Care of external fixator pin sites

American Journal of Critical Care

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 288-292

  Lagerquist, Debbie ^e   Dabrowski, Michelle ^a   Dock, Cari ^c   Fox, Angela ^d   Daymond, Michell ^b   Sandau, Kristin E ^f   Halm, Margo ^g  

^a Family Birth Center at Mercy Hospital (Allina Health)   (United States)

^b REGIONS HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c DaVita Dialysis Centers   (United States)

^d VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e HENNEPIN COUNTY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^f BETHEL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g Salem Hospital   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE; EXTERNAL FIXATOR; FEMALE; FRACTURE FIXATION; HUMAN; INSTRUMENTATION; INTENSIVE CARE; METHODOLOGY; NURSING CARE; REVIEW; SKIN INFECTION;

ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; CRITICAL CARE; DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC; EXTERNAL FIXATORS; FEMALE; FRACTURE FIXATION; HUMANS; NURSING CARE; SKIN DISEASES, INFECTIOUS;

EID: 84864023501     PISSN: 10623264     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2012600     Document Type: Review

References (23)

1. Hayes VM, Silber JS, Siddiqi FN, et al. Complications of halo fixation of the cervical spine. Am J Orthop. 2005;34(6): 271-276.
2. Fleming BC, Krag MH, Huston DR, et al. Pin loosening in a halo-best orthosis: a biomechanical study. Spine. 2000; 25(11):1325-1331.
3. Saeed MU, Daucycuy MA, Kennedy DJ. Halo pin insertionassociated brain abscess: case report and review of literature. Spine. 2007;32(8):e271-e274.
4. Holmes S, Brown S. Skeletal pin site care: National Association of Orthopaedic Nurses guidelines for orthopaedic nursing. Orthop Nurs. 2005;24(2):99-107.
5. W-Dahl A, Toksvig-Larsen S. Pin site care in external fixation sodium chloride or chlorhexidine solution as a cleansing agent. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2004;124(8):555-558.
6. Williams H, Griffiths P. The effectiveness of pin site care for patients with external fixators. Br J Commun Nurs. 2004; 9(5):206-210.
7. Davies R, Nayagam S, Holt, N. The care of pin sites with external fixation. J Bone Joint Surg. 2005;87-B:716-719.
8. Grant S, Kerr D, Wallis M, et al. Comparison of povidoneiodine solution and soft white paraffin ointment in the management of skeletal pin-sites: a pilot study. J Orthop Nurs. 2005;9:218-225.
9. Chan CK, Saw A, Kwan MK, et al. Diluted povidone-iodine versus saline for dressing metal-skin interfaces in external fixation. J Orthop Surg. 2009;17(1):19-22.
10. W-Dahl A, Toksvig-Larsen S, Lindstrand A. No difference between daily and weekly pin site care: a randomized study of 50 patients with external fixation. Acta Orthop Scand. 2003;74(6):704-708.
11. Camilo AM, Bongiovanni JC. Evaluation of effectiveness of 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine solution against infections in wire and pin holes for Ilizarov external fixators. Sao Paulo Med J. 2005;123(2):58-61.
12. Ogbemudia AO, Bafor A, Edomwonyi E, et al. Prevalence of pin tract infection: the role of combined silver sulphadiazine and chlorhexidine dressing. Niger J Clin Pract. 2010; 13(3):268-271.
13. Patterson M. Multicenter pin care study. Orthop Nurs. 2005; 24(5):349-360.
14. Egol K, Paksima N, Puopolo S, et al. Treatment of external fixation pins about the wrist: a prospective, randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg. 2006;88A(2):349-354.
15. Lethaby A, Temple J, Santy J. Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins. Cochrane Database. 2008;(4):CD004551.
16. Cavusoglu AT, Er MS, Inal S, et al. Pin site care during circular external fixation using two different protocols. J Orthop Trauma. 2009;23(10):724-730.
17. Yuenyongviwat V, Tangtrakulwanich B. Prevalence of pinsite infection: the comparison between silver sulfadiazine and dry dressing among open tibial fracture patients. J Med Assoc Thai. 2011; 94(5):566-569.
18. Gordon JE, Kelly-Hahn J, Carpenter CJ, et al. Pin site care during external fixation in children: results of a nihilistic approach. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20(2):163-165.
19. Armola R, Bourgault A, Halm M, et al. Upgrading AACN's evidence leveling hierarchy. Am J Crit Care. 2009;18:405-409.
20. Orthofix (2002). Patient Information: Pin site care. http://www .orthofix.com/ftp/assets/center%20pics/patients/pinsitecare .pdf. Accessed April 17, 2012.
21. Winkley Orthotics and Prosthetics. Halo care guide. http:// www.winkley.com/for-our-patients/brochures. Accessed April 17, 2012.
22. Kramer SA. Effect of povidone-iodine on wound healing: a review. J Vasc Nurs. 2000;17(1):17-23.
23. Hennepin County Medical Center. Orthopedic Pin Care Protocol. Minneapolis, MN: Hennepin County Medical Center; 2007.