 25-8.
2. Rittel H, Webber M. Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences 1973; 4: 155-169. doi:10.1007/BF01405730
3. Leutz W. Five laws for integrating medical and social services: lessons from the United States and the United Kingdom. MilbankQ 1999; 77(1): 77-110. doi:10.1111/1468-0009.00125
4. Leutz W. Reflections on Integrating Medical and Social Care: Five Laws Revisited. Journal of Integrated Care 2005; 13(5): 3-12. doi:10.1108/ 14769018200500034
5. Eagar K, Pirkis J, Owen A, Burgess P, Posner N, Perkins D. Lessons from the National Mental Health Integration Program. Aust Health Rev 2005; 28(2): 189-200.
6. Cunningham P. The future of community-centred health services in Australia-an alternative view Aust Health Rev 2012; 36: 121-4. doi:10.1071/AH11013
7. Rosen A, Gurr R, Fanning P. The future of community-centred health services in Australia: lessons from the mental health sector. Aust Health Rev 2010; 34: 106-15. doi:10.1071/AH09741
8. Owen A, Thompson C, Samsa P, Grootemaat P, Fildes D, Eager K. Community health: the evidence base.Areport for theNSWCommunity Health Review. Wollongong: University of Wollongong. 2008. Available from http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ pubs/2008/chr-evidence.html
9. Muir K, Powell A, Patulny RV, Flaxman S, McDermott SC, Gendera S, et al. Independent evaluation of headspace. Sydney: Social Policy Research Centre, University of NSW. 2009.
10. Rosen A. Integration is as essential as balance: invited leading commentary on Thornicroft, G. and Tansella, M., Balancing Community-based and Hospital-based Mental Health Care World Psychiatry 2002; 1(2): 91-3.
11. Johnson S, Gilburt H, Lloyd-Evans B, Osborn DPJ, Boardman J, Reese M, et al. In-patient and residential alternatives to standard acute psychiatric wards in England. Br J Psychiatry 2009; 194: 456-63. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051698
12. McGorry PD, Jackson HJ, eds. The recognition and management of early intervention: A preventive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1999.
13. Mihalopoulos C, Harris M, Henry L, Harrigan S, McGorry P. Is early intervention for psychosis cost-effective over the long term? Schizophr Bull 2009; 909-918. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp054
14. Hoult J, Rosen A, Reynolds I.Community orientated treatment compared to psychiatric hospital orientated treatment. Soc Sci Med 1984; 18: 1005-10. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(84)90272-7
15. Stein LI, Test MA. Alternatives to mental hospital treatment. New York: Plenum Press. 1978.
16. Harvey C, Killaspy H, Martino S, White S, Priebe S, Wright C, Johnson S. Acomparison of the implementation of assertive community treatment in Melbourne, Australia and London, England. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 2011; 20(2): 151-61. doi:10.1017/S2045796011000230
17. Killaspy H, Rosen A. Case management and assertive community treatment. In Thorniocroft G, et al. (editors). Textbook of Community Psychiatry. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2011.
18. Housing & Accommodation Support Initiative (HASI). HASI Report 1: Summary, Social Policy Research Centre 2005.
19. Housing & Accommodation Support Initiative (HASI). Section 9, HASI monitoring and evaluation. Sydney: NSW Health and NSW Department of Housing. 2006.
20. Thornicroft G, Tansella M. Balancing Community-based and Hospitalbased Mental Health Care World Psychiatry 2002; 1(2): 84-90.
21. Thornicroft G, Alem A, Antunes R, Dos Santos AR, Barley E, Drake RE, et al. WPA guidance on steps, obstacles and mistakes to avoid in the implementation of community mental health care. World Psychiatry 2010; 9: 67-77.
22. Gurr R. Drugs and Australasian Government policies have created a crisis in public mental health services. Canberra: Senate Select Committee on Mental Health, Proceedings, 2005. http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary-Business/ Committees/Senate-Committees?url=mentalhealth-ctte/index.htm
23. Kalucy R, Thomas L, King D. Changing demand for mental health services in the emergency department of a public hospital Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2005; 39: 74-80. doi:10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01512.x (Pubitemid 40277437)
24. Shepperd S, Doll H, Angus RM, Clarke MJ, Iliffe S, Kalra L, et al. Admission avoidance hospital at home. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; (Issue 4): CD007491.
25. Shepperd S, Doll H, Broad J, Gladman J, Iliffe S, Langhorne P, et al. Early discharge hospital at home. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; (Issue 1): CD000356.
26. Shepperd S, Doll H, Angus R, Clarke MJ, Illiffe S, Kaira L, et al. Hospital at home admission avoidance, Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group. The Cochrane Library. 2010 http://www. thecochranelibrary.com/view/0/index/html
27. Baum F. The New Public Health 3rd edition. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. 2008.
28. Masso M, Bezzina AJ, Siminiki P, Middleton R, Eagar K. Why patients attend emergency departments for conditions potentially appropriate for primary care-Reasons given by patients and clinicians differ. Emerg Med Australas 2007; 19(4): 333-40. doi:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2007. 00968.x (Pubitemid 47101532)
29. Thompson C, Masso M, Westera A, Morris D, Eagar K. Ambulance Service of NSW: review of the capacity of the paramedic to identify the low risk patient. Final report. Wollongong: University of Wollongong. 2011
30. Westera A, Stevermuer T, Samsa P, Quinsey K, Owen A, Marosszeky N. et al. The NSW SAFTE Care Program-evaluation of a pilot program to prevent unnecessary hospital attendances by older people. Wollongong: University of Wollongong. 2007. http://ahsripub.uow.edu.au/publication/2007-pubs/safte-final-report- %20apr07.pdf
31. Shepperd S, Harwood D, Jenkinson C, Gray A, Vessey M, Morgan P. Randomised controlled trial comparing hospital at home care with inpatient hospital care I: Three month follow up of health outcomes. BMJ 1998; 316: 1786-1791. doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7147.1786 (Pubitemid 28269154)
32. Rosen A, McGorry P, Hill H, Rosenberg S. The independent hospital pricing authority and mental health services: it is not a case of one size fits all Med J Aust 2012; 196(11): 675-7. doi:10.5694/mja12.10564
33. Eagar K, Burgess P, Whiteford H. ABF Information Series No. 8 Mental Health. Wollongong: University of Wollongong. 2011. http://ahsri.uow. edu.au/content/groups/public/@web/@chsd/documents/doc/uow097565.pdf
34. Knapp M, McDaid D, Parsonage M (editors). Mental health promotion and mental illness prevention: The economic case. London: London School of Economics and Department of Health. 2011.
35. Economics Australia. The economic impact of youth mental illness and the cost effectiveness of early intervention. Melbourne: Headspace Centre of Excellence Orygen Youth Health Research Centre. 2009.
36. Maj M. Mistakes to avoid in the implementation of community mental health care World Psychiatry 2010; 9(2): 65-6.
37. Mahler H. Address to the 61st World Health Assembl. 20 May 2008, Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/events/2008/wha61/hafdan-mahler- speech/en/index.html
38. Rosen A, O'Halloran P, Mezzina R. International trends in community mental health services in Handbook of Community Psychiatry (McQuiston H, Feldman J, Sowers W, editors). New York: Springer; 2012.
39. Rosen A, Goldbloom D, McGeorge P. Mental health commissions: making the critical difference to the development and reform of mental health services, clinical therapeutics. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2010; 23: 593-603. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e32833f2f3e
40. Rosenberg S, Rosen A. It's raining mental health commissions-prospects and pitfalls in driving mental health reform. Australasian Psychiatry 2012; 20: 85-90. doi:10.1177/1039856212436435