Bet-hedging-a triple trade-off between means, variances and correlations

Biological Reviews

Volumn 87, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 742-755

  Starrfelt, Jostein ^a,b,c   Kokko, Hanna ^c,d  

^a NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^d AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Bet hedging; Diversification; Environmental variability; Fitness; Uncertainty

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; ECOSYSTEM; EVOLUTION; GENETIC SELECTION; REVIEW; STATISTICAL MODEL;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; ECOSYSTEM; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MODELS, STATISTICAL; SELECTION, GENETIC;

EID: 84863556235     PISSN: 14647931     EISSN: 1469185X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2012.00225.x     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. Aesop (2004) Aesop's Fables. Kessinger Publishing, Whitefish, USA.
2. Ammer, C. (1992). The Methuen Dictionary of Cliches. Methuen, London.
3. Arnqvist, G. & Nilsson, T. (2000). The evolution of polyandry: multiple mating and female fitness in insects. Animal Behaviour 60, 145-164.
4. den Boer, P. J. (1968). Spreading of risk and stabilization of animal numbers. Acta Biotheoretica 18, 165-194.
5. Byrne, P. G. & Keogh, J. S. (2009). Extreme sequential polyandry insures against nest failure in a frog. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, 115-120.
6. Childs, D. Z., Metcalf, C. J. E. & Rees, M. (2010). Evolutionary bet-hedging in the real world: empirical evidence and challenges revealed by plants. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, 3055-3064.
7. Clark, C. W. (1994). Antipredator behavior and the asset-protection principle. Behavioral Ecology 5, 159-170.
8. Clobert, J., Danchin, E., Dhondt, A. A. & Nichols, J. D. (2001). Dispersal. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
9. Cohen, D. (1966). Optimizing reproduction in a randomly varying environment. Journal of Theoretical Biology 12, 119-129.
10. Cooper, W. S. & Kaplan, R. H. (1982). Adaptive coin-flipping-a decision-theoretic examination of natural-selection for random individual variation. Journal of Theoretical Biology 94, 135-151.
11. Crean, A. J. & Marshall, D. J. (2009). Coping with environmental uncertainty: dynamic bet hedging as a maternal effect. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, 1087-1096.
12. Dempster, E. R. (1955). Maintenance of genetic heterogeneity. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 20, 25-32.
13. Einum, S. & Fleming, I. A. (2004). Environmental unpredictability and offspring size: conservative versus diversified bet-hedging. Evolutionary Ecology Research 6, 443-455.
14. Ellner, S. (1986). Germination dimorphisms and parent offspring conflict in seed-germination. Journal of Theoretical Biology 123, 173-185.
15. Forsman, A., Ahnesjo, J. & Caesar, S. (2007). Fitness benefits of diverse offspring in pygmy grasshoppers. Evolutionary Ecology Research 9, 1305-1318.
16. Fox, C. W. & Rauter, C. M. (2003). Bet-hedging and the evolution of multiple mating. Evolutionary Ecology Research 5, 273-286.
17. Frank, S. A. & Slatkin, M. (1990). Evolution in a variable environment. American Naturalist 136, 244-260.
18. Gillespie, J. H. (1974a). Natural-selection for within-generation variance in offspring number. Genetics 76, 601-606.
19. Gillespie, J. H. (1974b). Polymorphism in patchy environments. American Naturalist 108, 145-151.
20. Gillespie, J. H. (1975). Natural-selection for within-generation variance in offspring number. 2. Discrete haploid models. Genetics 81, 403-413.
21. Guillaume, F. & Perrin, N. (2009). Inbreeding load, bet hedging, and the evolution of sex-biased dispersal. American Naturalist 173, 536-541.
22. Hamilton, W. D. & May, R. M. (1977). Dispersal in stable habitats. Nature 269, 578-581.
23. Hasson, O. & Stone, L. (2009). Male infertility, female fertility and extrapair copulations. Biological Reviews 84, 225-244.
24. Hopper, K. R. (1999). Risk-spreading and bet-hedging in insect population biology. Annual Review of Entomology 44, 535-560.
25. Hopper, K. R., Rosenheim, J. A., Prout, T. & Oppenheim, S. J. (2003). Within-generation bet hedging: a seductive explanation? Oikos 101, 219-222.
26. Jennions, M. D. & Petrie, M. (2000). Why do females mate multiply? A review of the genetic benefits. Biological Reviews 75, 21-64.
27. Kaplan, R. H. & Cooper, W. S. (1984). The evolution of developmental plasticity in reproductive characteristics-an application of the adaptive coin-flipping principle. American Naturalist 123, 393-410.
28. King, O. D. & Masel, J. (2007). The evolution of bet-hedging adaptations to rare scenarios. Theoretical Population Biology 72, 560-575.
29. Kisdi, E. (2002). Dispersal: risk spreading versus local adaptation. American Naturalist 159, 579-596.
30. Krug, P. J. (1998). Poecilogony in an estuarine opisthobranch: planktotrophy, lecithotrophy, and mixed clutches in a population of the ascoglossan Alderia modesta. Marine Biology 132, 483-494.
31. Lande, R. (2007). Expected relative fitness and the adaptive topography of fluctuating selection. Evolution 61, 1835-1846.
32. Levene, H. (1953). Genetic equilibrium when more than one ecological niche is available. American Naturalist 87, 331-333.
33. Levins, R. (1968). Evolution in Changing Environments: Some Theoretical Explorations. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
34. Lewontin, R. C. & Cohen, D. (1969). On population growth in a randomly varying environment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 62, 1056-1060.
35. Lynch, M. & Walsh, B. (1998). Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. First Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, USA.
36. Panova, M., Bostrom, J., Hofving, T., Areskoug, T., Eriksson, A., Mehlig, B., Makinen, T., Andre, C. & Johannesson, K. (2010). Extreme female promiscuity in a non-social invertebrate species. PLoS ONE 5, e9640. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009640.
37. Peters, R. H. (1991). A Critique for Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
38. Philippi, T. & Seger, J. (1989). Hedging ones evolutionary bets, revisited. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 4, 41-44.
39. Pigliucci, M. (2001). Phenotypic Plasticity: Beyond Nature and Nurture. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
40. Pöysä, H. & Pesonen, M. (2007). Nest predation and the evolution of conspecific brood parasitism: from risk spreading to risk assessment. American Naturalist 169, 94-104.
41. Proulx, S. R. (2000). The ESS under spatial variation with applications to sex allocation. Theoretical Population Biology 58, 33-47.
42. Proulx, S. R. & Day, T. (2001). What can invasion analyses tell us about evolution under stochasticity in finite populations? Selection 2, 1-15.
43. Rees, M., Metcalf, C. J. E. & Childs, D. Z. (2010). Bet-hedging as an evolutionary game: the trade-off between egg size and number. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, 1149-1151.
44. Rice, S. H. (2004). Evolutionary Theory: Mathematical and Conceptual Foundations. Sinauer Associates, Inc, Sunderland, USA.
45. Rice, S. H. (2008). A stochastic version of the Price equation reveals the interplay of deterministic and stochastic processes in evolution. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8, 262. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-262.
46. Rice, S. H. & Papadopoulos, A. (2009). Evolution with stochastic fitness and stochastic migration. PLoS ONE 4, e7130. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007130.
47. Ronce, O. (2007). How does it feel to be like a rolling stone? Ten questions about dispersal evolution. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38, 231-253.
48. Seger, J. & Brockmann, H. J. (1987). What is bet-hedging? Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology 4, 182-211.
49. Shpak, M. (2005). Evolution of variance in offspring number: the effects of population size and migration. Theory in Biosciences 124, 65-85.
50. Shpak, M. & Proulx, S. R. (2007). The role of life cycle and migration in selection for variance in offspring number. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 69, 837-860.
51. Siewert, W. & Tielborger, K. (2010). Dispersal-dormancy relationships in annual plants: putting model predictions to the test. American Naturalist 176, 490-500.
52. Simons, A. M. (2009). Fluctuating natural selection accounts for the evolution of diversification bet hedging. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, 1987-1992.
53. Slatkin, M. (1974). Hedging ones evolutionary bets. Nature 250, 704-705.
54. Snyder, R. E. (2006). Multiple risk reduction mechanisms: can dormancy substitute for dispersal? Ecology Letters 9, 1106-1114.
55. Venable, D. L. & Lawlor, L. (1980). Delayed germination and dispersal in desert annuals-escape in space and time. Oecologia 46, 272-282.
56. Yasui, Y. (2001). Female multiple mating as a genetic bet-hedging strategy when mate choice criteria are unreliable. Ecological Research 16, 605-616.