Turbulence regimes and turbulence intermittency in the stable boundary layer: During CASES-99

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 338-351

  Sun, Jielun ^a   Mahrt, Larry ^b   Banta, Robert M ^c   Pichugina, Yelena L ^c  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Boundary layer; Mixing; Turbulence; Wind shear

Indexed keywords

CASES-99; COOPERATIVE ATMOSPHERE-SURFACE EXCHANGE STUDIES; DOWNBURSTS; LOCAL GRADIENTS; LOCAL INSTABILITY; LOW LEVEL JET; NEAR-NEUTRAL CONDITIONS; RICHARDSON NUMBER; STABLE BOUNDARY LAYER; STRONG TURBULENCE; TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION; TOPDOWN; TURBULENCE GENERATION; TURBULENCE INTERMITTENCY; TURBULENCE STRENGTH; TURBULENT MIXING; WEAK TURBULENCE; WIND CONDITIONS; WIND SHEAR; WIND SPEED;

BOUNDARY LAYERS; MIXING; SPEED; TURBULENCE; WIND EFFECTS;

ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS;

AIR TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY LAYER; JET STREAM; RICHARDSON NUMBER; STRATIFICATION; TURBULENCE; WIND VELOCITY;

EID: 84862907835     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-082.1     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Acevedo, O. C., and D. R. Fitzjarrald, 2003: In the core of the night-Effects of intermittent mixing on a horizontally heterogeneous surfaces. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 106, 1-33.
2. Balsley, B., D. Fritts, R. Frehlich, R. M. Jones, S. Vadas, and R. Coulter, 2002: Up-gully flow in the great plains region: A mechanism for perturbing the nighttime lower atmosphere? Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1931, doi:10.1029/2002GL015435.
3. Balsley, B., D., R. G. Frehlich, M. L. Jensen, Y. Meillier, and A. Muschinski, 2003: Extreme gradients in the nocturnal boundary layer: Structure, evolution, and potential causes. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2496-2508.
4. Banta, R. M., 2008: Stable-boundary-layer regimes from the perspective of the low-level jet. Acta Geophys., 56, 58-87.
5. Banta, R. M., R.K.Newsom, J. K. Lundquist, Y. L. Pichugina, R. L.Coulter, and L. Mahrt, 2002: Nocturnal low-level jet characteristics over Kansas during CASES-99. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 105, 221-252.
6. Banta, R. M., Y. L. Pichugina, and R. K. Newsom, 2003: Relationship between low-level jet properties and turbulence kinetic energy in the nocturnal stable boundary layer. J.Atmos. Sci., 60, 2549-2555.
7. Banta, R. M., Y. L. Pichugina, and W. A. Brewer, 2006: Turbulent velocity-variance profiles in the stably boundary layer generated by a nocturnal low-level jet. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 63, 2700-2719.
8. Banta, R. M., L. Mahrt, D. Vickers, J. Sun, B. B. Balsley, Y. L. Pichugina, and E. J. Williams, 2007: The very stable boundary layer on nights with weak low-level jets. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3068-3091.
9. Blumen, W., R. Banta, S. P. Burns, D. C. Fritts, R. Newsom, G. S. Poulos, and J. Sun, 2001: Turbulence statistics of a Kelvin-Helmholtz billow event observed in the night-time boundary layer during the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study field program. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 34, 189-204.
10. Burns, S. P., and J. Sun, 2000: Thermocouple temperature measurements from the CASES-99 main tower. Preprints, 14th Symp. on Boundary Layer and Turbulence, Snowmass, CO, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 358-361.
11. Canuto, V. M., 2002: Critical Richardson numbers and gravity waves. Astron. Astrophys., 384, 1119-1123.
12. 3 concentrations before and after a gust front passage. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4176, doi:10.1029/2001JD000996.
13. Doran, J. C., 2004: Characteristics of intermittent turbulent temperature fluxes in stable conditions. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 112, 241-255.
14. Drue, C., and G. Heinemann, 2007: Characteristics of intermittent turbulence in the upper stable boundary layer over Greenland. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 124, 361-381.
15. Einaudi, F., and J. J. Finnigan, 1993: Wave-turbulence dynamics in the stably stratified boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1841-1864.
16. Fritts, D. C., C. Nappo, D. M. Riggin, B. B. Balsley, W. E. Eichinger, and R. K Newsom, 2003: Analysis of ducted motions in the stable nocturnal boundary layer during CASES-99. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2450-2472.
17. Galperin, B., S. Sukoriansky, and P. S. Anderson, 2007: On the critical Richardson number in stably stratified turbulence. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 8, 65-69, doi:10.1002/asl.153.
18. Glickman, T. S., 2000: Glossary of Meteorology. 2nd ed. American Meteorological Society, 855 pp.
19. Grachev, A. A., C. W. Fairall, P. Ola, G. Persson, E. L Andreas, and P. S. Guest, 2005: Stable boundary-layer scaling regimes: The Sheba data. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 116, 201-235.
20. Grund, C. J., R. M. Banta, J. L. George, J. N. Howell, M. J. Post, R. A. Richter, and A. M. Weickmann, 2001: High-resolution Doppler lidar for boundary-layer and cloud research. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 18, 376-393.
21. Holtslag, A. A. M., and H. A. R. De Bruin, 1988: Applied modeling of nighttime surface energy balance over land. J. Appl. Meteor., 27, 689-704.
22. Howell, J. F., and J. Sun, 1999: Surface-layer fluxes in stable conditions. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 90, 495-520.
23. Mahrt, L., 1999: Stratified atmospheric boundary layers. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 90, 375-396.
24. Mahrt, L., 2008: Bulk formulation of surface fluxes extended to weakwind stable conditions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134, 1-10.
25. Mahrt, L., 2010a: Computing turbulent fluxes near the surface: Needed improvements. Agric. For. Meteor., 150, 501-509.
26. Mahrt, L., 2010b: Variability and maintenance of turbulence in the very stable boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 135, 1-18.
27. Mahrt, L., and D. Vickers, 2006: Extremely weak mixing in stable conditions. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 119, 19-39.
28. Mahrt, L., J. Sun, W. Blumen, T. Delany, and S. Oncley, 1998: Nocturnal boundary-layer regimes. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 88, 255-278.
29. McNider, R. T., D. E. England, M. J. Friedman, and X. Shi, 1995: Predictability of the stable atmospheric boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1602-1614.
30. Meillier, Y. P., R. G. Frehlich, R. M. Jones, and B. B. Balsley, 2008:Modulation of small-scale turbulence by ducted gravity waves in the nocturnal boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 1414-1427.
31. Newsom, R. K., and R. M. Banta, 2003: Shear-flow instability in the stable nocturnal boundary layer as observed by Doppler lidar during CASES-99. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 16-33.
32. Panofsky, H. A., and R. A. McCormick, 1960: The spectrum of vertical velocity near the surface. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 86, 495-503.
33. Pichugina, Y. L., R. M. Banta, N. D. Kelley, B. J. Jonkman, S. C. Tucker, R. K. Newsom, and W. A. Brewer, 2008: Horizontalvelocity and variance measurements in the stable boundary layer using Doppler lidar: Sensitivity to averaging procedures. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 25, 1307-1327.
34. Poulos, G. S., and Coauthors, 2002: CASES-99-A comprehensive investigation of the stable nocturnal boundary layer. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 555-581.
35. Sun, J., 2011: Vertical variations of mixing lengths under neutral and stable conditions during CASES-99. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 2030-2041.
36. Sun, J., and Coauthors, 2002: Intermittent turbulence associated with a density current passage in the stable boundary layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 105, 199-219.
37. Sun, J., and Coauthors, 2004: Atmospheric disturbances that generate intermittent turbulence in nocturnal boundary layers. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 110, 255-279.
38. Van de Wiel, B. J. H., A. F. Moene, O. K. Hartogensis, H. A. R. D. Bruin, and A. A. M. Holtslag, 2003: Intermittent turbulence in the stable boundary layer over land. Part III: A classification for observations during CASES-99. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2509-2522.
39. Vickers, D., and L. Mahrt, 2003: The cospectral gap and turbulent flux calculations. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 660-672.
40. Vickers, D., and L. Mahrt, 2006: A solution for flux contamination by mesoscale motions with very weak turbulence. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 118, 431-447.
41. Zilitinkevich, S. S., T. Elperin, N. Kleeorin, and I. Rogachevskii, 2007: Energy- and flux-budget (EFB) turbulence closure model for stably stratified flows. Part I: Steady-state, homogeneous regimes. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 125, 167-191.