Protective factors and risk modification of violence in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 73, Issue 6, 2012, Pages

  Elbogen, Eric B ^a,b   Johnson, Sally C ^a   Wagner, H Ryan ^b,c   Newton, Virginia M ^a,b   Timko, Christine ^d,e   Vasterling, Jennifer J ^f   Beckham, Jean C ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b DURHAM VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d CENTER FOR HEALTH CARE EVALUATION   (United States)

^e STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGGRESSION; ALCOHOL ABUSE; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO LIFE; BASIC NEEDS; COMBAT EXPOSURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; HUMAN; MALE; MILITARY PHENOMENA; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING; RISK FACTOR; RISK MANAGEMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; UNITED STATES; VETERAN; VIOLENCE; WAR;

EID: 84863556552     PISSN: 01606689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.11m07593     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Thomas JL, Wilk JE, Riviere LA, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems and functional impairment among active component and National Guard soldiers 3 and 12 months following combat in Iraq. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(6):614-623. doi:10.101/archgenpsychiatry.2010.54 PubMed
2. Tanielian T, Jaycox L. Invisible Wounds of War: Psychological and Cognitive Injuries, Their Consequences, and Services to Assist Recovery. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corp; 2008.
3. Fear NT, Jones M, Murphy D, et al. What are the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces? a cohort study. Lancet. 2010;375(9728):1783-1797. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10) 60672-1 PubMed
4. Beckham JC, Moore SD, Reynolds V. Interpersonal hostility and violence in Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of theoretical models and empirical evidence. Aggress Violent Behav. 2000;5(5):451-466. doi:10.1016/S1359-1789(98)018-4 (Pubitemid 30628310)
5. Lasko NB, Gurvits TV, Kuhne AA, et al. Aggression and its correlates in Vietnam veterans with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 1994;35(5):373-381. doi:10.1016/010-40X(94)90278-X PubMed
6. Savarese VW, Suvak MK, King LA, et al. Relationships among alcohol use, hyperarousal, and marital abuse and violence in Vietnam veterans. J Trauma Stress. 2001;14(4):717-732. doi:10.1023/A:101303802175 PubMed (Pubitemid 34019923)
7. Taft CT, Pless AP, Stalans LJ, et al. Risk factors for partner violence among a national sample of combat veterans. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005;73(1):151-159. doi:10.1037/02-06X.73.1.151 PubMed (Pubitemid 40223903)
8. Taft CT, Street AE, Marshall AD, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder, anger, and partner abuse among Vietnam combat veterans. J Fam Psychol. 2007;21(2):270-277. doi:10.1037/0893-320.21.2.270 PubMed
9. Freeman TW, Roca V. Gun use, attitudes toward violence, and aggression among combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2001;189(5):317-320. doi:10.1097/05053-201050-08 PubMed (Pubitemid 32448655)
10. Begiæ D, Jokiæ-Begiæ N. Aggressive behavior in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Mil Med. 2001;166(8):671-676. PubMed (Pubitemid 32762102)
11. Elbogen EB, Fuller S, Johnson SC, et al. Improving risk assessment of violence among military veterans: an evidence-based approach for clinical decision-making. Clin Psychol Rev. 2010;30(6):595-607. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010. 03.09 PubMed
12. Gondolf EW, Foster RA. Wife assault among VA alcohol rehabilitation patients. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1991;42(1):74-79. PubMed
13. Hiley-Young B, Blake DD, Abueg FR, et al. Warzone violence in Vietnam: an examination of premilitary, military, and postmilitary factors in PTSD in-patients. J Trauma Stress. 1995;8(1):125-141. doi:10.102/jts.249080109 PubMed
14. Sayer NA, Noorbaloochi S, Frazier P, et al. Reintegration problems and treatment interests among Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans receiving VA medical care. Psychiatr Serv. 2010;61(6):589-597. doi:10.176/api.ps.61.6.589 PubMed
15. Killgore WDS, Cotting DI, Thomas JL, et al. Post-combat invincibility: Violent combat experiences are associated with increased risk-taking propensity following deployment. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2008;42(13):1112-1121.
16. Jakupcak M, Conybeare D, Phelps L, et al. Anger, hostility, and aggression among Iraq and Afghanistan War veterans reporting PTSD and subthreshold PTSD. J Trauma Stress. 2007;20(6):945-954. doi:10.102/jts.20258 PubMed
17. US Department of Defense. Protecting the Force: Lessons From Fort Hood. http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/DOD-ProtectingTheForce-Web-Security-HR-13jan10. pdf. Published January 2010. Accessibility verified April 25, 2012.
18. Rutter M. Resilience in the face of adversity. Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 1985;147(6):598-611. doi:10.192/bjp.147.6.598 PubMed (Pubitemid 16175701)
19. Ullrich S, Coid J. Protective factors for violence among released prisoners-effects over time and interactions with static risk. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2011;79(3):381-390. doi:10.1037/a023613 PubMed
20. de Vries Robbé M, de Vogel V, de Spa E. Protective Factors for Violence Risk in Forensic Psychiatric Patients: a retrospective validation study of the SAPROF. Int J Forensic Ment Health. 2011;10(3):178-186. doi:10.1080/149013.201.60232
21. Lodewijks HPB, de Ruiter C, Doreleijers TAH. The impact of protective factors in desistance from violent reoffending: a study in three samples of adolescent offenders. J Interpers Violence. 2010;25(3):568-587. doi:10.17/0862605093403 PubMed
22. Borum R, Verhaagen D. Assessing and Managing Violence Risk in Juveniles. New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2006.
23. Glynn SM, Drebing C, Penk W, et al. Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Effective Treatments for PTSD: Practice Guidelines From the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2009:388-426.
24. Cattelani R, Zettin M, Zoccolotti P. Rehabilitation treatments for adults with behavioral and psychosocial disorders following acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Neuropsychol Rev. 2010;20(1):52-85. doi:10.107/s1065-09-9125- y PubMed
25. Penk W, Flannery RB Jr, Foa EB, et al. Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Effective Treatments for PTSD: Practice Guidelines From the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2000:224-246.
26. Schutt RK, Cournoyer B, Penk WE, et al. Building the future: psychosocial rehabilitation with a Veterans Construction Team. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2003;27(2):186-189. doi:10.2975/27.203.186.189 PubMed (Pubitemid 37526764)
27. Spaulding WD, Sullivan ME, Poland JS. Treatment and Rehabilitation of Severe Mental Illness. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2003.
28. Martz E, Bodner T, Livneh H. Coping as a moderator of disability and psychosocial adaptation among Vietnam theater veterans. J Clin Psychol. 2009;65(1):94-112. doi:10.102/jclp.20541 PubMed
29. LePage JP, Bluitt M, McAdams H, et al. Effects of increased social support and lifestyle behaviors in a domiciliary for homeless veterans. Psychol Serv. 2006;3(1):16-24. doi:10.1037/1541-159.3.1.16
30. Penk W, Drebing CE, Rosenheck RA, et al. Veterans Health Administration transitional work experience vs job placement in veterans with co-morbid substance use and non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2010;33(4):297-307. doi:10.2975/3.4.2010.297.307 PubMed
31. Silver E, Teasdale B. Mental disorder and violence: an examination of stressful life events and impaired social support. Soc Probl. 2005;52(1):62-78. doi:10.1525/sp.205.52.1.62 (Pubitemid 40306402)
32. Swanson JW, Swartz MS, Essock SM, et al. The social-environmental context of violent behavior in persons treated for severe mental illness. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(9):1523-1531. doi:10.2105/AJPH.92.9.1523 PubMed (Pubitemid 34921073)
33. Elbogen EB, Van Dorn RA, Swanson JW, et al. Treatment engagement and violence risk in mental disorders. Br J Psychiatry. 2006;189(4):354-360. doi:10.192/bjp.bp.105.017913 PubMed (Pubitemid 44606749)
34. Heilbrun K. Prediction versus management models relevant to risk assessment: the importance of legal decision-making context. Law Hum Behav. 1997;21(4):347-359. doi:10.1023/A:1024851017947 PubMed (Pubitemid 27430625)
35. Manderscheid RW. Helping veterans return: community, family, and job. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2007;21(2):122-124. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.206.12.06 PubMed
36. Goldberg RW, Resnick SG. US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) efforts to promote psychosocial rehabilitation and recovery. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2010;33(4):255-258. doi:10.2975/3.4.2010.25.258 PubMed
37. Ro E, Clark LA. Psychosocial functioning in the context of diagnosis: assessment and theoretical issues. Psychol Assess. 2009;21(3):313-324. doi:10.1037/a0161 PubMed
38. Collins R. Violence: A Micro-Sociological Theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2008.
39. Fox GL, Benson ML, DeMaris AA, et al. Economic distress and intimate violence: Testing family stress and resources theories. J Marriage Fam. 2002;64(3):793-807. doi:10.1/j.1741-3737.202.0793.x
40. Cohn AM, Jakupcak M, Seibert LA, et al. The role of emotion dysregulation in the association between men's restrictive emotionality and use of physical aggression. Psychol Men Masc. 2010;11(1):53-64. doi:10.1037/a018090
41. Denson TF, DeWall CN, Finkel EJ. Self-control and aggression. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2012;21(1):20-25. doi:10.17/096372141429451
42. Roberton T, Daffern M, Bucks RS. Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggress Violent Behav. 2012;17(1):72-82. doi:10.1016/j.avb.201.09.06
43. Vingerhoets A, Nyklíèek I, Denollet J, eds. Emotion Regulation: Conceptual and Clinical Issues. New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media; 2008. doi:10.107/978-0-387-2986-0
44. Defense Manpower Data Center. FY2009 Annual Demographic Profile of Military Members in the Department of Defense and US Coast Guard. Statistical Series Pamphlet No. 08-10. http://www.deomi.org/downloadableFiles/ DeomographicsFY09-DOD-Military-and-Coast%20Guard.pdf. 2010. Accessibility verified April 26, 2012.
45. Dillman DA, Smyth JD, Christian LM. Internet, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method. 3rd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley; 2009.
46. Lehman AF. The well-being of chronic mental patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40(4):369-373. doi:10.101/archpsyc.1983.01790402303 PubMed
47. Ferrans CE, Powers MJ. Psychometric assessment of the Quality of Life Index. Res Nurs Health. 1992;15(1):29-38.
48. Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety. 2003;18(2):76-82. doi:10.102/da.1013 PubMed (Pubitemid 37175584)
49. Straus MA. Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: the Conflict Tactics Scales. J Marriage Fam. 1979;41(1):75-88. doi:10.2307/35173
50. Steadman HJ, Silver E, Monahan J, et al. A classification tree approach to the development of actuarial violence risk assessment tools. Law Hum Behav. 2000;24(1):83-100. doi:10.1023/A:10547820425 PubMed (Pubitemid 30104436)
51. King DW, King LA, Vogt DS. Manual for the Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory (DRRI): A Collection of Measures for Studying Deployment Related Experiences of Military Veterans. Boston, MA: Department of Veterans Affairs; 2003.
52. Davidson JRT, Book SW, Colket JT, et al. Assessment of a new self-rating scale for posttraumatic stress disorder: the Davidson Trauma Scale. Psychol Med. 1997;27:153-160. doi:10.1017/S032917960429 PubMed (Pubitemid 27042727)
53. McDonald SD, Beckham JC, Morey RA, et al. The validity and diagnostic efficiency of the Davidson Trauma Scale in military veterans who have served since September 11th, 2001. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(2):247-255. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.208.07.07 PubMed
54. Bradley KA, Bush KR, McDonell MB, et al. Screening for problem drinking: comparison of CAGE and AUDIT. Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13(6):379-388. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.198.018.x PubMed
55. Millikan AM, Bell MR, Gallaway MS, et al. An epidemiologic investigation of homicides at Fort Carson, Colorado: summary of findings. Mil Med. 2012;177(4):404-411.
56. Monroe SM, Simons AD. Diathesis-stress theories in the context of life stress research: implications for the depressive disorders. Psychol Bull. 1991;110(3):406-425. doi:10.1037/03-2909.10.3.406 PubMed