Occupational exposure of gasoline station workers to BTEX compounds in Bangkok, Thailand

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 117-125

  Tunsaringkarn, T ^a   Siriwong, W ^a   Rungsiyothin, A ^a   Nopparatbundit, S ^a  

^a CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

Author keywords

Benzene; Ethylbenzene; Gasoline; Occupational; Risk; Toluene; Xylene

Indexed keywords

BENZENE; ETHYLBENZENE; TOLUENE; XYLENE;

ADULT; AIR SAMPLING; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENICITY; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DIZZINESS; FATIGUE; FEMALE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEADACHE; HUMAN; INDUSTRIAL WORKER; LIMIT OF DETECTION; MALE; NAUSEA; NOSE IRRITATION; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; THAILAND; THROAT IRRITATION; WORK ENVIRONMENT;

ADULT; BENZENE; BENZENE DERIVATIVES; FEMALE; GASOLINE; HUMANS; MALE; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; THAILAND; TOLUENE; URBAN POPULATION; XYLENES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84863676593     PISSN: 20086520     EISSN: 20086814     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs. Based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents & biological exposure indices. Cincinnati, OH, USA, 2010:13-29.
2. US EPA. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) on Benzene. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Washington DC, 2002.
3. ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for benzene. (Draft for Public Comment). Atlanta, GA, USA, 2005.
4. Snyder R, Witz G, Golstein BD. The toxicology of benzene. Environ Health Perspect 1993;100:293-306.
5. Inoue O, Seiji K, Watanabe T, et al. Mutual metabolic suppression between benzene and toluene in man. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1988;60:15-20.
6. US EPA. Toxicological review of toluene: In support of summary information on Integrated risk information system (IRIS). 2005, Available from www.epa.gov/iris (Accessed October 15, 2011).
7. ATSDR. Toxicological profile for ethylbenzene. Atlanta, GA, USA, 2010.
8. US EPA. Toxicological review of xylene: In support of summary information on Integrated risk information system (IRIS). 2003, Available from www.epa.gov/iris (Accessed October 20, 2011).
9. Ministry of Energy, Energy Policy and Planning Office. Energy Situation in Thailand 2009 (in Thai), Available from http://new.energy.go.th/sites/all/ files/situation52. pdf (Accessed August 25, 2011).
10. Uzma N, Salar BM, Kumar BS, et al. Impact of organic solvents and environmental pollutants on the physiological function in petrol filling workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2008;5:139-46.
11. Cal/EPA. Technical Support Document for Describing Available Cancer Potency Factors. California, USA, 2005.
12. Shipman T. More women than men in work within four years as Full Monty recession brings jobs revolution. 2011, Available from www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1239783/More-women-menwork-4-years.html (Accessed June 15, 2011).
13. RAIS. Toxicity Profiles RAGs A Format for Ethyl-benzene - CAS Number 100414. The University of Tennessee. 2009, Available from http://rais.ornl.gov/tox/profiles/ethylbenzeneragsa.html (Accessed June 25, 2011).
14. Scheff PA, Wadden RA. Receptor Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds, 1. Emission Inventory and Validation. Environ Sci Technol 1993;27:617-25.
15. Thaveevongs P, Panyamateekul S, Prueksasit T. Exposure Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of the Workers at Gas Station in Bangkok. Engineering Journal 2010;2:1-12 [in Thai].
16. Leong ST, Laortanakul P. Indicators of benzene emissions and exposure in Bangkok street. Environ Res 2003;92:173-81.
17. Simachaya W. Overview of Air Quality Management in Thailand. Pollution Control. Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Thailand. Available from http://infofile.pcd.go.th/air/AIT061109sec5.pdf?CFID=5138686&CFTOKEN=60042639 (Accessed March 20, 2011).
18. ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents. Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati, OH, USA, 1999.
19. US EPA. Supplementary Guidance for Conducting Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures. EPA/630/R-00/002. 2000, Available from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=20533 (Accessed June 26, 2011).
20. Wang XM, Sheng GV, Fu JM, et al. Urban roadside aromatic hydrocarbons in three cities of the Pearl River Delta, People's Republic of China. Atmos Environ 2002;36:5141-8.
21. Jo WK, Song KB. Exposure to volatile organic compounds for individuals with occupations associated with potential exposure to motor vehicle exhaust and/or gasoline vapor emissions. Sci Total Environ 2001;269:25-37.
22. Majumdar D, Dutta C, Mukherjee AK, et al. Source apportionment of VOCs at the petrol pumps in Kolkata, India; exposure of workers and assessment of associated health risk. Transportation Research Part D: Trans Environ 2008;13:524-30.
23. Han X. A preliminary study on traffic-related occupational exposures to PM2.5, CO, and VOCs in Trujillo, Peru. The thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masrer of Science. Athens, Georgia, 2004.
24. Romieu I, Ramirez M, Maneses F, et al. Environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds among workers in Mexico City as assessed by personal monitors and blood concentrations. Environ Health Perspect 1999;107:511-5.
25. Bono R, Scursatone E, Schiliro T, et al. Ambient air levels and occupational exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylenes in Northwestern Italy. J Toxicol Environ Health, Part A 2003;66:519-31.
26. Navasumrit P, Chanvaivit S, Intarasunanont P, et al. Environmental and occupational exposure to benzene in Thailand. Chem Biol Interact 2005;153-154:75-83.
27. Tunsaringkarn T, Prueksasit T, Kitwattanavong M, et al. Cancer risk assessment of the workers exposure to benzene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in gasoline station, Bangkok, Thailand and investigation of theirs possible risk reduction. Proceedings of the 42nd APACPH Conference, 24-27 November 2010, Bali, Indonesia: 318.
28. Yimrungruang D, Cheevaporn V, Boonphakdee T, et al. Characterization and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in gasoline station workers. EnvironmentAsia 2008;2:21-9.
29. US EPA. Toxicological review of benzene (non cancer effects): In support of summary information on Integrated risk information system (IRIS). 2002, Available from www.epa.gov/iris (Accessed November 2, 2011).
30. Rana SV, Verma Y. Biochemical toxicity of benzene. J Environ Biol 2005;26:157-68.
31. Tunsaringkarn T, Soogarun S, Rungsiyothin A, et al. Health status of gasoline station workers in Pathumwan area, Bangkok, Thailand, in 2002 and 2007. J Health Res 2011;25:15-9.
32. Keprasertsup C, Bashkin V, Wangwongwatana S, et al. Concentrations of MTBE, benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene in ambient air at gas stations and traffic area in Bangkok. Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Conference on Energy Technology Towards a Clean Environment 12-14 February 2003, Phuket, Thailand.
33. Periago JF, Zambudio A, Prado C. Evaluation of environmental levels of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline service stations by gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1997;778:263-8.
34. Polakowska B. Headaches in female workers in the rubber industry exposed to benzene vapors. Med Pr 1985;36:139-44.
35. Wiwanitkit V. Headaches in subjects occupationally exposed to benzene vapors. J Headache Pain 2008;9:253-4.
36. Vojdania A, Lapp CW. Interferon-induced proteins are elevated in blood samples of patients with chemically or virally induced chronic fatigue syndrome. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1999;21:175-202.
37. Satake M, Mido Y, Sethi SE, et al. Petroleum and solvents In: Environmental Toxicology. Publish by Discovery Publishing house, Darya Ganji, New Delhi 110 002, India 2001: 52-81.
38. nd Asia-pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health (APACPH) Conference on Strengthening Public Health Institutions to Address Non Communicable Diseases and Emerging Health Challenges, 24-27 November 2010, Bali, Indonesia: 87-8.