The reasons why stroke patients expend so much energy to walk slowly

Gait and Posture

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 409-413

  Stoquart, G ^a,b   Detrembleur, C ^a   Lejeune, T M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

^b CLINIQUES UNIVERSITAIRES SAINT LUC   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Energetics; Mechanics; Stroke; Treadmill test; Walking

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENERGY CONSUMPTION; ENERGY COST; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; ENERGY TRANSFER; GAIT; HEMIPARESIS; HUMAN; LIMB; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRODUCTIVITY; SKELETAL MUSCLE; STROKE PATIENT; TREADMILL; WALKING; WALKING SPEED;

ACCELERATION; ADULT; AGED; BIOMECHANICS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; ENERGY METABOLISM; EXERCISE TEST; FEMALE; GAIT; GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFERENCE VALUES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STROKE; WALKING;

EID: 84864341241     PISSN: 09666362     EISSN: 18792219     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.03.019     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Waters R.L., Mulroy S. The energy expenditure of normal and pathological gait. Gait & Posture 1999, 9:207-231.
2. Margaria R. Sulla fisiologia, e specialmente sul consumo energetico, della marcia e della corsa a varie velocita ed inclinazioni del terreno. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali 1938, 7:299-368. [Serie VI].
3. Cavagna G.A., Thys H., Zamboni A. The sources of external work in level walking and running. Journal of Physiology 1976, 262:639-657.
4. Reisman D.S., Rudolph K.S., Farquhar W.B. Influence of speed on walking economy poststroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2009, 23:529-534.
5. Tesio L. From neuroplastic potential to actual recovery after stroke: a call for cooperation between drugs and exercise. Aging 1991, 3:97-98.
6. Detrembleur C., Dierick F., Stoquart G., Chantraine F., Lejeune Th. Energy cost, mechanical work and efficiency of hemiparetic walking. Gait & Posture 2003, 18:47-55.
7. Chino N., Sonoda S., Domen K., Saitoh E., Kimura A. Stroke impairment assessment set. Functional evaluation of stroke patient 1996, 19-31. Springer, Tokyo. Chino, Melvin (Eds.).
8. Stoquart G.G., Detrembleur C., Lejeune T.M. Effect of speed on kinematic, kinetic, electromyographic and energetic reference values during treadmill walking. Neurophysiologie Clinique 2008, 38:105-116.
9. Waters R.L., Lunsford B.R., Perry J., Byrd R. Energy-speed relationship of walking: standard tables. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 1988, 6:215-222.
10. Dierick F., Penta M., Renaut D., Detrembleur C. A force measuring treadmill in clinical gait analysis. Gait & Posture 2004, 20:299-303.
11. Willems P.A., Cavagna G.A., Heglund N.C. External, internal and total work in human locomotion. Journal of Experimental Biology 1995, 198:379-393.
12. Tesio L., Lanzi D., Detrembleur C. The 3-D motion of the centre of gravity of the human body during level walking. II: lower limb amputees. Clinical Biomechanics 1998, 13:83-90.
13. American college of sports medicine ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription 2000, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 6th ed.
14. Stoquart G.G., Detrembleur C., Nielens H., Lejeune T.M. Efficiency of work production by spastic muscles. Gait & Posture 2005, 22:331-337.
15. Neptune R.R., Zajac F.E., Kautz S.A. Muscle mechanical work requirements during normal walking: the energetic cost of raising the body's center-of-mass is significant. Journal of Biomechanics 2004, 37:817-825.
16. Bowden M.G., Balasubramanian C.K., Neptune R.R., Kautz S.A. Anterior-posterior ground reaction forces as a measure of paretic leg contribution in hemiparetic walking. Stroke 2006, 37:872-876.
17. Allen J.L., Kautz S.A., Neptune R.R. Step length asymmetry is representative of compensatory mechanisms Q3 used in post-stroke hemiparetic walking. Gait & Posture 2011, 33:538-543.
18. McDowell B., Cosgrove A., Baker R. Estimating mechanical cost in subjects with myelomeningocele. Gait & Posture 2002, 15:25-31.
19. Bennett B.C., Abel M.F., Wolovick A., Franklin T., Allaire P.E., Kerrigan D.C. Center of mass movement and energy transfer during walking in children with cerebral palsy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2005, 86:2189-2194.
20. Massaad F., Lejeune T.M., Detrembleur C. Reducing the energy cost of hemiparetic gait using center of mass feedback: a pilot study. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2010, 24:338-347.
21. Stoquart G.G., Detrembleur C., Palumbo S., Deltombe T., Lejeune T.M. Effect of botulinum toxin injection in the rectus femoris on stiff-knee gait in people with stroke: a prospective observational study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008, 89:56-61.
22. Caty G.D., Detrembleur C., Bleyenheuft C., Deltombe T., Lejeune T.M. Effect of simultaneous botulinum toxin injections into several muscles on impairment, activity, participation, and quality of life among stroke patients presenting with a stiff knee gait. Stroke 2008, 39:2803-2808.
23. Kautz S.A., Bowden M.G., Clark D.J., Neptune R.R. Comparison of motor control deficits during treadmill and overground walking poststroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2011, 25:756-765.
24. Eng J.J., Dawson A.S., Chu K.S. Submaximal exercise in persons with stroke: test-retest reliability and concurrent validity with maximal oxygen consumption. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2004, 85:113-118.
25. Wass E., Taylor N.F., Matsas A. Familiarisation to treadmill walking in unimpaired older people. Gait & Posture 2005, 21:72-79.
26. Ivey F.M., Hafer-Macko C.E., Macko R.F. Exercise rehabilitation after stroke. NeuroRx 2006, 3:439-450.
27. MacKay-Lyons M.J., Makrides L. Exercise capacity early after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002, 83:1697-1702.
28. Macko R.F., Smith G.V., Dobrovolny C.L., Sorkin J.D., Goldberg A.P., Silver K.H. Treadmill training improves fitness reserve in chronic stroke patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001, 82:879-884.
29. Gordon N.F., Gulanick M., Costa F., et al. Physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors. Circulation 2004, 109:2031-2041.
30. Ralston H.J. Energy-speed relation and optimal speed during level walking. Internationale Zeitschrift fãr Angewandte Physiologie Einschliesslich Arbeitsphysiologie 1958, 17:277.