Problems of stopping trials early

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 344, Issue 7865, 2012, Pages

  Guyatt, Gordon H ^a   Briel, Matthias ^b   Glasziou, Paul ^c   Bassler, Dirk ^d   Montori, Victor M ^e  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

^c BOND UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^e MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISOPROLOL; DROTRECOGIN; INSULIN;

ARTICLE; BLEEDING; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; HEART DEATH; HEART INFARCTION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INSULIN TREATMENT; LOW DRUG DOSE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SEPSIS; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL; VASCULAR DISEASE;

EID: 84863795856     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e3863     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Pocock SJ, Hughes MD. Practical problems in interim analyses, with particular regard to estimation. Control Clin Trials 1989;10(suppl 4):209-21S.
2. Montori VM, Devereaux PJ, Adhikari NK, Burns KE, Eggert CH, Briel M, et al. Randomized trials stopped early for benefit: a systematic review. JAMA 2005;294:2203-9. (Pubitemid 41571138)
3. Bassler D, Briel M, Montori VM, Lane M, Glasziou P, Zhou Q, et al. Stopping randomized trials early for benefit and estimation of treatment effects: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. JAMA 2010;303:1180-7.
4. Poldermans D, Boersma E, Bax JJ, Thomson IR, van de Ven LL, Blankensteijn JD, et al. The effect of bisoprolol on perioperative mortality and myocardial infarction in high-risk patients undergoing vascular surgery. Dutch Echocardiographic Cardiac Risk Evaluation Applying Stress Echocardiography Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1789-94.
5. Fleisher LA, Eagle KA. Clinical practice. Lowering cardiac risk in noncardiac surgery. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1677-82. (Pubitemid 33126824)
6. Eagle KA, Berger PB, Calkins H, Chaitman BR, Ewy GA, Fleischmann KE, et al. ACC/AHA guideline update for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation for noncardiac surgery - executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to update the 1996 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation for noncardiac surgery). Anesth Analg 2002;94:1052-64. (Pubitemid 34441809)
7. Shojania K, Duncan B, McDonald K, Wachter R. Health care safer: a critical analysis of patient safety practices: evidence report/technology assessment No 43. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2001.
8. Bangalore S, Wetterslev J, Pranesh S, Sawhney S, Gluud C, Messerli FH. Perioperative beta blockers in patients having non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2008;372:1962-76.
9. Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Boersma E, De Hert S, Eeckhout E, Fowkes G, et al. Guidelines for pre-operative cardiac risk assessment and perioperative cardiac management in non-cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J 2009;30:2769-812.
10. Festinger L. Cognitive dissonance. Sci Am 1962;207:93-102.
11. Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Verwaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1359-67.
12. Heyland DK, Dhaliwal R, Drover JW, Gramlich L, Dodek P. Canadian clinical practice guidelines for nutrition support in mechanically ventilated, critically ill adult patients. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2003;27:355-73. (Pubitemid 37022781)
13. Garber AJ, Moghissi ES, Bransome ED Jr, Clark NG, Clement S, Cobin RH, et al. American College of Endocrinology position statement on inpatient diabetes and metabolic control. Endocr Pract 2004;10(suppl 2):4-9.
14. Wiener RS, Wiener DC, Larson RJ. Benefits and risks of tight glucose control in critically ill adults: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2008;300:933-44.
15. Stapleton R, Heyland D, Wilson K. Glycemic control and intensive insulin therapy in critical illness. In: Basow D, ed. UpToDate . Wolters Kluwer, 2012.
16. Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, LaRosa SP, Dhainaut JF, Lopez-Rodriguez A, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001;344:699-709. (Pubitemid 32204987)
17. Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, Gerlach H, Calandra T, Cohen J, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004;32:858-73. (Pubitemid 38344143)
18. Abraham E, Laterre PF, Garg R, Levy H, Talwar D, Trzaskoma BL, et al. Drotrecogin alfa (activated) for adults with severe sepsis and a low risk of death. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1332-41. (Pubitemid 41362701)
19. Sepsis treatment in the emergency department: an evidence-based review. Medscape Emergency Medicine 2009.
20. Nickerson R. Confirmation bias: a ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Rev Gen Psychol 1998;2:175-220. (Pubitemid 128549158)