An exploratory study of student nurses' empathy

Health Science Journal

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 534-552

  Ouzouni, Christina ^a   Nakakis, Konstantinos ^a  

^a TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LAMIA   (Greece)

Author keywords

Compassion; Empathy; Jefferson scale of empathy; Nurses; Nursing students

Indexed keywords

EID: 84863833917     PISSN: 11087366     EISSN: 1791809X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Alligood MR. Rethinking empathy in nursing education: shifting to a developmental view. Annual Review of Nursing Education 2005; 3:299-309.
2. LaRocco SA. Assisting nursing students to develop empathy using a writing assignment. Nurse Educator 2010; 35(1):10-11.
3. Carper BA. Fundamental patterns of knowing in Nursing. Advances in Nursing Science 1978; 1 (1):13-23.
4. Kunyk D, Olson JK. Clarification of conceptualizations of empathy. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2001; 35(3):317-325.
5. Yu J, Kirk M. Measuring of empathy in nursing research: a systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2008; 64(5):440-454.
6. Alligood MR. Empathy: the importance of recognizing two types. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 1992; 30(3):14-17.
7. Spiro H. What is empathy and can it be taught? Academia and Clinic 1992; 116(10):843-846.
8. Morse JM, Anderson G, Bottorff JI. Exploring empathy: a conceptual fir for nursing practice? Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship 1992; 24(4):273-280.
9. Yu J, Kirk M. Evaluation of empathy measurement tools in nursing: systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2009; 65(9):1790-1806.
10. Reynolds WJ, Scott B, Jessiman WC. Empathy has not been measured in clients' terms or effectively taught: a review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1999; 30 (5): 1177-1185.
11. Hojat M, Gonnella J, Nasca T, Mangione S, Vergare M, Magee M. Physician empathy: Definition, components, measurement, and relationship to gender and specialty. American Journal of Psychiatry 2002; 159(9): 1563-1569.
12. Suchman A, Markakis K, Beckman HB, Frankel R. A model of empathic communication in the medical interview. JAMA 1997; 277(8):678-846.
13. Levinson W, Corawara-Bhat R, Lamb J. A study of patient clues and physician responses in primary care and surgical settings. JAMA 2000; 284(8):1021-1027.
14. LaMonica E, Wolf R, Madea A, Oberst M. Empathy and nursing care outcomes. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 1987; 1(3):197-213.
15. Reynolds WJ, Scott B. Do nurses and other professional helpers display much empathy? Journal of Advanced Nursing 2000; 31(1):226-234.
16. Daniels TG, Denny A, Andrews D. Using microcounceling to teach RN nursing students skills of therapeutic communication. Journal of Nursing Education 1988; 27(6):246-252.
17. Reid-Ponte P. Distress in cancer patients and primary nurses' empathy skills. Cancer Nursing 1992; 15 (4):283-292.
18. Bailey S. Levels of empathy of critical care nurses. Australian Critical Care 1996; 9(4):121-122, 124-127.
19. Watt-Watson J, Garfinkel P, Gallop R, Stevens B, Streiner D. The impact of nurses' empathic responses on patients' pain management in acute care. Nursing Research 2000; 49(4):191-200.
20. Astrom S, Nilsson M, Norberg A, Winblad B. Empathy, experience of burnout and attitudes towards demented patients among nursing staff in geriatric care. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1990; 15:1236-1244.
21. Astrom S, Nilsson M, Norberg A, Sandman P, Winblad B. Staff burnout in dementia care relations to empathy and attitudes. International Journal of Nursing Studies 1991; 28(1):65-75.
22. Warner RR. Nurses' empathy and patients' satisfaction with nursing care. Journal of New York Nurses Association 1992; 23(4):8-11.
23. Kyremyr D, Kihlgrein M, Norberg A, Astrom S, Karlsson J. Emotional experiences, empathy and burn out among staff caring for demented patients at a collective living unit and a nursing home. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1994; 19(4):670-679.
24. Palsson MB, Hallberg IR, Norberg A, Bjorvell H. Burnout, empathy and sense of coherence among Swedish district nurses before and after systematic clinical supervision. Scandinavian Journal of caring Science 1996; 10(1):19-26.
25. Gunther M, Evans G, Mefford I, Coe TR. The relationship between leadership styles and empathy among student nurses. Nursing Outlook 2007; 55(4):196-201.
26. Becker H, Sands D. The relationship of empathy to clinical experience among male and female nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education 1988; 27(5):198-203.
27. Louie K. Empathy, anxiety and transcultural nursing. Nursing Standard 1990; 24(5):36-40.
28. Hodges SA. An experiment in the development of empathy in student nurses. Journal of advanced Nursing 1991; 16(11):1296-1300.
29. Çinar N, Gevahir R, Şahin S, Sözeri C, Kuǧuoǧlu S. Evaluation of the empathic skills of nursing students with respect to the classes they are attending. Revista Electronica de Enfermagem 2007; 9(3):588-595.
30. Cutcliffe J, Cassedy P. The development of empathy in students on a short, skills based counseling course: A pilot study. Nurse Education Today 1999; 19(3):250-257.
31. Lauder W, Reynolds W, Smith A, Sharkey S. A comparison of therapeutic commitment, role support, role competency and empathy in three cohorts of nursing students. Journal of Psychiatric Mental health Nursing 2002; 9(4):483-491.
32. Kliszer J, Nowicka-Sauer K, Trzeciak B, Nowak I, Sadowska A. Empathy in health care providers-validation study of the Polish version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. Advances in Medical Sciences 2006; 51:219-225.
33. Murphy PA, Forrester DA, Price DM, Monagham JF. Empathy of intensive care nurses and critical care family needs assessment. Heart and Lung 1992; 21(1):25-30.
34. Olson JK. Relationships between nurses-expressed, empathy patient perceived empathy and patient distress. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 1995; 27(4):317-322.
35. Olson J, Hanchett E. Nurse-expressed empathy, patient outcomes, and development of a middle-range theory. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 1997; 29(1):71-76.
36. Hojat M, Mangione S, Nasca TJ, Rattner S, Erdmann JB, Gonnella JS et al. An empirical study of decline of empathy in medical school. Medical Education 2004, 38 (9):934-941.
37. Hojat M, Gonnella JS, Mangione S, Nasca TJ, Veloski JJ, Erdmann JB et al. Empathy in medical students as related to academic performance, clinical competence, and gender. Medical Education 2002; 36(6):522-527.
38. Ward J, Schaal M, Sullivan J, Bowen ME, Erdmann JB, Hojat M. Reliability and Validity of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy in Undergraduate Nursing Students. Journal of Nursing Measurement 2009; 17(1):73-88.
39. Hojat M. Empathy in patient care: Antecedents, development, measurement, and outcomes. New York: Springer, 2007.
40. Kataoka H, Koide N, Ochi K, Hojat M, Gonnella J. Measurement of empathy among Japanese medical students: psychometrics and score differences by gender and level of medical education. Academic Medicine 2009; 84(9): 1192-1197.
41. Tshuldin V. Beyond empathy. Chapman and Hall, London 1989.
42. Wikstrom BM. Work of art dialogues: An educational technique by which students discover personal knowledge of empathy. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2001; 7(1):24-29.
43. Mete S. The empathetic tendencies and skills of nursing students. Social Behavior and Personality 2007; 35(9):1181-1188.
44. Hojat M, Vergare MJ, Maxwell K, Brainard G, Herrine SK, Isenberg GA et al. The devil is in the third year: a longitudinal study of erosion of empathy in medical school. Academic Medicine 2009; 84(9):1182-1191.
45. Shapiro J, Morrison E, Boker J. Teaching empathy to first year medical students: evaluation of an elective literature and medicine course. Education for Health 2004; 17(1):73-84.
46. Williams A. Empathy and burnout in male and female helping professionals. Research in Nursing & Health 1989; 12(3):169-178.
47. Kliszer J, Hebanowski M, Rembowski J. Emotional and cognitive empathy in medical schools. Acad. Med. 1998; 73(5):541.
48. Duriez B. Are religious people nicer people? Taking a closer look at the religion empathy relationship. Mental health Religion & Culture 2004; 7(3):249-254.
49. Watson PJ, Hood RW, Morris RJ, Hall JR. Empathy, religious orientation and social desirability. Journal of Psychology 1984; 117:211-216.
50. Spencer J. Decline in empathy in medical education: how can we stop the rot? Med Educ, 2004; 38(9): 916-918