Do healthy cities work? A logic of method for assessing impact and outcome of healthy cities

Journal of Urban Health

Volumn 89, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 217-231

  De Leeuw, Evelyne ^a  

^a DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Healthy cities; Methodology

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CITY; CITY PLANNING; EUROPE; HEALTH; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH; STANDARD; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

CITIES; CITY PLANNING; EUROPE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMANS; PROGRAM EVALUATION; PUBLIC HEALTH; URBAN HEALTH; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 84863783943     PISSN: 10993460     EISSN: 14682869     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11524-011-9617-y     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. de Leeuw E. Evidence for Healthy Cities: reflections on practice, method and theory. Health Promotion International. 2009;24(S1):i19-i36 doi:10.1093/heapro/dap052
2. WHO Healthy City Project Technical Working Group on City Health Profiles. City Health Profiles: How to Report on Health in Your City. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO/EURO; 1994.
3. Mitroff II, Mason R. Structuring ill-structured policy issues: further explorations in a methodology for messy problems. Strateg Manag. 1980; 23.
4. Lawrence R. Building Healthy Cities. The World Health Organization Perspective. Ch. 24. In: Galeo S, Vlahov D, eds. Handbook of Urban Health. Populations, Methods, and Practice. New York, NY: Springer; 2005: 479-501.
5. Hancock T, Duhl L. Promoting Health in the Urban Context. WHO Healthy Cities Papers No. 1. Copenhagen, Denmark: FADL Publishers; 1988.
6. de Leeuw E. Policies for Health. The Effectiveness of Their Development, Adoption, and Implementation. Chapter 5. In: McQueen D, Jones CM, eds. (2007) Global Perspectives on Health Promotion Effectiveness. New York, NY: Springer; 2007: 51-66.
7. Dooris M, Poland B, Kolbe L, de Leeuw E, McCall DS, Wharf-Higgins J. Healthy Settings: Building Evidence for the Effectiveness of Whole System Health Promotion Challenges and Future Directions. Chapter 19. In: McQueen D, Jones CM, eds. Global Perspectives on Health Promotion Effectiveness. New York, NY: Springer; 2007: 327-352.
8. de Leeuw E, McNess A, Crisp B, Stagnitti K. Theoretical reflections on the nexus between research, policy and practice. Crit Public Health. 2008; 18(1): 5-20. (Pubitemid 351637701)
9. Webster P. City Health Profiles. Chapter 4. In: Green G, Tsouros A, eds. City Leadership for Health. Summary Evaluation of Phase IV of the WHO European Healthy Cities Network. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organisation Regional Office for Europe; 2008: 8-9.
10. Sanderson D, Webster P. Healthy City Indicators. In: Tsouros A, Farrington J, eds. WHO Healthy Cities in Europe: a Compilation of Papers on Progress and Achievements. Copenhagen, Denmark:World Health Organisation Regional Office for Europe; 2003: 63-87.
11. Lawrence R. Urban health: an ecological perspective. Rev Environ Heal. 1999; 14(1): 1-10. (Pubitemid 29396635)
12. De Solla Price DJ. Science Since Babylon. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 1961.
13. Duhl LJ, Sanchez AK. Healthy Cities and the City Planning Process: a Background Document on Links Between Health and Urban Planning. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO/EURO; 1999.
14. Frohlich KL, Potvin L. Transcending the known in public health practice: the inequality paradox: the population approach and vulnerable populations. Am J Publ Health. 2008; 98(2): 216-221. (Pubitemid 351317555)
15. Burris S, Hancock T, Lin V, Herzog A. Emerging strategies for healthy urban governance. J Urban Health. 2007; 84(1): 154-163.
16. Mitroff II, Featheringham TR. On systematic problem solving and the error of the third kind. Behav Sci. 1974; 19: 383-393.
17. Ratcliffe JW. Notions of validity in qualitative research methodology. Knowl Creation, Diff, Utilization. 1983; 5(2): 147-167.
18. de Leeuw E. Concepts in health promotion: the notion of relativism. Soc Sci Med. 1989; 29(11): 1281-1288. (Pubitemid 20022566)
19. Krieger N. Proximal, distal, and the politics of causation: what's level got to do with it? Am J Publ Health. 2008; 98(2): 221-230. (Pubitemid 351317556)
20. Labonte R. Econology: integrating health and sustainable development. Part one: theory and background. Heal Promot Int. 1991; 6(1): 49-65.
21. Labonte R. Econology: integrating health and sustainable development. Guiding principles for decision makers. Heal Promot Int. 1991; 6(2): 147-156.
22. Corburn J. Street Science. Community Knowledge and Environmental Health Justice. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press; 2005.
23. Corburn J. Reconnecting with Our Roots. American Urban Planning and Public Health in the Twenty-first Century. Urban Aff Rev. 2007; 42(5): 688-713. (Pubitemid 46614501)
24. Milio N. Promoting Health Through Public Policy. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Public Health Association; 1986.
25. Ståhl T, Wismar M, Ollila E, Lahtinen E, Leppo K. Health in All Policies. Prospects and potentials. Helsinki, Finland: Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, under the auspices of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies; 2006.
26. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drugs Addiction (2008) Prevention and Evaluation Resources Kit. European Union, EMCDDA. http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index9729EN.html. Accessed August 1, 2008.
27. OECD/DAC. Glossary of Terms Used in Evaluations. Paris, France: OECD; 2002.
28. de Leeuw E, Skovgaard T. Utility-driven evidence for healthy cities: problems with evidence generation and application. Soc Sci Med. 2005; 61: 1331-1341. (Pubitemid 40828576)
29. Rychetnik L, Hawe P, Waters E, Barratt A, Frommer M. A glossary for evidence based public health. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2004; 58: 538-545. (Pubitemid 38824123)
30. Duhl L, Hancock T. A Guide to Assessing Healthy Cities. WHO Healthy Cities Papers No. 3. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO/EURO; 1988.
31. Goumans M, Springett J. From projects to policy: 'Healthy Cities' as a mechanism for policy change for health? Heal Promot Int. 1997; 12(4): 311-322. (Pubitemid 28039424)
32. Laverack G. Public Health. Power, Empowerment and Professional Practice. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan; 2005.
33. Wallerstein N. What Is the Evidence on Effectiveness of Empowerment to Improve Health? Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO/EURO; 2006.
34. Davidson S. Spinning the wheel of empowerment. Planning. 1998; 3: 14-15.
35. Anand S, Peter F, Sen A, eds. Public Health, Ethics, and Equity. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 2005.
36. Wismar M, Blau J, Ernst K, Figueras J. The Effectiveness of Health Impact Assessment. Scope and Limitations of Supporting Decision-Making in Europe. Brussels, Belgium: European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies; 2007.
37. Capello R. Il Paradigma delle Reti di Città: una Misura delle Esternalità di Rete Urbane. Economia Pubblica. 1999; 6: 41-68.
38. Capello R. The city-network paradigm: measuring urban network externalities. Urban Stud. 2000; 37(11): 1925-1945.
39. Worldwatch Institute. State of the World 2007: Our Urban Future. Washington, DC: World watch Institute; 2006.
40. WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the Gap in a Generation. Health Equity Through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2008.
41. Blas E, Gilson L, Kelly MP, et al. Addressing social determinants of health inequalities: what can the state and civil society do? Lancet. 2008; 372(9650): 1684-1689.
42. Pawson R, Tilley N. Realist Evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 1997.
43. Pawson R. Evidence-Based Policy. A Realist Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 2006.
44. Birckmayer JD, Weiss CH. Theory-based evaluation in practice: what do we learn? Eval Rev. 2000; 24(4): 407-431.
45. Hawe P, Degeling D, Hall J, eds. Evaluating Health Promotion: A Health Workers Guide. Sydney, Australia: Maclennan & Petty; 1990.
46. Jirojwong S, Liamputtong P, eds. Population Health, Communities and Health Promotion. South Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press; 2009.