Diagnostic utility and factor structure of the PTSD Checklist in older adults

International Psychogeriatrics

Volumn 24, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1684-1696

  Pietrzak, Robert H ^a,b   Van Ness, Peter H ^a   Fried, Terri R ^a   Galea, Sandro ^b,c   Norris, Fran ^b,d,e  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b National Center for Disaster Mental Health Research   (United States)

^c Columbia University School of Public Health ^*  (United States)

^d VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e DARTMOUTH MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

depression; disaster; older adults; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychometrics

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALGORITHM; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; CHECKLIST; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; CONSTRUCT VALIDITY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DSM-IV; DYSPHORIA; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; HUMAN; LIFE EVENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER CHECKLIST; PREVALENCE; SCORING SYSTEM; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SYMPTOM; TELECONSULTATION;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CHECKLIST; CYCLONIC STORMS; DISASTERS; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; ROC CURVE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TEXAS;

EID: 84865456076     PISSN: 10416102     EISSN: 1741203X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610212000853     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
2. Armour, C., Elhai, J. D., Richardson, D., Ractliffe, K., Wang, L. and Elklit, A. (2012). Assessing a five factor model of PTSD: is dysphoric arousal a unique PTSD construct showing differential relationships with anxiety and depression? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 368-376.
3. Asmundson, G. J., Stapleton, J. A. and Taylor, S. (2004). Are avoidance and numbing distinct PTSD symptom clusters? Journal of Traumatic Stress, 17, 467-475.
4. Averill, P.M. and Beck, J. G. (2000). Posttraumatic stress disorder in older adults: a conceptual review. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 14, 133-156. (Pubitemid 30227570)
5. Blanchard, E. B., Hickling, E. J., Taylor, A. E., Forneris, C. A., Loos, W. R. and Jaccard, J. (1995). Effects of varying scoring rules of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) for the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder in motor vehicle accident victims. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 471-475.
6. Breslau, N., Kessler, R., Chilcoat, H., Schultz, L., Davis, G. and Andreski, P. (1998). Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: the 1996 Detroit area survey of trauma. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 626-632. (Pubitemid 28340351)
7. Cook, J. M. and O'Donnell, C. (2005). Assessment and psychological treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in older adults. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 18, 61-71. (Pubitemid 40799714)
8. Cook, J. M., Elhai, J. D. and Arean, P. A. (2005). Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist with older primary care patients. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 371-376. (Pubitemid 46421985)
9. Elhai, J. D. and Palmieri, P. A. (2011). The factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder: a literature update, critique of methodology, and agenda for future research. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 849-854.
10. Elhai, J. D., Biehn, T. L., Armour, C., Klopper, J. J., Frueh, B. C. and Palmieri, P. A. (2011). Evidence for a unique PTSD construct represented by PTSD's D1-D3 symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 340-345.
11. Falk, B., Hersen, M. and Van Hasselt, V. (1994). Assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder in older adults: a critical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 14, 383-415. (Pubitemid 24288528)
12. Fan, X. and Sivo, S. A. (2009). Using goodness-of-fit indexes in assessing mean structure invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 16, 54-67.
13. Galea, S., Nandi, A. and Vlahov, D. (2005). The epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorder after disasters. Epidemiologic Reviews, 27, 78-91. (Pubitemid 40885068)
14. Goenjian, A. K. et al. (1994). Posttraumatic stress disorder in elderly and younger adults after the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 895-901.
15. Guggenmoos-Holzmann, I. (1993). How reliable are chance-corrected measures of agreement? Statistics in Medicine, 12, 2191-2205. (Pubitemid 23345006)
16. Hu, L. and Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
17. Hudson, S. A., Beckford, L. A., Jackson, S. D. and Philpot, M. P. (2008). Validation of a screening instrument for post-traumatic stress disorder in a clinical sample of older adults. Aging and Mental Health, 12, 670-673.
18. Kraemer, H. C. (1992). Evaluating Medical Tests. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
19. Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L. and Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16, 606-613. (Pubitemid 32823891)
20. MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W. and Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1, 130-149. (Pubitemid 126672841)
21. McDonald, S. D. and Calhoun, P. S. (2010). The diagnostic accuracy of the PTSD checklist: a critical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 976-987.
22. Norris, F. H., Friedman, M. J., Watson, P. J., Byrne, C. M., Diaz, E. and Kaniasty, K. (2002). 60,000 disaster victims speak - Part I: an empirical review of the empirical literature, 1981-2001. Psychiatry, 65, 207-239. (Pubitemid 35191281)
23. Norris, F. H., Sherrieb, K. and Galea, S. (2010). Prevalence and consequences of disaster-related illness and injury from Hurricane Ike. Rehabilitation Psychology, 55, 221-230.
24. Pietrzak, R. H., Tsai, J., Harpaz-Rotem, I., Whealin, J. M. and Southwick, S. M. (2012). Support for a novel 5-factor model of posttraumatic stress symptoms in three independent samples of veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars: a confirmatory factor analytic study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 46, 317-322.
25. Raftery, A. E. (1995). Bayesian model selection in social research. Sociological Methodology, 25, 111-163.
26. Raghunathan, T. E., Lepkowski, J. M., Van Hoewyk, J. and Solenberger, P. (2001). A multivariate technique for multiply imputing missing values using a sequence of regression models. Survey Methodology, 27, 85-95.
27. Raghunathan, T. E., Solenberger, P. W. and Van Hoewyk, J. (2002). IVEware: Imputation and Variance Estimation Software - User Guide. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.
28. Satorra, A. and Bentler, P. M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507-514. (Pubitemid 33570084)
29. Schinka, J. A., Brown, L. M., Borenstein, A. R. and Mortimer, J. A. (2007). Confirmatory factor analysis of the PTSD checklist in the elderly. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 281-289. (Pubitemid 47075441)
30. Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. and Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1092-1097. (Pubitemid 43765180)
31. Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 245-251.
32. Tracy, M., Norris, F. H. and Galea, S. (2011). Differences in the determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression after a mass traumatic event. Depression and Anxiety, 28, 666-675.
33. Uddin, M. et al. (2010). Epigenetic and immune function profiles associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 9470-9475.
34. Uebersax, J. S. (1987). Diversity of decision-making models and the measurement of interrater agreement. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 140-146.
35. U.S. Census Bureau (2008). American Community Survey: 2005-2007 Estimates. Available at: http://www.census.gov/acs/www/data-documentation/data- main/
36. Wang, L. et al. (2011). Comparing alternative factor models of PTSD symptoms across earthquake victims and violent riot witnesses in China: evidence for a five-factor model proposed by Elhai et al. (2011). Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 771-776.
37. Watson, D. (2005). Rethinking the mood and anxiety disorders: a quantitative hierarchical model for DSM-V. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 522-536. (Pubitemid 41746989)
38. Weathers, F., Litz, B., Herman,D., Huska, J. and Keane, T. (1993). The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, Validity, and Diagnostic Utility. San Antonio, TX: Meeting of the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies.
39. Youden, W. J. (1950). Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer, 3, 32-35.
40. Yufik, T. and Simms, L. J. (2010). A meta-analytic investigation of the structure of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 764-776.