메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 257-277

Fuel quality issues with biogas energy - An economic analysis for a stationary fuel cell system

Author keywords

Anaerobic digester gas; Cost analysis; Fuel cell system; Impurities; Impurity removal; Landfill gas

Indexed keywords

BIOGAS; COST ACCOUNTING; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; FUEL SYSTEMS; IMPURITIES; MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS (MCFC);

EID: 84864361795     PISSN: 03605442     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.031     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (135)

References (111)
  • 2
    • 84855227749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facts and Figures. [accessed 15.05.12]
    • Municipal solid waste in the United States 2009, Facts and Figures. p. 1-189. [accessed 15.05.12]. http://www.epa.gov/osw.
    • (2009) Municipal solid waste in the United States , pp. 1-189
  • 5
    • 66149173389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalytically upgraded landfill gas as a cost-effective alternative for fuel cells
    • Urban W., Lohmann H., Gomez J.I.S. Catalytically upgraded landfill gas as a cost-effective alternative for fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 2009, 193(1):359-366.
    • (2009) Journal of Power Sources , vol.193 , Issue.1 , pp. 359-366
    • Urban, W.1    Lohmann, H.2    Gomez, J.I.S.3
  • 6
    • 85018005605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA-Landfill methane outreach program. [accessed 15.05.12].
    • EPA-Landfill methane outreach program. [accessed 15.05.12]. http://www.epa.gov/lmop.
  • 10
    • 84864375329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report prepared by: Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG) and Energy and Environmental Analysis, for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Combined Heat and Power Partnership, [accessed 15.05.12]
    • Opportunities for and benefits of combined heat and power at wastewater treatment facilities 2011, Report prepared by: Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG) and Energy and Environmental Analysis, for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Combined Heat and Power Partnership, p. 48. [accessed 15.05.12]. http://www.epa.gov/chp/publications.
    • (2011) Opportunities for and benefits of combined heat and power at wastewater treatment facilities , pp. 48
  • 11
    • 81855164293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Report prepared by BASE Energy, Inc., San Francisco, CA, p. 43, [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Pacific Gas and Electric Company Energy baseline study for municipal wastewater treatment plants 2006, Report prepared by BASE Energy, Inc., San Francisco, CA, p. 43, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.pge.com.
    • (2006) Energy baseline study for municipal wastewater treatment plants
  • 12
    • 0030194841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel cell technology: status and future prospects
    • Appleby A.J. Fuel cell technology: status and future prospects. Energy 1996, 21(7-8):521-653.
    • (1996) Energy , vol.21 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 521-653
    • Appleby, A.J.1
  • 13
    • 0030966017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace organic compounds in landfill gas at seven UK waste disposal sites
    • Allen M.R., Braithwaite A., Hills C.C. Trace organic compounds in landfill gas at seven UK waste disposal sites. Environmental Science & Technology 1997, 31(4):1054-1061.
    • (1997) Environmental Science & Technology , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 1054-1061
    • Allen, M.R.1    Braithwaite, A.2    Hills, C.C.3
  • 16
    • 84864363833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Argonne National Laboratory, Excel files available for download at:, [accessed 15.05.12]
    • Papadias D.D., Ahmed S. Database of trace contaminants in LFG and ADG 2012, Argonne National Laboratory, Excel files available for download at:, [accessed 15.05.12]. http://www.cse.anl.gov/FCs_on_biogas.
    • (2012) Database of trace contaminants in LFG and ADG
    • Papadias, D.D.1    Ahmed, S.2
  • 18
    • 66149192114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogas purification from anaerobic digestion in a wastewater treatment plant for biofuel production
    • Osorio F., Torres J.C. Biogas purification from anaerobic digestion in a wastewater treatment plant for biofuel production. Renewable Energy 2009, 34(10):2164-2171.
    • (2009) Renewable Energy , vol.34 , Issue.10 , pp. 2164-2171
    • Osorio, F.1    Torres, J.C.2
  • 19
    • 84864344736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biocycle - renewable energy from organics recycling. In: 9th annual conference on renewable energy from organics recycling. Minneapolis, MN
    • Peplin B, Walker G. Biocycle - renewable energy from organics recycling. In: 9th annual conference on renewable energy from organics recycling. Minneapolis, MN; 2009.
    • (2009)
    • Peplin, B.1    Walker, G.2
  • 22
    • 44649186797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siloxanes in biogases from landfills and wastewater digesters
    • McBean E.A. Siloxanes in biogases from landfills and wastewater digesters. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2008, 35(4):431-436.
    • (2008) Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 431-436
    • McBean, E.A.1
  • 23
  • 25
    • 34247160816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace compounds of biogas from different biogas production plants
    • Rasi S., Veijanen A., Rintala J. Trace compounds of biogas from different biogas production plants. Energy 2007, 32(8):1375-1380.
    • (2007) Energy , vol.32 , Issue.8 , pp. 1375-1380
    • Rasi, S.1    Veijanen, A.2    Rintala, J.3
  • 27
    • 14944339951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia, [accessed 15.05.12]
    • Fuel cell handbook 2004, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, West Virginia, [accessed 15.05.12]. http://www.netl.doe.gov, 7th ed.
    • (2004) Fuel cell handbook
  • 33
    • 1242333054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desiduri. State of the air about the effects of impurities on MCFCs and pointing out of additional research for alternative fuel utilization. In: Proceedings of 1st international conference of fuel cell science, engineering and technology, April 21-23, 2003, Rochester NY
    • Desiduri. State of the air about the effects of impurities on MCFCs and pointing out of additional research for alternative fuel utilization. In: Proceedings of 1st international conference of fuel cell science, engineering and technology, April 21-23, 2003, Rochester NY; 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 35
    • 38149128396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Present status and future prospects of biogas powered fuel cell power units
    • Kubota K., Kuroda K., Akiyama K. Present status and future prospects of biogas powered fuel cell power units. Fuji Electric Review 1996, 49:68-72.
    • (1996) Fuji Electric Review , vol.49 , pp. 68-72
    • Kubota, K.1    Kuroda, K.2    Akiyama, K.3
  • 36
    • 84864335718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International status of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) technology
    • Rome: Italian National Agency for New Technologies
    • Moreno A., McPhail S., Bove R. International status of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) technology. Energy and the Environment 2008, 39. Rome: Italian National Agency for New Technologies.
    • (2008) Energy and the Environment , pp. 39
    • Moreno, A.1    McPhail, S.2    Bove, R.3
  • 37
    • 0033871382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test results for fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas
    • Spiegel R.J., Preston J.L. Test results for fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas. Journal of Power Sources 2000, 86(1-2):283-288.
    • (2000) Journal of Power Sources , vol.86 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 283-288
    • Spiegel, R.J.1    Preston, J.L.2
  • 39
    • 84856171789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Staffell I. Performance review of phosphoric acid fuel cells 2007, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, p. 9, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://works.bepress.com/iain_staffell/2/.
    • (2007) Performance review of phosphoric acid fuel cells , pp. 9
    • Staffell, I.1
  • 40
    • 33744528771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process analysis of a molten carbonate fuel cell power plant fed with a biomass syngas
    • Tomasi C., Baratieri M., Bosio B., Arato E., Baggio P. Process analysis of a molten carbonate fuel cell power plant fed with a biomass syngas. Journal of Power Sources 2006, 157(2):765-774.
    • (2006) Journal of Power Sources , vol.157 , Issue.2 , pp. 765-774
    • Tomasi, C.1    Baratieri, M.2    Bosio, B.3    Arato, E.4    Baggio, P.5
  • 42
    • 84864368228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • King County, Final Report Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks - Wastewater Treatment Division, Seattle, WA, [accessed 30.06.12]
    • King County King county fuel cell demonstration project 2009, Final Report Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks - Wastewater Treatment Division, Seattle, WA, p. 433, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/wastewater/ResourceRecovery/Energy/Innovations/FuelCell.aspx.
    • (2009) King county fuel cell demonstration project , pp. 433
  • 43
    • 0037374727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical assessment of fuel cell operation on landfill gas at the Groton, CT, landfill
    • Spiegel R.J., Preston J.L. Technical assessment of fuel cell operation on landfill gas at the Groton, CT, landfill. Energy 2003, 28(5):397-409.
    • (2003) Energy , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 397-409
    • Spiegel, R.J.1    Preston, J.L.2
  • 44
    • 0032844027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas: conceptual design and assessment
    • Spiegel R.J., Thorneloe S.A., Trocciola J.C., Preston J.L. Fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas: conceptual design and assessment. Waste Management 1999, 19(6):389-399.
    • (1999) Waste Management , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 389-399
    • Spiegel, R.J.1    Thorneloe, S.A.2    Trocciola, J.C.3    Preston, J.L.4
  • 45
    • 13444251970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, NREL/SR-570-26037, [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Steinfeld G., Sanderson R. Landfill gas cleanup for carbonate fuel cell power generation 1998, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, NREL/SR-570-26037, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/fy98/26037.pdf.
    • (1998) Landfill gas cleanup for carbonate fuel cell power generation
    • Steinfeld, G.1    Sanderson, R.2
  • 48
    • 78649882839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance analysis of energy recovery in an Italian municipal solid waste landfill
    • Zappini G., Cocca P., Rossi D. Performance analysis of energy recovery in an Italian municipal solid waste landfill. Energy 2010, 35(12):5063-5069.
    • (2010) Energy , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 5063-5069
    • Zappini, G.1    Cocca, P.2    Rossi, D.3
  • 50
    • 0141680444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical assessment of fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas at the Yonkers, NY, wastewater treatment plant
    • Spiegel R.J., Preston J.L. Technical assessment of fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas at the Yonkers, NY, wastewater treatment plant. Waste Management 2003, 23(8):709-717.
    • (2003) Waste Management , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 709-717
    • Spiegel, R.J.1    Preston, J.L.2
  • 51
    • 0033359590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel cell operation on landfill gas at Penrose power station
    • Spiegel R.J., Preston J.L., Trocciola J.C. Fuel cell operation on landfill gas at Penrose power station. Energy 1999, 24(8):723-742.
    • (1999) Energy , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 723-742
    • Spiegel, R.J.1    Preston, J.L.2    Trocciola, J.C.3
  • 52
  • 53
    • 0036469315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling and cycling control of carbonate fuel cell power plants
    • Lukas M.D., Lee K.Y., Ghezel-Ayagh H. Modeling and cycling control of carbonate fuel cell power plants. Control Engineering Practice 2002, 10(2):197-206.
    • (2002) Control Engineering Practice , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-206
    • Lukas, M.D.1    Lee, K.Y.2    Ghezel-Ayagh, H.3
  • 58
    • 21244456797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2S reactive adsorption process for the purification of biogas prior to its use as a bioenergy vector
    • 2S reactive adsorption process for the purification of biogas prior to its use as a bioenergy vector. Biomass and Bioenergy 2005, 29(2):142-151.
    • (2005) Biomass and Bioenergy , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-151
    • Truong, L.V.A.1    Abatzoglou, N.2
  • 61
    • 0036009834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal characteristics of trace compounds of landfill gas by activated carbon adsorption
    • Shin H.C., Park J.W., Park K., Song H.C. Removal characteristics of trace compounds of landfill gas by activated carbon adsorption. Environmental Pollution 2002, 119(2):227-236.
    • (2002) Environmental Pollution , vol.119 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-236
    • Shin, H.C.1    Park, J.W.2    Park, K.3    Song, H.C.4
  • 63
    • 19844375839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon. 5. Methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, and modeling
    • Qi N., Levan M.D. Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon. 5. Methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, and modeling. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2005, 44:3733-3741.
    • (2005) Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research , vol.44 , pp. 3733-3741
    • Qi, N.1    Levan, M.D.2
  • 64
    • 0032599815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of humidity on adsorption capacity from the Wheeler-Jonas model for prediction of breakthrough times of water immiscible organic vapors on activated carbon beds
    • Lodewyckx P., Vansant E.F. Influence of humidity on adsorption capacity from the Wheeler-Jonas model for prediction of breakthrough times of water immiscible organic vapors on activated carbon beds. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 1999, 60(5):612-617.
    • (1999) American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 612-617
    • Lodewyckx, P.1    Vansant, E.F.2
  • 65
    • 0001387466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas phase adsorption of volatile organic compounds and water vapor on activated carbon cloth
    • Cal M.P., Rood M.J., Larson S.M. Gas phase adsorption of volatile organic compounds and water vapor on activated carbon cloth. Energy & Fuels 1997, 11(2):311-315.
    • (1997) Energy & Fuels , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 311-315
    • Cal, M.P.1    Rood, M.J.2    Larson, S.M.3
  • 67
    • 74649085377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siloxane removal from landfill and digester gas - a technology overview
    • Ajhar M., Travesset M., Yuce S., Melin T. Siloxane removal from landfill and digester gas - a technology overview. Bioresource Technology 2010, 101(9):2913-2923.
    • (2010) Bioresource Technology , vol.101 , Issue.9 , pp. 2913-2923
    • Ajhar, M.1    Travesset, M.2    Yuce, S.3    Melin, T.4
  • 68
    • 4043110019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, North Carolina, EPA/452/B-02-001. [accessed 30.06.12], United States Environmental Protection Agency
    • United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA air pollution control cost manual 2002, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, North Carolina, EPA/452/B-02-001. p. 752, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.epa.gov/ttncatc1/dir1/c_allchs.pdf.
    • (2002) EPA air pollution control cost manual , pp. 752
  • 69
    • 44049120630 scopus 로고
    • Activated carbon adsorption capacities for vapors
    • Wood G.O. Activated carbon adsorption capacities for vapors. Carbon 1992, 30(4):593-599.
    • (1992) Carbon , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 593-599
    • Wood, G.O.1
  • 70
    • 0037246389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of adsorption equilibrium using a modified D-R equation: pure organic compounds on BPL carbon
    • Ye X.H., Qi N., Ding Y.Q., LeVan M.D. Prediction of adsorption equilibrium using a modified D-R equation: pure organic compounds on BPL carbon. Carbon 2003, 41(4):681-686.
    • (2003) Carbon , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 681-686
    • Ye, X.H.1    Qi, N.2    Ding, Y.Q.3    LeVan, M.D.4
  • 71
    • 70350057502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of siloxane from digestion gas of sewage sludge
    • Matsui T., Imamura S. Removal of siloxane from digestion gas of sewage sludge. Bioresource Technology 2010, 101:S29-S32.
    • (2010) Bioresource Technology , vol.101
    • Matsui, T.1    Imamura, S.2
  • 72
    • 85019534494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of siloxanes from landfill gas by SAG™ polymorphous porous graphite treatment systems. In: SWANA 26th landfill gas symposium
    • Tower P. Removal of siloxanes from landfill gas by SAG™ polymorphous porous graphite treatment systems. In: SWANA 26th landfill gas symposium; 2003. p. 10.
    • (2003) , pp. 10
    • Tower, P.1
  • 73
    • 0036497968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review and comparisons of D/R models of equilibrium adsorption of binary mixtures of organic vapors on activated carbons
    • Wood G.O. Review and comparisons of D/R models of equilibrium adsorption of binary mixtures of organic vapors on activated carbons. Carbon 2002, 40(3):231-239.
    • (2002) Carbon , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-239
    • Wood, G.O.1
  • 75
    • 0035121389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affinity coefficients of the Polanyi/Dubinin adsorption isotherm equations - a review with compilations and correlations
    • Wood G.O. Affinity coefficients of the Polanyi/Dubinin adsorption isotherm equations - a review with compilations and correlations. Carbon 2001, 39(3):343-356.
    • (2001) Carbon , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 343-356
    • Wood, G.O.1
  • 76
    • 79951535319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorption of chloroaromatic models for dioxins on porous carbons: the influence of adsorbate structure and surface functional groups on surface interactions and adsorption kinetics
    • Bell J.G., Zhao X.B., Uygur Y., Thomas K.M. Adsorption of chloroaromatic models for dioxins on porous carbons: the influence of adsorbate structure and surface functional groups on surface interactions and adsorption kinetics. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2011, 115(6):2776-2789.
    • (2011) The Journal of Physical Chemistry C , vol.115 , Issue.6 , pp. 2776-2789
    • Bell, J.G.1    Zhao, X.B.2    Uygur, Y.3    Thomas, K.M.4
  • 77
    • 77956734550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorption on activated carbons of five selected volatile organic compounds present in biogas: comparison of granular and fiber cloth materials
    • Boulinguiez B., Le Cloirec P. Adsorption on activated carbons of five selected volatile organic compounds present in biogas: comparison of granular and fiber cloth materials. Energy & Fuels 2010, 24:4756-4765.
    • (2010) Energy & Fuels , vol.24 , pp. 4756-4765
    • Boulinguiez, B.1    Le Cloirec, P.2
  • 78
    • 0017428497 scopus 로고
    • Adsorption of phosgene and chloroform by activated and impregnated carbons
    • Chiou C.T., Reucroft P.J. Adsorption of phosgene and chloroform by activated and impregnated carbons. Carbon 1977, 15(2):49-53.
    • (1977) Carbon , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 49-53
    • Chiou, C.T.1    Reucroft, P.J.2
  • 79
    • 84984087491 scopus 로고
    • Adsorption of normal paraffins and sulfur compounds on activated carbon
    • Grant R.J., Manes M., Smith S.B. Adsorption of normal paraffins and sulfur compounds on activated carbon. AIChE Journal 1962, 8:403-406.
    • (1962) AIChE Journal , vol.8 , pp. 403-406
    • Grant, R.J.1    Manes, M.2    Smith, S.B.3
  • 80
    • 33244484591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination and correlation of binary gas adsorption equilibria of VOCs
    • Himeno S., Urano K. Determination and correlation of binary gas adsorption equilibria of VOCs. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2006, 132(3):301-308.
    • (2006) Journal of Environmental Engineering , vol.132 , Issue.3 , pp. 301-308
    • Himeno, S.1    Urano, K.2
  • 81
    • 0031360620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic adsorption of vapour mixtures in active carbon beds described by the Myers-Prausnitz and Dubinin theories
    • Lavanchy A., Stoeckli F. Dynamic adsorption of vapour mixtures in active carbon beds described by the Myers-Prausnitz and Dubinin theories. Carbon 1997, 35(10-11):1573-1579.
    • (1997) Carbon , vol.35 , Issue.10-11 , pp. 1573-1579
    • Lavanchy, A.1    Stoeckli, F.2
  • 82
    • 0025897872 scopus 로고
    • Use of adsorption-isotherms of light normal alkanes for characterizing microporous activated carbons
    • Lu X., Jaroniec M., Madey R. Use of adsorption-isotherms of light normal alkanes for characterizing microporous activated carbons. Langmuir 1991, 7(1):173-177.
    • (1991) Langmuir , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 173-177
    • Lu, X.1    Jaroniec, M.2    Madey, R.3
  • 83
    • 0028372490 scopus 로고
    • Measurement and correlation of the adsorption equilibria of refrigerant vapors on activated carbon
    • Mahle J.J., Buettner L.C., Friday D.K. Measurement and correlation of the adsorption equilibria of refrigerant vapors on activated carbon. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 1994, 33(2):346-354.
    • (1994) Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 346-354
    • Mahle, J.J.1    Buettner, L.C.2    Friday, D.K.3
  • 84
    • 0024859862 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of 3 methods to predict adsorption-isotherms for organic vapors from similar polarity and nonsimilar polarity reference vapors
    • Noll K.E., Wang D., Shen T. Comparison of 3 methods to predict adsorption-isotherms for organic vapors from similar polarity and nonsimilar polarity reference vapors. Carbon 1989, 27(2):239-245.
    • (1989) Carbon , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-245
    • Noll, K.E.1    Wang, D.2    Shen, T.3
  • 86
    • 47149105410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition to Henry's law in ultra-low concentration adsorption equilibrium for n-pentane on BPL activated carbon
    • Schindler B.J., Buettner L.C., LeVan M.D. Transition to Henry's law in ultra-low concentration adsorption equilibrium for n-pentane on BPL activated carbon. Carbon 2008, 46(10):1285-1293.
    • (2008) Carbon , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 1285-1293
    • Schindler, B.J.1    Buettner, L.C.2    LeVan, M.D.3
  • 87
    • 4043143513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorption equilibrium of binary methane/ethane mixtures in BPL activated carbon: isotherms and calorimetric heats of adsorption
    • Seaton N.A., He Y.F., Yun J.H. Adsorption equilibrium of binary methane/ethane mixtures in BPL activated carbon: isotherms and calorimetric heats of adsorption. Langmuir 2004, 20(16):6668-6678.
    • (2004) Langmuir , vol.20 , Issue.16 , pp. 6668-6678
    • Seaton, N.A.1    He, Y.F.2    Yun, J.H.3
  • 88
    • 0031337021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binary adsorption of vapours in active carbons described by the combined theories of Myers-Prausnitz and Dubinin (II)
    • Stoeckli F., Wintgens D., Lavanchy A., Stockli M. Binary adsorption of vapours in active carbons described by the combined theories of Myers-Prausnitz and Dubinin (II). Adsorption Science & Technology 1997, 15(9):677-683.
    • (1997) Adsorption Science & Technology , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 677-683
    • Stoeckli, F.1    Wintgens, D.2    Lavanchy, A.3    Stockli, M.4
  • 89
    • 0033002573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon. 4. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and modeling
    • Taqvi S.M., Appel W.S., LeVan M.D. Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon. 4. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and modeling. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 1999, 38(1):240-250.
    • (1999) Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 240-250
    • Taqvi, S.M.1    Appel, W.S.2    LeVan, M.D.3
  • 90
    • 0020043116 scopus 로고
    • Prediction method for adsorption capacities of commercial activated carbons in removal of organic vapors
    • Urano K., Omori S., Yamamoto E. Prediction method for adsorption capacities of commercial activated carbons in removal of organic vapors. Environmental Science & Technology 1982, 16(1):10-14.
    • (1982) Environmental Science & Technology , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-14
    • Urano, K.1    Omori, S.2    Yamamoto, E.3
  • 91
    • 70349280718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siloxane treatment by adsorption into porous materials
    • Ortega D.R., Subrenat A. Siloxane treatment by adsorption into porous materials. Environmental Technology 2009, 30(10):1073-1083.
    • (2009) Environmental Technology , vol.30 , Issue.10 , pp. 1073-1083
    • Ortega, D.R.1    Subrenat, A.2
  • 92
    • 34447636959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating service lives of organic vapor cartridges III: multiple vapors at all humidities
    • Wood G.O., Snyder J.L. Estimating service lives of organic vapor cartridges III: multiple vapors at all humidities. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2007, 4:363-374.
    • (2007) Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene , vol.4 , pp. 363-374
    • Wood, G.O.1    Snyder, J.L.2
  • 93
    • 67651030012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen quality for fuel cell vehicles - a modeling study of the sensitivity of impurity content in hydrogen to the process variables in the SMR-PSA pathway
    • Papadias D.D., Ahmed S., Kumar R., Joseck F. Hydrogen quality for fuel cell vehicles - a modeling study of the sensitivity of impurity content in hydrogen to the process variables in the SMR-PSA pathway. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34:6021-6035.
    • (2009) International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , vol.34 , pp. 6021-6035
    • Papadias, D.D.1    Ahmed, S.2    Kumar, R.3    Joseck, F.4
  • 96
    • 78650740730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CO2 separation and landfill biogas upgrading: a comparison of 4A and 13X zeolite adsorbents
    • Montanari T., Finocchio E., Salvatore E., Garuti G., Giordano A., Pistarino C., et al. CO2 separation and landfill biogas upgrading: a comparison of 4A and 13X zeolite adsorbents. Energy 2011, 36(1):314-319.
    • (2011) Energy , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 314-319
    • Montanari, T.1    Finocchio, E.2    Salvatore, E.3    Garuti, G.4    Giordano, A.5    Pistarino, C.6
  • 97
    • 33748571877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report prepared by Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation & Gas Technology Insitiute for the U.S. Department of Energy - National Energy Technology Laboratory, DOE Award Number: DE-AC26-99FT40674. [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Newby R.A., Lippert T.E., Slimane R.B., Akpolat O.M., Pandya K., Lau F.S., et al. Novel gas cleaning/conditioning for integrated gasification combined cycle 2001, Report prepared by Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation & Gas Technology Insitiute for the U.S. Department of Energy - National Energy Technology Laboratory, DOE Award Number: DE-AC26-99FT40674. p. 203, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/coalpower/gasification/projects/gas-clean/docs/BaseProgramFinalReport.PDF.
    • (2001) Novel gas cleaning/conditioning for integrated gasification combined cycle , pp. 203
    • Newby, R.A.1    Lippert, T.E.2    Slimane, R.B.3    Akpolat, O.M.4    Pandya, K.5    Lau, F.S.6
  • 98
    • 84864329155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bluestem Solid Waste Agency, Bluestem Solid Waste Agency and Iowa Department of Natural Resources. [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Bluestem Solid Waste Agency Anaerobic digestion feasability study 2004, Bluestem Solid Waste Agency and Iowa Department of Natural Resources, p. 249, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.scribd.com/doc/51290973/bluestem.
    • (2004) Anaerobic digestion feasability study , pp. 249
  • 99
    • 67349249322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbtrol Corporation. Activated carbon adsorption for treatment of VOC Emissions
    • In: 13th Annual EnviroExpo. Boston, MA
    • Carbtrol Corporation. Activated carbon adsorption for treatment of VOC Emissions. In: 13th Annual EnviroExpo. Boston, MA; 2001. p. 4.
    • (2001) , pp. 4
  • 100
    • 84864347801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CH2MHILL and Itron, Prepared for California Energy Comission, Santa Ana, CA, Contract No. 500-00-036. [accessed 30.06.12]
    • CH2MHILL & Itron Process selection report for wastewater treatment plants 2003, Prepared for California Energy Comission, Santa Ana, CA, Contract No. 500-00-036. p. 57, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.pierminigrid.org/FinalDeliverables/Project22/Task2.2.1/Task2.2.1_ProcessSelection_FinalReport.pdf.
    • (2003) Process selection report for wastewater treatment plants , pp. 57
  • 101
    • 85018005029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GC Environmental, Prepared for Recology, GCE, Protland, OR, Project No. 1332., [accessed 30.06.12]
    • 2S removal from landfill gas 2010, Prepared for Recology, GCE, Protland, OR, Project No. 1332. p. 10, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://yosemite.epa.gov.
    • (2010) 2S removal from landfill gas , pp. 10
  • 102
    • 84864372614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois, GRI Project #96/0482
    • Kellog M.W. GRI scavenger CalcBase™ software 1996, Gas Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois, GRI Project #96/0482.
    • (1996) GRI scavenger CalcBase™ software
    • Kellog, M.W.1
  • 103
    • 84864344740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malcom Pirnie, Report prepared for: The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA 9402), Albany, NY. [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Malcom Pirnie Feasibility study of a pilot testing program for emission control biogas cleaning at a NYCDEP water pollution control plant 2008, Report prepared for: The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA 9402), Albany, NY, p. 47, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Publications.aspx.
    • (2008) Feasibility study of a pilot testing program for emission control biogas cleaning at a NYCDEP water pollution control plant , pp. 47
  • 106
    • 84864363835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA 7250), Albany, New York, [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Roloson B.D., Scott N.R., Bothi K., Saikkonen K., Zicari S. Biogas processing 2006, The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA 7250), Albany, New York, p. 93, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Publications.aspx.
    • (2006) Biogas processing , pp. 93
    • Roloson, B.D.1    Scott, N.R.2    Bothi, K.3    Saikkonen, K.4    Zicari, S.5
  • 107
    • 85018033394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas using cow-manure compost [Master of Science Thesis]. N.Y.: Cornell University [accessed 30.06.12].
    • Zicari S. Removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas using cow-manure compost [Master of Science Thesis]. N.Y.: Cornell University; 2003 [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.cornell.edu.
    • (2003)
    • Zicari, S.1
  • 109
  • 110
    • 84864369815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malcom Pirnie, Report prepared for The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Buffalo, NY, (NYSREDA Project No. 7185). [accessed 30.06.12]
    • Malcom Pirnie Municipal wastewater treatment plant energy evaluation for ithaca area wastewater treatment facility 2005, Report prepared for The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Buffalo, NY, (NYSREDA Project No. 7185). p. 84, [accessed 30.06.12]. http://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Publications.aspx.
    • (2005) Municipal wastewater treatment plant energy evaluation for ithaca area wastewater treatment facility , pp. 84
  • 111
    • 79952817311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime optimization of a molten carbonate fuel cell power system coupled with hydrogen production
    • Nicolin F., Verda V. Lifetime optimization of a molten carbonate fuel cell power system coupled with hydrogen production. Energy 2011, 36(4):2235-2241.
    • (2011) Energy , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 2235-2241
    • Nicolin, F.1    Verda, V.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.