Calcinosis cutis in autoimmune connective tissue diseases

Dermatologic Therapy

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 195-206

  Gutierrez, Albert ^a   Wetter, David A ^b  

^a MAYO CLINIC COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Autoimmune connective tissue disease; Calcinosis cutis; Dermatomyositis; Lupus erythematosus; Systemic sclerosis

Indexed keywords

ALENDRONIC ACID; ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE; CEFTRIAXONE; COLCHICINE; CORTICOSTEROID; DILTIAZEM; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE; ETIDRONIC ACID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MINOCYCLINE; PROBENECID; SODIUM THIOSULFATE; WARFARIN;

AUTOIMMUNE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; CALCIUM BLOOD LEVEL; CARBON DIOXIDE LASER; CHRONIC DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DERMATOMYOSITIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG MECHANISM; ENZYME BLOOD LEVEL; ERBIUM YAG LASER; EXCISION; EXTRACORPOREAL LITHOTRIPSY; HUMAN; JUVENILE DERMATOMYOSITIS; LOW DRUG DOSE; MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; ONSET AGE; PANNICULITIS; PARATHYROID HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; PATHOGENESIS; PHOSPHATE BLOOD LEVEL; PHYSIOTHERAPY; POLYMYOSITIS; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SKIN BIOPSY; SKIN CALCIFICATION; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS; TREATMENT DURATION; VITAMIN D METABOLISM; WOUND CARE;

EID: 84862542749     PISSN: 13960296     EISSN: 15298019     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01492.x     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Touart DM, Sau P. Cutaneous deposition diseases. Part II. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998: 39 (4 Pt 1): 527-544. (Pubitemid 28465875)
2. Boulman N, Slobodin G, Rozenbaum M, Rosner I. Calcinosis in rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2005: 34 (6): 805-812. (Pubitemid 40732455)
3. Pugashetti R, Shinkai K, Ruben BS, Grossman ME, Maldonado J, Fox LP. Calcium may preferentially deposit in areas of elastic tissue damage. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011: 64 (2): 296-301. Epub 2010 Nov 26.
4. Walsh JS, Fairley JA. Calcifying disorders of the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995: 33 (5 Pt 1): 693-706.
5. Balin SJ, Wetter DA, Andersen LK, Davis MD. Calcinosis cutis occurring in association with autoimmune connective tissue disease: the Mayo Clinic experience with 78 patients, 1996-2009. Arch Dermatol 2012: 148: 455-462. [Epfub ahead of print].
6. Robertson LP, Marshall RW, Hickling P. Treatment of cutaneous calcinosis in limited systemic sclerosis with minocycline. Ann Rheum Dis 2003: 62 (3): 267-269. (Pubitemid 36238096)
7. Raimer SS, Archer ME, Jorizzo JL. Metastatic calcinosis cutis. Cutis 1983: 32 (5): 463-465, 483.
8. Silver RM. Clinical aspects of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Ann Rheum Dis 1991: 50 (Suppl. 4): 854-861.
9. Makol A, Ytterberg SR. Images in clinical medicine: calcinosis cutis in systemic sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011: 364 (23): 2245.
10. Kawakami T, Soma Y, Mizoguchi M, Saito R. Immunohistochemical expression of transforming growth factor beta3 in calcinosis in a patient with systemic sclerosis and CREST syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2000: 143 (5): 1098-1100.
11. Fisler RE, Liang MG, Fuhlbrigge RC, Yalcindag A, Sundel RP. Aggressive management of juvenile dermatomyositis results in improved outcome and decreased incidence of calcinosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002: 47 (4): 505-511.
12. Bowyer SL, Blane CE, Sullivan DB, Cassidy JT. Childhood dermatomyositis: factors predicting functional outcome and development of dystrophic calcification. J Pediatr 1983: 103 (6): 882-888. (Pubitemid 14204178)
13. Blane CE, White SJ, Braunstein EM, Bowyer SL, Sullivan DB. Patterns of calcification in childhood dermatomyositis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1984: 142 (2): 397-400. (Pubitemid 14182104)
14. Weinel S, Callen JP. Calcinosis cutis complicating adult-onset dermatomyositis. Arch Dermatol 2004: 140 (3): 365-366. (Pubitemid 38332495)
15. Wu JJ, Metz BJ. Calcinosis cutis of juvenile dermatomyositis treated with incision and drainage. Dermatol Surg 2008: 34 (4): 575-577. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
16. Vinen CS, Patel S, Bruckner FE. Regression of calcinosis associated with adult dermatomyositis following diltiazem therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000: 39 (3): 333-334. (Pubitemid 30204221)
17. Rothe MJ, Grant-Kels JM, Rothfield NF. Extensive calcinosis cutis with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol 1990: 126 (8): 1060-1063. (Pubitemid 20233180)
18. Reiter N, El-Shabrawi L, Leinweber B, Berghold A, Aberer E. Calcinosis cutis: part I. Diagnostic pathway. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011: 65 (1): 1-12.
19. Winkelmann RK. Panniculitis in connective tissue disease. Arch Dermatol 1983: 119 (4): 336-344. (Pubitemid 13160925)
20. Chan AT, Wordsworth BP, McNally J. Overlap connective tissue disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and extensive subcutaneous calcification. Ann Rheum Dis 2003: 62 (7): 690-691. (Pubitemid 36760580)
21. Torralba TP, Li-Yu J, Navarra ST. Successful use of diltiazem in calcinosis caused by connective tissue disease. J Clin Rheumatol 1999: 5 (2): 74-78. (Pubitemid 29217865)
22. Palazzi C, D'Amico E, De Santis D, Pace-Palitti V, Petricca A. Superficial calcinosis related to bleeding in a patient with undifferentiated connective tissue disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001: 40 (8): 947-948. (Pubitemid 32816073)
23. Itoh O, Nishimaki T, Itoh M, et al. Mixed connective tissue disease with severe pulmonary hypertension and extensive subcutaneous calcification. Intern Med 1998: 37 (4): 421-425. (Pubitemid 128520870)
24. Goolamali SI, Gordon P, Salisbury J, Creamer D. Subcutaneous calcification presenting in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. Clin Exp Dermatol 2009: 34 (5): e141-e144.
25. Arlet J, Dalous A, Degoy A, Salanova J, Limouzy P. [Polymyositis with diffuse calcinosis (universal calcinosis). Apropos of 2 cases in children]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1965: 32 (10): 593-599. French.
26. Lucas D. [Polymyositis with universal calcinosis]. Arch Kinderheilkd 1971: 183 (4): 359-369. German.
27. Harigane K, Mochida Y, Ishii K, Ono S, Mitsugi N, Saito T. Dystrophic calcinosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2011: 21 (1): 85-88. Epub 2010 Aug 25.
28. Hazen PG, Askari A. Localized scleroderma with cutaneous calcinosis: a distinctive variant. Arch Dermatol 1979: 115 (7): 871-872. (Pubitemid 9246297)
29. Jinnin M, Ihn H, Asano Y, Yamane K, Yazawa N, Tamaki K. A case of linear scleroderma with muscle calcification. Br J Dermatol 2002: 146 (6): 1084-1086. (Pubitemid 34779496)
30. Reiter N, El-Shabrawi L, Leinweber B, Aberer E. Subcutaneous morphea with dystrophic calcification with response to ceftriaxone treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010: 63 (2): e53-e55.
31. Llamas-Velasco M, Eguren C, Santiago D, Garcia-Garcia C, Fraga J, Garcia-Diez A. Calcinosis cutis and Sjögren's syndrome. Lupus 2010: 19 (6): 762-764. Epub 2010 Feb 15.
32. Reiter N, El-Shabrawi L, Leinweber B, Berghold A, Aberer E. Calcinosis cutis: part II. Treatment options. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011: 65 (1): 15-22.
33. Abdallah-Lotf M, Grasland A, Vinceneux P, Sigal-Grinberg M. Regression of cutis calcinosis with diltiazem in adult dermatomyositis. Eur J Dermatol 2005: 15 (2): 102-104. (Pubitemid 40434636)
34. Ichiki Y, Akiyama T, Shimozawa N, Suzuki Y, Kondo N, Kitajima Y. An extremely severe case of cutaneous calcinosis with juvenile dermatomyositis, and successful treatment with diltiazem. Br J Dermatol 2001: 144 (4): 894-897. (Pubitemid 32374801)
35. Palmieri GM, Sebes JI, Aelion JA, et al. Treatment of calcinosis with diltiazem. Arthritis Rheum 1995: 38 (11): 1646-1654.
36. Farah MJ, Palmieri GM, Sebes JI, Cremer MA, Massie JD, Pinals RS. The effect of diltiazem on calcinosis in a patient with the CREST syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1990: 33 (8): 1287-1293. (Pubitemid 20273320)
37. Dolan AL, Kassimos D, Gibson T, Kingsley GH. Diltiazem induces remission of calcinosis in scleroderma. Br J Rheumatol 1995: 34 (6): 576-578.
38. Vayssairat M, Hidouche D, Abdoucheli-Baudot N, Gaitz JP. Clinical significance of subcutaneous calcinosis in patients with systemic sclerosis. Does diltiazem induce its regression? Ann Rheum Dis 1998: 57 (4): 252-254. (Pubitemid 28323269)
39. Fuchs D, Fruchter L, Fishel B, Holtzman M, Yaron M. Colchicine suppression of local inflammation due to calcinosis in dermatomyositis and progressive systemic sclerosis. Clin Rheumatol 1986: 5 (4): 527-530.
40. Taborn J, Bole GG, Thompson GR. Colchicine suppression of local and systemic inflammation due to calcinosis universalis in chronic dermatomyositis. Ann Intern Med 1978: 89 (5 Pt 1): 648-649. (Pubitemid 9016590)
41. Vereecken P, Stallenberg B, Tas S, de Dobbeleer G, Heenen M. Ulcerated dystrophic calcinosis cutis secondary to localised linear scleroderma. Int J Clin Pract 1998: 52 (8): 593-594. (Pubitemid 28561137)
42. Schanz S, Ulmer A, Fierlbeck G. Response of dystrophic calcification to intravenous immunoglobulin. Arch Dermatol 2008: 144 (5): 585-587. (Pubitemid 351724418)
43. Penate Y, Guillermo N, Melwani P, Martel R, Hernandez- Machin B, Borrego L. Calcinosis cutis associated with amyopathic dermatomyositis: response to intravenous immunoglobulin. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009: 60 (6): 1076-1077.
44. Kalajian AH, Perryman JH, Callen JP. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for dystrophic calcinosis cutis: unreliable in our hands. Arch Dermatol 2009: 145 (3): 334.
45. Wang WJ, Lo WL, Wong CK. Calcinosis cutis in juvenile dermatomyositis: remarkable response to aluminum hydroxide therapy. Arch Dermatol 1988: 124 (11): 1721-1722.
46. Aihara Y, Mori M, Ibe M, et al. [A case of juvenile dermatomyositis with calcinosis universalis: remarkable improvement with aluminum hydroxide therapy]. Ryumachi 1994: 34 (5): 879-884. Japanese.
47. Wananukul S, Pongprasit P, Wattanakrai P. Calcinosis cutis presenting years before other clinical manifestations of juvenile dermatomyositis: report of two cases. Australas J Dermatol 1997: 38 (4): 202-205. (Pubitemid 27511855)
48. Nassim JR, Connolly CK. Treatment of calcinosis universalis with aluminium hydroxide. Arch Dis Child 1970: 45 (239): 118-121.
49. Park YM, Lee SJ, Kang H, Cho SH. Large subcutaneous calcification in systemic lupus erythematosus: treatment with oral aluminum hydroxide administration followed by surgical excision. J Korean Med Sci 1999: 14 (5): 589-592.
50. Hudson PM, Jones PE, Robinson TW, Dent CE. Extensive calcinosis with minimal scleroderma: treatment of ectopic calcification with aluminum hydroxide. Proc R Soc Med 1974: 67 (11): 1166-1168.
51. Harel L, Harel G, Korenreich L, Straussberg R, Amir J. Treatment of calcinosis in juvenile dermatomyositis with probenecid: the role of phosphorus metabolism in the development of calcifications. J Rheumatol 2001: 28 (5): 1129-1132. (Pubitemid 32422602)
52. Skuterud E, Sydnes OA, Haavik TK. Calcinosis in dermatomyositis treated with probenecid. Scand J Rheumatol 1981: 10 (2): 92-94. (Pubitemid 11109684)
53. Eddy MC, Leelawattana R, McAlister WH, Whyte MP. Calcinosis universalis complicating juvenile dermatomyositis: resolution during probenecid therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997: 82 (11): 3536-3542. (Pubitemid 27509333)
54. Dent CE, Stamp TC. Treatment of calcinosis circumscripta with probenecid. Br Med J 1972: 1 (5794): 216-218.
55. Rabens SF, Bethune JE. Disodium etidronate therapy for dystrophic cutaneous calcification. Arch Dermatol 1975: 111 (3): 357-361.
56. Metzger AL, Singer FR, Bluestone R, Pearson CM. Failure of disodium etidronate in calcinosis due to dermatomyositis and scleroderma. N Engl J Med 1974: 291 (24): 1294-1296.
57. Mukamel M, Horev G, Mimouni M. New insight into calcinosis of juvenile dermatomyositis: a study of composition and treatment. J Pediatr 2001: 138 (5): 763-766. (Pubitemid 32417684)
58. Yoshida S, Torikai K. The effects of warfarin on calcinosis in a patient with systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol 1993: 20 (7): 1233-1235. (Pubitemid 23278185)
59. Matsuoka Y, Miyajima S, Okada N. A case of calcinosis universalis successfully treated with low-dose warfarin. J Dermatol 1998: 25 (11): 716-720. (Pubitemid 28566708)
60. Berger RG, Featherstone GL, Raasch RH, McCartney WH, Hadler NM. Treatment of calcinosis universalis with low-dose warfarin. Am J Med 1987: 83 (1): 72-76. (Pubitemid 18099029)
61. Cukierman T, Elinav E, Korem M, Chajek-Shaul T. Low dose warfarin treatment for calcinosis in patients with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2004: 63 (10): 1341-1343. (Pubitemid 39273520)
62. Lassoued K, Saiag P, Anglade MC, Roujeau JC, Touraine RL. Failure of warfarin in treatment of calcinosis universalis.Am J Med 1988: 84 (4): 795-796.
63. Bair B, Fivenson D. A novel treatment for ulcerative calcinosis cutis. J Drugs Dermatol 2011: 10 (9): 1042-1044.
64. Wolf EK, Smidt AC, Laumann AE. Topical sodium thiosulfate therapy for leg ulcers with dystrophic calcification. Arch Dermatol 2008: 144 (12): 1560-1562.
65. Minami A, Suda K, Kaneda K, Kumakiri M. Extensive subcutaneous calcification of the forearm in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Hand Surg Br 1994: 19 (5): 638-641. (Pubitemid 24305695)
66. Saddic N, Miller JJ, Miller OF 3rd, Clarke JT. Surgical debridement of painful fingertip calcinosis cutis in CREST syndrome. Arch Dermatol 2009: 145 (2): 212-213.
67. Bogoch ER, Gross DK. Surgery of the hand in patients with systemic sclerosis: outcomes and considerations. J Rheumatol 2005: 32 (4): 642-648. (Pubitemid 40524695)
68. Sparsa A, Lesaux N, Kessler E, et al. Treatment of cutaneous calcinosis in CREST syndrome by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005: 53 (5 Suppl. 1): S263-S265. (Pubitemid 41443485)
69. Chan AY, Li E. Electric shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) as a pain control measure in dermatomyositis with calcinosis cutis: old method, new discovery. Clin Rheumatol 2005: 24 (2): 172-173. Epub 2004 Nov 24.
70. Sultan-Bichat N, Menard J, Perceau G, Staerman F, Bernard P, Reguiai Z. Treatment of calcinosis cutis by extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012: 66: 424-429. [Epub ahead of print].
71. Chamberlain AJ, Walker NP. Successful palliation and significant remission of cutaneous calcinosis in CREST syndrome with carbon dioxide laser. Dermatol Surg 2003: 29 (9): 968-970. (Pubitemid 37087457)
72. Bottomley WW, Goodfield MJ, Sheehan-Dare RA. Digital calcification in systemic sclerosis: effective treatment with good tissue preservation using the carbon dioxide laser. Br J Dermatol 1996: 135 (2): 302-304. (Pubitemid 26252985)
73. Meissner M, Ochsendorf F, Kaufmann R. Therapy of calcinosis cutis using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser treatment. Dermatol Surg 2010: 36 (5): 727-728.
74. Hazen PG, Walker AE, Carney JF, Stewart JJ. Cutaneous calcinosis of scleroderma: successful treatment with intralesional adrenal steroids. Arch Dermatol 1982: 118 (5): 366-367. (Pubitemid 12156127)
75. Lee SS, Felsenstein J, Tanzer FR. Calcinosis cutis circumscripta: treatment with an intralesional corticosteroid. Arch Dermatol 1978: 114 (7): 1080-1081.
76. Lian JB, Skinner M, Glimcher MJ, Gallop P. The presence of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in the proteins associated with ectopic calcification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976: 73 (2): 349-355.
77. Cicone JS, Petronis JB, Embert CD, Spector DA. Successful treatment of calciphylaxis with intravenous sodium thiosulfate. Am J Kidney Dis 2004: 43 (6): 1104-1108. (Pubitemid 38691507)
78. Papadakis JT, Patrikarea A, Digenis GE, et al. Sodium thiosulfate in the treatment of tumoral calcifications in a hemodialysis patient without hyperparathyroidism. Nephron 1996: 72 (2): 308-312. (Pubitemid 26035395)