A molecular survey of S. mutans and P. gingivalis oral microbial burden in human saliva using Relative Endpoint Polymerase Chain Reaction (RE-PCR) within the population of a Nevada dental school revealed disparities among minorities

BMC Oral Health

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

  Davis, Jay E ^a   Freel, Nicholas ^a   Findley, Allison ^a   Tomlin, Keaton ^a   Howard, Katherine M ^a   Seran, Clifford C ^a   Cruz, Patricia ^a   Kingsley, Karl ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

Author keywords

Bacteria; Orthodontics; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Streptococcus mutans

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL LOAD; BIOASSAY; CAUCASIAN; CELL COUNT; CYTOLOGY; FEMALE; FIBROBLAST; GINGIVA; HISPANIC; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; MINORITY GROUP; MOUTH; PILOT STUDY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS; POVERTY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SALIVA; STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BACTERIAL LOAD; BACTERIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; CELL COUNT; ENDPOINT DETERMINATION; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; FIBROBLASTS; GINGIVA; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MINORITY GROUPS; MOUTH; NEVADA; PILOT PROJECTS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS; POVERTY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SALIVA; STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84865328591     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14726831     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-12-34     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Smiech-Slomkowska G, Jablonska-Zrobek J. The effect of oral health education on dental plaque development and the level of caries-related Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. Eur J Orthod. 2007, 29(2):157-60. 10.1093/ejo/cjm001, 17488998.
2. Pan YC, Zhang D, Fu MK. Changes of Streptococcus mutans concentration of plaque during fixed appliance treatment. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2007, 42(1):41-2.
3. Kitada K, de Toledo A, Oho T. Increase in detectable opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity of orthodontic patients. Int J Dent Hyg. 2009, 7(2):121-5. 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00333.x, 19416094.
4. Türkkahraman H, Sayin MO, Bozkurt FY, Yetkin Z, Kaya S, Onal S. Archwire ligation techniques, microbial colonization, and periodontal status in orthodontically treated patients. Angle Orthod. 2005, 75(2):231-6.
5. Kim SH, Choi DS, Jang I, Cha BK, Jost-Brinkmann PG. Song JS 2011, Microbiologic changes in subgingival plaque before and during the early period of orthodontic treatment, Angle Orthod, [Epub ahead of print].
6. Scheie AA, Arneberg P, Krogstad O. Effect of orthodontic treatment on prevalence of Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva. Scand J Dent Res. 1984, 92(3):211-217.
7. Rosenbloom RG, Tinanoff N. Salivary Streptococcus mutans levels in patients before, during, and after orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991, 100(1):35-7. 10.1016/0889-5406(91)70046-Y, 2069145.
8. Kupietzky A, Majumdar AK, Shey Z, Binder R, Matheson PB. Colony forming unit levels of salivary Lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans in orthodontic patients. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2005, 30(1):51-3.
9. Sanpei S, Endo T, Shimooka S. Caries risk factors in children under treatment with sectional brackets. Angle Orthod. 2010, 80(3):509-14. 10.2319/072909-431.1, 20050745.
10. Paolantonio M, Pedrazzoli V, di Murro C, di Placido G, Picciani C, Catamo G, De Luca M, Piaccolomini R. Clinical significance of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in young individuals during orthodontic treatment. A 3-year longitudinal study. J Clin Periodontol 1997, 24(9 Pt 1):610-7.
11. Ristic M, Vlahovic Svabic M, Sasic M, Zelic O. Effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on subgingival microflora. Int J Dent Hyg. 2008, 6(2):129-36. 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00283.x, 18412726.
12. Okunseri C, Pajewski NM, McGinley EL, Hoffmann RG. Racial/ethnic disparities in self-reported pediatric orthodontic visits in the United States. J Public Health Dent. 2007, 67(4):217-23. 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00032.x, 18087992.
13. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Moray LJ. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998, 13(2):97-106.
14. Waldman HB. Who uses and who provides orthodontic services?. N Y State Dent J. 2007, 73(1):61-2.
15. Nelson S, Armogan V, Abel Y, Broadbent BH, Hans M. Disparity in orthodontic utilization and treatment need among high school students. J Public Health Dent. 2004, 64(1):26-30. 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2004.tb02722.x, 15078058.
16. Lewis CW, Ose M, Aspinall C, Omnell ML. Community orthodontists and craniofacial care: results of a Washington state survey. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2005, 42(5):521-5. 10.1597/04-100R.1, 16149834.
17. Motisuki C, Lima LM, Spolidorio DM, Santos-Pinto L. Influence of sample type and collection method on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. counts in the oral cavity. Arch Oral Biol. 2005, 50(3):341-5. 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.08.007, 15740713.
18. Naranjo AA, Triviño ML, Jaramillo A, Betancourth M, Botero JE. Changes in the subgingival microbiota and periodontal parameters before and 3 months after bracket placement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006, 130(3):e17-22. 275.
19. Lara-Carrillo E, Montiel-Bastida NM, Sánchez-Pérez L, Alanís-Tavira J. Effect of orthodontic treatment on saliva, plaque and the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010, 15(6):e924-9.
20. University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Dental Medicine Fact Sheet 2011, http://dentalschool.unlv.edu/pdf/2011MarchFactSheet.pdf] accessed August 16, 2011.
21. McOrist AL, Jackson M, Bird AR. A comparison of five methods for extraction of bacterial DNA from human faecal samples. J Microbiol Methods. 2002, 50(2):131-9. 10.1016/S0167-7012(02)00018-0, 11997164.
22. Hays WL. Inferences about population means. Statistics 1994, 311-42. International Thomson Publishing, , 5.
23. Forsberg CM, Barrstrom V, Malmberg E, Nord CE. Ligature wires and elastomeric rings: two methods of ligation, and their association with microbial colonization of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli. Eur J Orthod. 1991, 13(5):416-20.
24. Attin R, Thon C, Schlagenhauf U, Werner C, Wiegand A, Hannig C, Attin T. Recolonization of mutans steptococci on teeth with orthodontic appliances after antimicrobial therapy. Eur J Orthod. 2005, 27(5):489-93. 10.1093/ejo/cji018, 15961573.
25. Pandis N, Papaioannou W, Kontou E, Nakou M, Makou M, Eliades T. Salivary Streptococcus mutans levels in patients with conventional and self-ligating brackets. Eur J Orthod. 2010, 32(1):94-9. 10.1093/ejo/cjp033, 19474229.
26. Kingsley K, Johnson D, O'Malley S. Transfection of oral squamous cell carcinoma with human papillomavirus-16 induces proliferative and morphological changes independent of cellular adhesion in vitro. Cancer Cell International 2006, 6:14. 10.1186/1475-2867-6-14, 1550262, 16716227.
27. Reddout N, Christensen T, Bunnell A, Jensen D, Johnson D, O'Malley S, Kingsley K. High risk HPV types 18 and 16 are potent modulators of oral squamous cell carcinoma phenotypes in vitro. Infectious Agents and Cancer 2007, 2(1):21. 10.1186/1750-9378-2-21, 2206007, 18001474.
28. Kingsley K, Zuckerman J, Davis M, Matteucci M, Knavel A, Rinehart J, Tran V, Woyciehowsky D, Jenkins P, Yu R, Nguyen DH, O'Malley S. Induction of Differential Growth in vitro by High-risk Human Papillomavirus in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines is Associated with Caspase Dysregulation. Journal of Cancer Science and Therapy 2009, 1(2):62-71.
29. Ehli EA, Lengyel-Nelson T, Hudziak JJ, Davies GE. Using a commercially available DNA extraction kit to obtain high quality human genomic DNA suitable for PCR and genotyping from 11-year-old saliva saturated cotton spit wads. BMC Res Notes. 2008, 1:133. 10.1186/1756-0500-1-133, 2628920, 19102763.
30. Kishi M, Abe A, Kishi K, Ohara-Nemoto Y, Kimura S, Yonemitsu M. Relationship of quantitative salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus in mothers to caries status and colonization of mutans streptococci in laque in their 2.5-year-old children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2009, 37(3):241-9. 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00472.x, 19508271.
31. Gao XL, Seneviratne CJ, Lo EC, Chu CH, Samaranayake LP. Novel and conventional assays in determining abundance of Streptococcus mutans in saliva. Int J Peadiatr Dent 2011, [Epub ahead of print].
32. Wolter F, Turchanowa L, Stein J. Resveratrol-induced modification of polyamine metabolism is accompanied by induction of c-Fos. Carcinogenesis. 2003, 24(3):469-74. 10.1093/carcin/24.3.469, 12663506.
33. Yoshida A, Suzuki N, Nakano Y, Kawada M, Oho T, Koga T. Development of a 5' nuclease-based real-time PCR assay for quantitative detection of cariogenic dental pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41(9):4438-41. 10.1128/JCM.41.9.4438-4441.2003, 193796, 12958287.
34. Yoshida A, Suzuki N, Nakano Y, Oho T, Kawada M, Koga T. Development of a 5' fluorogenic nuclease-based real-time PCR assay for quantitative detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41(2):863-6. 10.1128/JCM.41.2.863-866.2003, 149717, 12574302.
35. Suzuki N, Yoshida A, Nakano Y. Quantitative analysis of multi-species oral biofilms by TaqMan Real-Time PCR. Clin Med Res. 2005, 3(3):176-85. 10.3121/cmr.3.3.176, 1237159, 16160072.
36. Nyvad B, Kilian M. Comparison of the initial streptococcal microflora on dental enamel in caries-active and in caries-inactive individuals. Caries Res. 1990, 24(4):267-72. 10.1159/000261281, 2276164.
37. Fischer CC, Persson RE, Persson GR. Influence of the menstrual cycle on the oral microbial flora in women: a case-control study including men as control subjects. J Periodontol. 2008, 79(10):1966-73. 10.1902/jop.2008.080057, 18834253.
38. Demling A, Demling C, Schwestka-Polly R, Stiesch M, Heuer W. Short-term influence of lingual orthodontic therapy on microbial parameters and periodontal status A preliminary study. Angle Orthod. 2010, 80(3):480-4. 10.2319/061109-330.1, 20050740.
39. Macek MD, Manski MC, Schneiderman MT, Meakin SJ, Haynes D, Wells W, Bauer-Leffler S, Cotten PA, Parker RM. Knowledge of oral health issues among low-income Baltimore adults: a pilot study. J Dent Hyg. 2011, 85(1):49-56. Epub 2011 Jan 1.
40. U.S. Census Bureau 2012, State and County QuickFacts, Clark County, Nevada, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/32000.html (2012). Retrieved June 4, 2012, from www.census.gov.