Development of a short form Social Interaction Anxiety (SIAS) and Social Phobia Scale (SPS) using nonparametric item response theory: The SIAS-6 and the SPS-6

Psychological Assessment

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 66-76

  Peters, Lorna ^a   Sunderland, Matthew ^b   Andrews, Gavin ^b   Rapee, Ronald M ^a   Mattick, Richard P ^c  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Item response theory; Short screening tools; Social interaction anxiety; Social phobia; Validity

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; COGNITIVE THERAPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CONVERGENT VALIDITY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL PATIENT; NAMED INVENTORIES, QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES; NONPARAMETRIC ITEM RESPONSE THEORY; PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SCORING SYSTEM; SCREENING TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SOCIAL INTERACTION ANXIETY SCALE; SOCIAL INTERACTION ANXIETY SCALE 6; SOCIAL PHOBIA; SOCIAL PHOBIA SCALE; SOCIAL PHOBIA SCALE 6; STUDENT; THEORY; VALIDATION STUDY; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; HUMAN RELATION; MIDDLE AGED; NONPARAMETRIC TEST; PHOBIA; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOMETRY; SELF REPORT; STANDARD; STATISTICS; TIME; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; PHOBIC DISORDERS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMETRICS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; SELF REPORT; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84863091471     PISSN: 10403590     EISSN: 1939134X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0024544     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10, 176-181. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176
3. Aydos, L., Titov, N., Andrews, G. (2009). Shyness 5: The clinical effectiveness of Internet-based clinician-assisted treatment of social phobia. Australasian Psychiatry, 17, 488-492. doi:10.1080/10398560903284943
4. Beevers, C. G., Strong, D. R., Meyer, B., & Pikonis, P. A. (2007). Efficiently assessing negative cognition in depression: An item response theory analysis of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale. Psychological Assessment, 19, 199-209. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.2.199
5. Bock, R. D. (1972). Estimating item parameters and latent ability when responses are scored in two or more nominal categories. Psychometrika, 37, 29-51. doi:10.1007/BF02291411
6. Brown, E. J., Turovsky, J., Heimberg, R. G., Juster, H. R., Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1997). Validation of the Social Interaction and Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Scale across the anxiety disorders. Psychological Assessment, 9, 21-27. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.9.1.21
7. Browne, M. W., MacCallum, R. C., Kim, C. T., Anderson, B. L., & Glaser, R. (2002). When fit indices and the residuals are incompatible. Psychological Methods, 7, 403-421. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.403
8. Coste, J., Guillemin, F., Pouchot, J., & Fermanian, J. (1997). Methodological approaches to shortening composite measurement scales. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 50, 247-252. doi:10.1016/S0895-4356(96)00363-0
9. Di Nardo, P., Brown, T., & Barlow, D. (1994). Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV-Lifetime version. Albany, NY: Graywind.
10. Embretson, S. E., & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item response theory for psychologists. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
11. Gaston, J. E., Abbott, M. J., Rapee, R. M., & Neary, S. A. (2006). Do empirically supported treatments generalize to private practice? A benchmark study of a cognitive-behavioural group treatment programme for social phobia. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45, 33-48. doi:10.1348/014466505X35146
12. Griner, P. F., Mayewski, R. J., Mushlin, A. I., & Greenland, P. (1981). Selection and interpretation of diagnostic tests and procedures. Annals of Internal Medicine, 94, 555-600.
13. Hanley, J. A., & McNeil, B. J. (1982). The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology, 143, 29-36.
14. Hays, R. D., Morales, L. S., & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item response theory and health outcomes measurement in the 21st century. Medical Care, 38(9, Suppl. 2), II28-II42.
15. Heimberg, R. G. Mueller, G. P., Holt, C. S., Hope, D. A., & Liebowitz, M. R. (1992). Assessment of anxiety in social situations and being observed by others: The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Scale. Behavior Therapy, 23, 53-73. doi:10.1016/S0005- 7894(05)80308-9
16. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3, 424-453. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424
17. Jöreskog, K. G. (1990). New developments in LISREL: Analysis of ordinal variables using polychoric correlations and weighted least squares. Quality and Quantity, 24, 387-404. doi:10.1007/BF00152012
18. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (2006). LISREL 8.8 for Windows [Computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific International.
19. Leary, M. (1983). A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9, 371-375. doi:10.1177/ 0146167283093007
20. Lei, P.-W., Dunbar, S. B., & Kolen, M. J. (2004). A comparison of parametric and nonparametric approaches to item analysis for multiple- choice tests. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64, 565-587. doi:10.1177/0013164403261760
21. Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emo- tional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 335-343. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
22. Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 455-470. doi:10.1016/S0005- 7967(97)10031-6
23. Mattick, R. P., & Peters, L. (1988). Treatment of severe social phobia: Effects of guided exposure with and without cognitive restructuring. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 251-260. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.56.2.251
24. Mattick, R. P., Peters, L., & Clarke, J. C. (1989). Exposure and cognitive restructuring for severe social phobia: A controlled study. Behavior Therapy, 20, 3-23. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(89)80115-7
25. Meijer, R. R., & Baneke, J. J. (2004). Analyzing psychopathology items: A case for nonparametric item response theory modeling. Psychological Methods, 9, 354-368. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.9.3.354
26. Olivares, J., Garcia-Lopez, L. J., & Hidalgo, M. D. (2001). The Social Phobia Scale and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale: Factor structure and reliability in a Spanish-speaking population. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 19, 69-80. doi:10.1177/073428290101900105
27. Osman, A., Gutierrez, P. M., Barrios, F. X., Kopper, B. A., & Chiros, C. E. (1998). The Social Phobia and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale: Eval- uation of psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 20, 249-264. doi:10.1023/A:1023067302227
28. Peters, L. (2000). Discriminant validity of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS) and the Social Inter- action Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 943-950. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00131-X
29. Ramsay, J. O. (1991). Kernel-smoothing approaches to nonparametric item characteristic curve estimation. Psychometrika, 56, 611-630. doi: 10.1007/BF02294494
30. Ramsay, J. O. (2000). Testgraf: A program for the graphical analysis of multiple choice test and questionnaire data. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychology, McGill University.
31. Rapee, R., Abbott, M., Baillie, A., & Gaston, J. (2007). Treatment of social phobia through pure self-help and therapist-augmented self-help. British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 246-252. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.028167
32. Rapee, R., Gaston, J., & Abbott, M. (2009). Testing the efficacy of theoretically-derived improvements in the treatment of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 317-327. doi: 10.1037/a0014800
33. Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests. Copenhagen, Denmark: Paedagogiske Institut.
34. Ries, B. J., McNeil, D. W., Boone, M. L., Turk, C. L., Carter, L. E., & Heimberg, R. G. (1998). Assessment of contemporary social phobia verbal report instruments. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 983- 994. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00078-3
35. Roberson-Nay, R., Strong, D. R., Nay, W. T., & Beidel, D. C. (2007). Development of an abbreviated Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) using item response theory: The SPAI-23. Psychological Assess- ment, 19, 133-145. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.1.133
36. Rodebaugh, T. L., Woods, C. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). The reverse of social anxiety is not always the opposite: The reverse-scored items of the social interaction anxiety scale do not belong. Behavior Therapy, 38, 192-206. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.08.001
37. Samejima, F. (1979). A new family of models for the multiple-choice item (Research Report 79-4). Knoxville, TN: Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee.
38. Samejima, F. (1998). Efficient nonparametric approaches for estimating the operating characteristics of discrete item responses. Psychometrika, 63, 111-130. doi:10.1007/BF02294770
39. Santor, D. A., & Ramsay, J. O. (1998). Progress in the technology of measurement: Application of item response theory. Psychological Assessment, 10, 345-359. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.10.4.345
40. Sheehan, D. V., Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, K. H., Amorim, P., Janavs, J., Weiller, E., Dunbar, G. C. (1998). The Mini-International Neu- ropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl. 20), 22-33.
41. Stout, W. F. (1990). A new item response theory modeling approach with applications to unidimensionality assessment and ability estimation. Psychometrika, 55, 293-325. doi:10.1007/BF02295289
42. Titov, N., Andrews, G., Choi, I., Schwencke, G., & Johnston, L. (2009). Randomized controlled trial of web-based treatment of social phobia without clinician guidance. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 913-919. doi:10.1080/00048670903179160
43. Titov, N., Andrews, G., Choi, I., Schwencke, G., & Mahoney, A. (2008). Shyness 3: An RCT of guided vs. unguided Internet based CBT for social phobia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 1030-1040. doi:10.1080/00048670802512107
44. Titov, N., Andrews, G., & Schwencke, G. (2008). Shyness 2: Treating social phobia online: Replication and extension. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 595-605. doi:10.1080/ 00048670802119820
45. Titov, N., Andrews, G., Schwencke, G., & Drobny, J. (2008). Shyness 1: Distance treatment for social over the Internet. A randomized controlled trial. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 585-594. doi:10.1080/00048670802119762
46. Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448- 457.