Effect of borates on thermal degradation and flame retardancy of epoxy resins using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as a curing agent

Thermochimica Acta

Volumn 535, Issue , 2012, Pages 71-78

  Yang, Hongyu ^a,b   Wang, Xin ^a   Yu, Bin ^a   Song, Lei ^a   Hu, Yuan ^a   Yuen, Richard K K ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA   (China)

^b CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Epoxy resin; Flame retardant mechanism; Flammability; Synergism

Indexed keywords

CHAR RESIDUES; CHEMICAL COMPONENT; CROSSLINKING REACTION; CURING AGENTS; FLAME RETARDANCY; FLAME RETARDANT MECHANISM; FLAME-RETARDANT MECHANISMS; LIMITING OXYGEN INDEX; MICROSCALE COMBUSTION; PEAK HEAT RELEASE RATES; POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANES; REAL-TIME FT-IR; SYNERGISM; TG-FT-IR; TOTAL HEAT RELEASE;

BORON; CROSSLINKING; CURING; DEGRADATION; EPOXY RESINS; FLAMMABILITY; OLIGOMERS;

RESINS;

EID: 84862816766     PISSN: 00406031     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2012.02.021     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. G.Z. Jiang, S.J. Pickering, E.H. Lester, and N.A. Warrior Decomposition of epoxy resin in supercritical isopropanol Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49 2010 4535 4541
2. F.R. Mustata, and N. Tudorachi Epoxy resins cross-linked with rosin adduct derivatives. Cross-linking and thermal behaviors Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49 2010 12414 12422
3. C.S. Wu, Y.L. Liu, and Y.S. Chiu Thermal stability of epoxy resins containing flame retardant components: an evaluation with thermogravimetric analysis Polym. Degrad. Stab. 78 2002 41 48 (Pubitemid 34867950)
4. P. Jyotishkumar, J. Pionteck, R. Hssler, S.M. George, U. Cvelbar, and S. Thomas Studies on stress relaxation and thermomechanical properties of poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) modified epoxy-amine systems Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50 2011 4432 4440
5. I.N. Jan, T.M. Lee, K.C. Chiou, and J.J. Lin Comparisons of physical properties of intercalated and exfoliated clay/epoxy nanocomposites Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 44 2005 2086 2090
6. G. Camino, L. Costa, and G. Martinasso Intumescent fire-retardant systems Polym. Degrad. Stab. 23 1989 359 376
7. R. Liu, and X.D. Wang Synthesis characterization, thermal properties and flame retardancy of a novel nonflammable phosphazene-based epoxy resin Polym. Degrad. Stab. 94 2009 617 624
8. M. Hussain, R.J. Varley, M. Zenka, and G.P. Simon Synthesis thermal behavior, and cone calorimetry of organophosphorus epoxy materials J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 90 2003 3696 3707 (Pubitemid 37397656)
9. A. Toldy, N. Toth, P. Anna, G. Keglevich, K. Kiss, and G. Marosi Flame retardancy of epoxy resin with phosphorus-containing reactive amine and clay minerals Polym. Adv. Technol. 17 2006 778 781 (Pubitemid 44883660)
10. S. Seibold, A. Schafer, W. Lohstroh, O. Walter, and M. Doring Phosphorus-containing terephthaldialdehyde adducts-structure determination and their application as flame retardants in epoxy resins J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 108 2008 264 271 (Pubitemid 351363288)
11. Y.L. Chang, Y.Z. Wang, D.M. Ban, B. Yang, and G.M. Zhao A novel phosphorus-containing polymer as a highly effective flame retardant Macromol. Mater. Eng. 289 2004 703 707
12. W.F. Shi, and X.E. Cheng Synthesis and thermal properties of silicon-containing epoxy resin used for UV-curable flame-retardant coatings J. Thermal. Anal. Calorim. 103 2011 303 310
13. L.L. Zhang, A.H. Liu, and X.R. Zeng Flame-retardant epoxy resin from a caged bicyclic phosphate quadridentate silicon complex J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 111 2009 168 174
14. X.H. Zhang, H.M. Wan, Y.Q. Min, Z. Fang, and G.R. Qi Synthesis and thermal properties of a novel nitrogen-containing epoxy resin Chin. Chem. Lett. 16 2005 547 550 (Pubitemid 43872398)
15. S.K. Srivastava, A.K. Sahoo, K. Bindumadhavan, S.K. Manu, B.B. Nayak, K. Biswas, A.K. Saxena, and R. Singh Reinforcement of ball shaped MoS(2) nanoparticles in epoxy resin J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10 2010 8171 8179
16. Q.L. Tai, Y. Hu, R.K.K. Yuen, L. Song, and H.D. Lu Synthesis structure-property relationships of polyphosphoramides with high char residues J. Mater. Chem. 21 2011 6621 6627
17. C. Martin, G. Lligadas, J.C. Ronda, M. Galia, and V. Cadiz Synthesis of novel boron-containing epoxy-novolac resins and properties of cured products J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. 44 2006 6332 6344 (Pubitemid 44671157)
18. M.V. Kahraman, Y. Mulazim, N.K. Apohan, S. Kiziltas, and A. Gungor Preparation and characterization of UV-curable boron-containing, transparent hybrid coatings J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 120 2011 2112 2121
19. J. Artner, M. Ciesielski, O. Walter, M. Doring, R.M. Perez, J.K.W. Sandler, V. Altstadt, and B. Schartel A novel DOPO-based diamine as hardener and flame retardant for epoxy resin systems Macromol. Mater. Eng. 293 2008 503 514
20. M. Ciesielski, A. Schafer, and M. Doring Novel efficient DOPO-based flame-retardants for PWB relevant epoxy resins with high glass transition temperatures Polym. Adv. Technol. 19 2008 507 515
21. X. Wang, Y. Hu, L. Song, H.Y. Yang, W.Y. Xing, and H.D. Lu Synthesis and characterization of a DOPO-substituted organophosphorus oligomer and its application in flame retardant epoxy resins Prog. Org. Coat. 71 2011 72 82
22. H.H. Wu, and P.P. Chu Highly thermally stable novolac derivatives and their properties in epoxy composites J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 113 2009 3782 3790
23. R.H. Baney, M. Itoh, A. Sakakibara, and T. Suzuki Silsesquioxanes. Chem. Rev. 95 1995 1409 1430
24. Z.P. Zhang, G.Z. Liang, and T.L. Lu Synthesis and characterization of cage octa(aminopropylsilsesquioxane) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 103 2007 2608 2614
25. S.Y. Lu, and I. Hamerton Recent developments in the chemistry of halogen-free flame retardant polymers Prog. Polym. Sci. 27 2002 1661 1712 (Pubitemid 34811634)
26. C. Martin, J.C. Ronda, and V. Cadiz Boron-containing novolac resins as flame retardant materials Polym. Degrad. Stab. 91 2006 747 754 (Pubitemid 43052743)
27. X.H. Zhang, F. Liu, S. Chen, and G.R. Qi Novel flame retardant thermosets from nitrogen-containing and phosphorus-containing epoxy resins cured with dicyandiamide J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 106 2007 2391 2397 (Pubitemid 47549298)
28. X. Wang, Y. Hu, L. Song, W.Y. Xing, and H.D. Lu Thermal degradation behaviors of epoxy resin/POSS hybrids and phosphorus-silicon synergism of flame retardancy J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys. 48 2010 693 705
29. X.D. Qian, L. Song, Y. Hu, R.K.K. Yuen, L.J. Chen, Y.Q. Guo, N.N. Hong, and S.H. Jiang Combustion and thermal degradation mechanism of a novel intumescent flame retardant for epoxy acrylate containing phosphorus and nitrogen Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50 2011 1881 1892
30. J. Paciorek-Sadowska, B. Czuprynski, and J. Liszkowska Studies on effect of tri(2-hydroxypropyl), tri(2-hydroxybutyl) and tri(hydroxythiodiethylene) borates on thermal and heat properties of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams Chin. J. Chem. 24 2006 1796 1799
31. B. Czuprynski, J. Paciorek-Sadowska, and J. Liszkowska The effect of tri(1-chloro-3-etoxy-propane-2-ol) borate on the properties of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams Polimery-W 47 2002 727 729
32. M. Narisawa, R. Sumimoto, and K. Kita Evaluation of oxidation resistance of thin continuous silicon oxycarbide fiber derived from silicone resin with low carbon content J. Mater. Sci. 45 2010 5642 5648
33. R.R. Baker, S. Coburn, C. Liu, and J. Tetteh Pyrolysis of saccharide tobacco ingredients: a TGA-FTIR investigation J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 74 2005 171 180 (Pubitemid 40743547)
34. B. Schartel, U. Braun, M.A. Fichera, and C. Jager Flame retardancy mechanisms of aluminium phosphinate in combination with melamine polyphosphate and zinc borate in glass-fibre reinforced polyamide 6,6 Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92 2007 1528 1545 (Pubitemid 47176673)
35. K. Wu, L. Song, Y. Hu, H.D. Lu, B.K. Kandola, and E. Kandare Synthesis and characterization of a functional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and its flame retardancy in epoxy resin Prog. Org. Coat. 65 2009 490 497