Nanoparticle-tuned self-organization of a bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cell with enhanced performance

ACS Nano

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 1657-1666

  Liao, Hsueh Chung ^a   Tsao, Cheng Si ^b   Lin, Tsung Han ^a   Jao, Meng Huan ^a   Chuang, Chih Min ^b   Chang, Sheng Yong ^a   Huang, Yu Ching ^b   Shao, Yu Tsun ^a   Chen, Charn Ying ^b   Su, Chun Jen ^c   Jeng, U Ser ^c   Chen, Yang Fang ^a   Su, Wei Fang ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY RESEARCH   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL SYNCHROTRON RADIATION RESEARCH CENTER   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

device performance; inorganic nanoparticle; nanostructure; phase separation; polymer solar cell; small angle X ray scattering

Indexed keywords

ATTRACTIVE STRATEGIES; BULK HETEROJUNCTION; DEVICE PERFORMANCE; ENHANCED PERFORMANCE; EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; FREE ELECTRON; GRAZING INCIDENCE; GRAZING INCIDENCE SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING; HYBRID SOLAR CELLS; INORGANIC NANOPARTICLE; METHYL ESTERS; NANOSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; POLY (3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); POLYMER CHAINS; POLYMER SOLAR CELL; SMALL ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING; SOLAR CELL PERFORMANCE; THERMALLY STABLE; WIDE ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING;

ELECTRON MOBILITY; HETEROJUNCTIONS; NANOSTRUCTURES; PHASE SEPARATION; X RAYS;

NANOPARTICLES;

EID: 84863299110     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn204654h     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Li, G.; Shrotriya, V.; Huang, J.; Yao, Y.; Moriarty, T.; Emery, K.; Yang, Y. High-Efficiency Solution Processable Polymer Photovoltaic Cells by Self-Organization of Polymer Blends Nat. Mater. 2005, 4, 864-868
2. Ma, W.; Yang, C.; Gong, X.; Lee, K.; Heeger, A. J. Thermally Stable, Efficient Polymer Solar Cells with Nanoscale Control of the Interpenetrating Network Morphology Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 1617-1622 (Pubitemid 41454589)
3. Kim, Y.; Cook, S.; Tuladhar, S. M.; Choulis, S. A.; Nelson, J.; Durrant, J. R.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Giles, M.; Mcculloch, I.; Ha, C. S. et al. A Strong Regioregularity Effect in Self-Organizing Conjugated Polymer Films and High-Efficiency Polythiophene:Fullerene Solar Cells Nat. Mater. 2006, 5, 197-203 (Pubitemid 43320634)
4. Wu, J. L.; Chen, F. C.; Hsiao, Y. S.; Chien, F. C.; Chen, P.; Kuo, C. H.; Huang, M. H.; Hsu, C. S. Surface Plasmonic Effects of Metallic Nanoparticles on the Performance of Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells ACS Nano 2011, 5, 959-967
5. Andersson, B. V.; Herland, A.; Masich, S.; Inganas, O. Imaging of the 3D Nanostructure of a Polymer Solar Cell by Electron Tomography Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 853-855
6. Bavel, S. S. V.; Sourty, E.; With, G. D.; Loos, J. Three-Dimensional Nanoscale Organization of Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 507-513
7. Liao, H. C.; Tsao, C. S.; Lin, T. H.; Chuang, C. M.; Chen, C. Y.; Jeng, U. S.; Su, C. H.; Chen, Y. F.; Su, W. F. Quantitative Nanoorganized Structural Evolution for a High Efficiency Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cell J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 13064-13073
8. Wu, W. R.; Jeng, U. S.; Su, C. J.; Wei, K. H.; Su, M. S.; Chiu, M. Y.; Chen, C. Y.; Su, W. B.; Su, C. H.; Su, A. C. Competition between Fullerene Aggregation and Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Crystallization upon Annealing of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells ACS Nano 2011, 5, 6233-6243
9. Chiu, M. Y.; Jeng, U. S.; Su, M. S.; Wei, K. H. Morphologies of Self-Organizing Regioregular Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Aggregates in Thin Film Solar Cells Macromolecules 2010, 43, 428-432
10. Yu, B. Y.; Lin, W. C.; Wang, W. B.; Iida, S. I.; Chen, S. Z.; Liu, C. Y.; Kuo, C. H.; Lee, S. H.; Kao, W. L.; Yen, G. J. et al. Effect of Fabrication Parameters on Three-Dimensional Nanostructures of Bulk Heterojunctions Imaged by High-Resolution Scanning ToF-SIMS ACS Nano 2010, 4, 833-840
11. Nguyen, L. H.; Hoppe, H.; Erb, T.; Gunes, S.; Gobsch, G.; Sariciftci, N. S. Effects of Annealing on the Nanomorphology and Performance of Poly(alkylthiophene):Fullerene Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 1071-1078 (Pubitemid 46762594)
12. Li, G.; Yao, Y.; Yang, H.; Shrotriya, V.; Yang, G.; Yang, Y. "Solvent Annealing" Effect in Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Methanofullerenes Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 1636-1644 (Pubitemid 47116536)
13. Zhao, Y.; Guo, X.; Xie, Z.; Qu, Y.; Geng, Y.; Wang, L. Solvent Vapor-Induced Self Assembly and Its Influence on Optoelectronic Conversion of Poly(3-hexylthiophene):Methanofullerene Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009, 111, 1799-1804
14. Miller, S.; Fanchini, G.; Lin, Y. Y.; Li, C.; Chen, C. W.; Su, W. F.; Chhowalla, M. Investigation of Nanoscale Morphological Changes in Organic Photovoltaics during Solvent Vapor Annealing J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 306-312
15. Bull, T. A.; Pingree, L. S. C.; Jenekhe, S. A.; Ginger, D. S.; Luscombe, C. K. The Role of Mesoscopic PCBM Crystallites in Solvent Vapor Annealed Copolymer Solar Cells ACS Nano 2009, 3, 627-636
16. 2 Nanopores Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2009, 93, 1587-1591
17. Huang, J. S.; Chou, C. Y.; Liu, M. Y.; Tsai, K. H.; Lin, W. H.; Lin, C. F. Solution-Processed Vanadium Oxide as an Anode Interlayer for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells Hybridized with ZnO Nanorods Org. Electron. 2009, 10, 1060-1065
18. 3 Hole Selective Layer Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 221107
19. Yu, H. K.; Dong, W. J.; Jung, G. H.; Lee, J. L. Three-Dimensional Nanobranched Indium Tin-Oxide Anode for Organic Solar Cells ACS Nano 2011, 5, 8026-8032
20. 2 Nanorod Hybrid Solar Cells J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 4097-4102
21. 2 Nanorod Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3644-3649
22. Beek, W. J. E.; Wienk, M. M.; Janssen, R. A. J. Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells From Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and a Conjugated Polymer Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, 1009-1013
23. Huyhh, W. U.; Dittmer, J. J.; Alivisatos, A. P. Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cells Science 2002, 295, 2425-2427 (Pubitemid 34270250)
24. Atwater, H. A.; Polman, A. Plasmonics for Improved Photovoltaic Devices Nat. Mater. 2010, 9, 205-213
25. Wang, D. H.; Kim, D. Y.; Choi, K. W.; Seo, J. H.; Im, S. H.; Park, J. H.; Park, O. O.; Heeger, A. J. Enhancement of Donor-Acceptor Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell Power Conversion Efficiencies by Addition of Au Nanoparticles Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 5519-5523
26. 60 Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 203113
27. Lee, J. Y.; Peumans, P. The Origin of Enhanced Optical Absorption in Solar Cells with Metal Nanoparticles Embedded in the Active Layer Opt. Express 2010, 18, 10078-10087
28. Topp, K.; Borchert, H.; Johnen, F.; Tunc, A. V.; Knipper, M.; Hauff, E. V.; Parisi, J.; Al-Shamery, K. Impact of the Incorporation of Au Nanoparticles into Polymer/Fullerene Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. A 2010, 114, 3981-3989
29. Verploegen, E.; Mondal, R.; Bettinger, C. J.; Sok, S.; Toney, M. F.; Bao, Z. Effects of Thermal Annealing upon the Morphology of Polymer-Fullerene Blends Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 3519-3529
30. Shin, M.; Kim, H.; Park, J.; Nam, S.; Heo, K.; Ree, M.; Ha, C. S.; Kim, Y. Abrupt Morphology Change upon Thermal Annealing in Poly(3-hexylthiophene)/ Soluble Fullerene Blend Films for Polymer Solar Cells Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 748-754
31. Cates, N. C.; Gysel, R.; Beiley, Z.; Miller, C. E.; Toney, M. F.; Heeney, M.; McCulloch, I.; McGehee, M. D. Tuning the Properties of Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells by Adjusting Fullerene Size To Control Intercalation Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 4153-4157
32. Mayer, A. C.; Toney, M. F.; Scully, S. R.; Rivnay, S. J.; Brabec, C. J.; Scharber, M.; Koppe, M.; Heeney, M.; McCulloch, I.; McGehee, M. D. Bimolecular Crystals of Fullerenes in Conjugated Polymers and the Implications of Molecular Mixing for Solar Cells Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 1173-1179
33. Huang, Y. C.; Tsao, C. S.; Chuang, C. M.; Lee, C. H.; Hsu, F. H.; Cha, H. C.; Chen, C. Y.; Lin, T. H.; Su, C. J.; Jeng, U.; et al. Characterization of Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells with Different Fullerene Derivatives. J. Phys. Chem. C, submitted for publication.
34. Kiel, J. W.; Eberle, A. P. R; Mackay, M. E. Nanoparticle Agglomeration in Polymer-Based Solar Cells Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105, 168701
35. Griffith, W. L.; Triolo, R.; Compere, A. L. Analytical Scattering Function of a Polydisperse Percus-Yevick Fluid with Schulz- (λ-) Distributed Diameters Phys. Rev. A 1987, 35, 2200-2206
36. Kline, S. R. J. Reduction and Analysis of SANS and USANS Data Using IGOR Pro J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2006, 39, 895-900
37. Wu, Y.; Wadia, C.; Ma, W.; Sadtler, B.; Alivisatos, A. P. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Application of Copper(I) Sulfide Nanocrystals Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 2551-2555
38. Liu, I. S.; Lo, H. H.; Chien, C. T.; Lin, Y. Y.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, Y. F.; Su, W. F.; Liou, S. C. Enhancing Photoluminescence Quenching and Photoelectric Properties of CdSe Quantum Dots with Hole Accepting Ligands J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 675-682
39. Wu, M. C.; Liao, H. C.; Chou, Y.; Hsu, C. P.; Yen, W. C.; Chuang, C. M.; Lin, Y. Y.; Chen, C. W.; Chen, Y. F.; Su, W. F. Manipulation of Nanoscale Phase Separation and Optical Properties of P3HT/PMMA Polymer Blends for Photoluminescent Electron Beam Resist J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114, 10277-10284