Toxicity of melamine and cyanuric acid in broilers and residues in tissues

Human and Experimental Toxicology

Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 174-184

  Ding, X M ^a   Zhang, K Y ^a   Wang, L ^a   Bai, S P ^a  

^a SICHUAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

broilers; cyanuric acid; melamine; pathology; performance; toxicity

Indexed keywords

ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; CYANURIC ACID; INTERLEUKIN 8; MELAMINE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; URIC ACID;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; BROILER; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET; ENZYME ACTIVITY; LIVER TOXICITY; NEPHROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; URIC ACID BLOOD LEVEL;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CHICKENS; INTERLEUKIN-8; KIDNEY; LIVER; MALE; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; TRIAZINES; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; URIC ACID;

EID: 84863353374     PISSN: 09603271     EISSN: 14770903     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0960327111422405     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Interim melamine and analogues safety/risk assessment. Washington, DC: US FDA ; 2007 :
2. Update interim safety and risk assessment of melamine and its analogues in food for humans. Washington, DC: US FDA ; 2008 :
3. Lipschitz W, Stokey E. The mode of action of three new diuretics: melamine, adenine and formoguanamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1945 ; 83: 235-249
4. Hodge HC, P anner BJ, Downs WI, et al. Toxicity of sodium cyanurate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1965 ; 7: 667-674
5. Hammond BG, Barbee SJ, Inoue T. A review of toxicology studies on cyanurate and its chlorinated derivatives. Environ Health Perspect. 1986 ; 69: 287-292 (Pubitemid 17220565)
6. Puschner B, Poppenga RH, Lowenstine LJ. Assessment of melamine and cyanuric acid toxicity in cats. J Vet Diagn.Invest. 2007 ; 19: 616-624 (Pubitemid 351202170)
7. McPheron T. Schaumburg, IL: American Veterinary Medical Association ; May 1, 2007 :
8. Neerman MF, Zhang W, Parrish AR. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a melamine dendrimer as a vehicle for drug delivery. Int J Pharm. 2004 ; 281: 129-132 (Pubitemid 39024270)
9. Peng X, Cui Y, Cui W. The decrease of relative weight, lesions, and apoptosis of Bursa of Fabricius induced by excess dietary selenium in chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2009 ; 131: 33-42
10. Lu XW, Wang J, Wu L, et al. Tissue deposition and residue depletion in lambs exposed to melamine and cyanuric acid-contaminated diets.. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 ; 58: 943-948
11. Yan L, Guo JY, Sun ZW, et al. Melamine residues in tissues of ducks fed diets containing graded levels of melamine. Chin Poult. 2009 ; 31: 16-19
12. Lu MB, Yan L, Guo JY. Melamine residues in tissues of broilers fed diets containing graded levels of melamine. Poult Sci. 2009 ; 88: 2167-2170
13. Clark R. Melamine crystalluria in sheep. J S Afr Vet Med Assoc. 1966 ; 37: 349-351
14. Nilubol D, Pattanaseth T, Boonsri K. Melamine and cyanuric acid-associated renal failure in pigs in Thailand. Vet Pathol. 2009 ; 46: 1156-1159
15. Melnick RL, Boorman GA, Haseman JK. Urolithias is and bladder carcinogenicity of melamine in rodents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 ; 72: 292-303
16. Reimschuessel R, Gieseker CM, Miller RA. Evaluation of the renal effects of experimental feeding of melamine and cyanuric acid to fish and pigs. Am J Vet Res. 2008 ; 69: 1217-1228
17. Brown CA, Jeong KS, Poppenga RH. Outbreaks of renal failure associated with melamine and cyanuric acid in dogs and cats in 2004 and 2007. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2007 ; 19: 525-531 (Pubitemid 351202195)
18. Dobson RL, Motlagh S, Quijano M. Identification and characterization of toxicity of contaminants in pet food leading to an outbreak of renal toxicity in cats and dogs. Toxicol Sci. 2008 ; 106: 251-262
19. Some chemicals that cause tumours of the kidney, or urinary bladder in rodents and some other substances. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1999 ; 73: 329-338
20. Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues Rome, Italy, 3-12 October 2006. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper. 2006 ; 187: 1-400
21. Bermudez A, Zavarize K, Ledoux D
22. Food Drug Administration (FDA). Update: interim safety and risk assessment of melamine and its analogues in food for humans. http://www.Fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodContaminantsAdulteration/ ChemicalContaminants/Melamine/ucm164520.htm. Accessed January 14, 2010.