The Postpartum Period in Women with Epilepsy

Neurologic Clinics

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 867-875

  Klein, Autumn ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiepileptic medications; Breastfeeding; Depression; Epilepsy; Postpartum; Pregnancy; Women

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE; CARBAMAZEPINE; ETIRACETAM; GABAPENTIN; HARKOSERIDE; LAMOTRIGINE; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; PREGABALIN; PRIMIDONE; RETIGABINE; RUFINAMIDE; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID; VIGABATRIN; ZONISAMIDE;

ADULT; ANEMIA; ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY; AWARENESS; BREAST FEEDING; CASE REPORT; COGNITION; COLOSTRUM; DROWSINESS; DRUG ACCUMULATION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG EXCRETION; DRUG GLUCURONIDATION; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG MILK LEVEL; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; HEPATITIS; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; MISCELLANEOUS NAMED GROUPS; MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY; NEWBORN CARE; PATIENT CARE PLANNING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING; PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE; PUERPERAL DEPRESSION; PUERPERIUM; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SUCKING; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; WOMEN WITH EPILEPSY;

ADULT; ANTICONVULSANTS; BREAST FEEDING; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MILK, HUMAN; POSTPARTUM PERIOD;

EID: 84864322973     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: 15579875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2012.06.001     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. Breastfeeding report card-United States, 2011 2011, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Available at:, Accessed May 29, 2012. http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/reportcard.htm.
2. Meador K.J., Baker G.A., Browning N., et al. Effects of breastfeeding in children of women taking antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2010, 75(22):1954-1960.
3. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Rockville (MD); 2007. Available at: Accessed June 4, 2012. http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/tp/brfouttp.htm.
4. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics 2005, 115(2):496-506.
5. Rauchenzauner M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U., Rostasy K., et al. Old and new antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy and lactation-report of a case. Epilepsy Behav 2011, 20(4):719-720.
6. Ito S. Drug therapy for breast-feeding women. N Engl J Med 2000, 343(2):118-126.
7. Miyagi S.J., Collier A.C. Pediatric development of glucuronidation: the ontogeny of hepatic UGT1A4. Drug Metab Dispos 2007, 35(9):1587-1592.
8. Nordmo E., Aronsen L., Wasland K., et al. Severe apnea in an infant exposed to lamotrigine in breast milk. Ann Pharmacother 2009, 43(11):1893-1897.
9. Tomson T., Battino D. Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring of newer antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy and the puerperium. Clin Pharm 2007, 46(3):209-219.
10. Pennell P.B. Pregnancy in women who have epilepsy. Neurol Clin 2004, 22(4):799-820.
11. Sabers A. Algorithm for lamotrigine dose adjustment before, during, and after pregnancy. Acta Neurol Scand 2012, 126(1):e1-e4.
12. Harden C.L., Pennell P.B., Koppel B.S., et al. Practice parameter update: management issues for women with epilepsy-focus on pregnancy (an evidence-based review): vitamin K, folic acid, blood levels, and breastfeeding: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee and Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2009, 73(2):142-149.
13. Kaneko S., Sato T., Suzuki K. The levels of anticonvulsants in breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1979, 7(6):624-627.
14. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 2001, 108(3):776-789.
15. von Unruh G.E., Froescher W., Hoffmann F., et al. Valproic acid in breast milk: how much is really there?. Ther Drug Monit 1984, 6(3):272-276.
16. Piontek C.M., Baab S., Peindl K.S., et al. Serum valproate levels in 6 breastfeeding mother-infant pairs. J Clin Psychiatry 2000, 61(3):170-172.
17. Stahl M.M., Neiderud J., Vinge E. Thrombocytopenic purpura and anemia in a breast-fed infant whose mother was treated with valproic acid. J Pediatr 1997, 130(6):1001-1003.
18. Steen B., Rane A., Lonnerholm G., et al. Phenytoin excretion in human breast milk and plasma levels in nursed infants. Ther Drug Monit 1982, 4(4):331-334.
19. Finch E., Lorber J. Methaemoglobinaemia in the newborn probably due to phenytoin excreted in human milk. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1954, 61(6):833-834.
20. Froescher W., Eichelbaum M., Niesen M., et al. Carbamazepine levels in breast milk. Ther Drug Monit 1984, 6(3):266-271.
21. Shimoyama R., Ohkubo T., Sugawara K. Monitoring of carbamazepine and carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide in breast milk and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ann Clin Biochem 2000, 37(Pt 2):210-215.
22. Chaudron L.H., Jefferson J.W. Mood stabilizers during breastfeeding: a review. J Clin Psychiatry 2000, 61(2):79-90.
23. Newport D.J., Pennell P.B., Calamaras M.R., et al. Lamotrigine in breast milk and nursing infants: determination of exposure. Pediatrics 2008, 122(1):e223-e231.
24. Fotopoulou C., Kretz R., Bauer S., et al. Prospectively assessed changes in lamotrigine-concentration in women with epilepsy during pregnancy, lactation and the neonatal period. Epilepsy Res 2009, 85(1):60-64.
25. Tomson T., Palm R., Kallen K., et al. Pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam during pregnancy, delivery, in the neonatal period, and lactation. Epilepsia 2007, 48(6):1111-1116.
26. Johannessen S.I., Helde G., Brodtkorb E. Levetiracetam concentrations in serum and in breast milk at birth and during lactation. Epilepsia 2005, 46(5):775-777.
27. Ohman I., Vitols S., Luef G., et al. Topiramate kinetics during delivery, lactation, and in the neonate: preliminary observations. Epilepsia 2002, 43(10):1157-1160.
28. Kawada K., Itoh S., Kusaka T., et al. Pharmacokinetics of zonisamide in perinatal period. Brain Dev 2002, 24(2):95-97.
29. Bagshaw J., Crawford P., Chappell B. Problems that mothers' with epilepsy experience when caring for their children. Seizure 2008, 17(1):42-48.
30. Pearlstein T., Howard M., Salisbury A., et al. Postpartum depression. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009, 200(4):357-364.
31. Turner K., Piazzini A., Franza A., et al. Postpartum depression in women with epilepsy versus women without epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2006, 9(2):293-297.
32. Galanti M., Newport D.J., Pennell P.B., et al. Postpartum depression in women with epilepsy: influence of antiepileptic drugs in a prospective study. Epilepsy Behav 2009, 16(3):426-430.