Sport as mirror on modernity

Journal of Social Philosophy

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 90-98

  De Wachter, Frans ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

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[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865203595     PISSN: 00472786     EISSN: 14679833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/0047-2786.00081     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. P. Parlebas, "Jeu sportif, rêve et fantaisie", Esprit 43(1975), 784-803.
2. J. Huizinga, Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture (New York: Harper and Row, 1970), p. 29.
3. This idea, introduced by Huizinga in 1938, has become very popular in modern philosophy of play. It plays a fundamental role in the two most influential European books on the problem, by German phenomenologist Eugen Fink (Oase des Glücks: Gedanken zu einer Ontologie des Spiels, Freiburg: Alber Verlag, 1960)
4. and French sociologist Roger Caillois (Les jeux et les hommes, Paris: Gallimard, 1958).
5. I have elaborated the difference between moral rules and rules of the game in F. De Wachter, "Spielregeln und ethische Problematik", in H. Lenk (ed.), Aktuelle Probleme der Sportphilosophie (Schorndorf, Germany: Hofmann, 1983), pp. 278-294.
6. My text was used by Karl-Otto Apel to articulate his ethical system of transcendental pragmatism in Diskurs und Verantwortung. Das Problem des Ubergangs zur postkonventionellen Moral (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1988), p. 234.
7. M. Nussbaum, The Fragility of Goodness (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), pp. 1-22.
8. A. Brundage, Speech by the President of the International Olympic Committee, in Bulletin du comité international Olympique (1964), 63-65.
9. P. De Coubertin, L'idée Olympique: Discours et essais (Schorndorf, Germany: Hofmann, 1967), p. 38.
10. C. Lévi-Strauss, The Savage Mind (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1974), pp. 30-33.
11. Caillois, Les jeux et les hommes, pp. 193-249;
12. P. Weiss, Sport: A Philosophic Inquiry (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1969), pp. 186-191.
13. For a more systematic classification of the elements of chance I refer the reader to A. J. Ayer, "Chance", in J. Dowie and P. Lefrère (eds.), Risk and Chance (Milton Keynes, England: Open University Press, 1980), pp. 33-51.
14. For a classification of all the different elements of chance in sports, see F. De Wachter, "In Praise of Chance: A Philosophical Analysis of the Element of Chance in Sports", Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 12(1985), 52-61.
15. Cf. C. I. Bailey, "Sport and the Element of Chance", Journal of Sport Behaviour 3(1980), 69-75.
16. P. Weiss, Sport, p. 191.
17. For an overview see E. Langer, "The Psychology of Chance", in Dowie and Lefrère, Risk and Chance, pp. 87-120.
18. This issue is discussed in detail in a classic text of B. Williams in Moral Luck (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981), pp. 20-39.