메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue , 2012, Pages 55-62

Unique challenges of clay binders in a pelletised chromite pre-reduction process

Author keywords

Attapulgite; Bentonite; Chromite; Clay binder; Pelletisation; Pre reduction

Indexed keywords

ATTAPULGITES; CLAY BINDER; COMPLEX PROCESSES; CURING PROCESS; ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS; ELECTRICITY PRICES; ELECTRICITY-CONSUMPTION; ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES; FERROCHROME PRODUCTION; HOT STRENGTH; OUTER LAYER; PELLETISATION; PRE-REDUCTION; REDUCING ENVIRONMENT; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 84862535605     PISSN: 08926875     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2012.03.021     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (38)
  • 6
    • 84862561431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferrochrome production through the SRC process at Xstrata, Lydenburg Works
    • W. Botha Ferrochrome production through the SRC process at Xstrata, Lydenburg Works Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 103 6 2003 373 389
    • (2003) Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy , vol.103 , Issue.6 , pp. 373-389
    • Botha, W.1
  • 10
    • 0039460419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalytic reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets by lime
    • PII S0040603197000506
    • Y.L. Ding, and N.A. Warner Catalytic reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets by lime Thermochimica Acta 292 1997 85 94 (Pubitemid 127348199)
    • (1997) Thermochimica Acta , vol.292 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 85-94
    • Ding, Y.L.1    Warner, N.A.2
  • 11
    • 0030635445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets with silica flux
    • L. Ding, and N.A. Warner Reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets with silica flux Ironmaking and Steelmaking 24 4 1997 283 287 (Pubitemid 127551832)
    • (1997) Ironmaking and Steelmaking , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 283-287
    • Ding, Y.L.1    Warner, N.A.2
  • 12
    • 84862556482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESKOM (accessed 13.10.11.)
    • ESKOM. 2011. Eskom retail tariff adjustment for 2011/2012. < http://www.eskom.co.za/content/priceincrease2011.pdf > (accessed 13.10.11.).
    • (2011) Eskom Retail Tariff Adjustment for 2011/2012
  • 14
    • 30244481883 scopus 로고
    • Chromite - Mineralogy and Processing
    • F. Gu, and B.A. Wills Chromite - Mineralogy and Processing Minerals Engineering 1 3 1988 235 240
    • (1988) Minerals Engineering , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-240
    • Gu, F.1    Wills, B.A.2
  • 16
    • 84862566155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (international Chomium Development Association) I. France Paris
    • ICDA (International Chomium Development Association) Statistical Bulletin 2010 edition 2010 France Paris
    • (2010) Statistical Bulletin 2010 Edition
  • 17
    • 84862526721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 3.03.11.)
    • JONES, R.; 2010. Pyrometallurgy in South Africa. < http://www.pyrometallurgy.co.za/PyroSA/index.htm > (accessed 3.03.11.).
    • (2010) Pyrometallurgy in South Africa
    • Jones, R.1
  • 18
    • 3342885761 scopus 로고
    • Promotion of the Carbothermic Reduction of Chromium Ore by the Addition of Borates
    • H.G. Katayama, M. Tokuda, and M. Ohtani Promotion of the Carbothermic Reduction of Chromium Ore by the Addition of Borates The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 72 10 1986 1513 1520
    • (1986) The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan , vol.72 , Issue.10 , pp. 1513-1520
    • Katayama, H.G.1    Tokuda, M.2    Ohtani, M.3
  • 19
    • 0030684453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 addition on solid state reduction of chromite concentrate
    • 2 addition on solid state reduction of chromite concentrates Ironmaking and Steelmaking 24 2 1997 133 143 (Pubitemid 127551817)
    • (1997) Ironmaking and Steelmaking , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-143
    • Lekatou, A.1    Walker, R.D.2
  • 21
    • 79952627787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chrome ore beneficiation challenges & opportunities - A review
    • Y.R. Murthy, S.K. tripathy, and C.R. Kumar Chrome ore beneficiation challenges & opportunities - a review Minerals Engineering 24 5 2011 375 380
    • (2011) Minerals Engineering , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 375-380
    • Murthy, Y.R.1    Tripathy, S.K.2    Kumar, C.R.3
  • 22
    • 84857768343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and advantages of Xstrata's Premus Process
    • New Delhi, India
    • Naiker, O.; 2007. The development and advantages of Xstrata's Premus Process. In: Proc. of the 11th International Ferroalloys Congress. New Delhi, India. pp. 112-119.
    • (2007) Proc. of the 11th International Ferroalloys Congress , pp. 112-119
    • Naiker, O.1
  • 24
    • 79952188363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of sintering and compressive strength tendencies of a model coal mineral mixture heat-treated in inert and oxidizing atmospheres
    • M.V. Nel, C.A. Sstrydom, H.H. Schobert, J.P. Beukes, and J.R. Bunt Comparison of sintering and compressive strength tendencies of a model coal mineral mixture heat-treated in inert and oxidizing atmospheres Fuel Processing Technology 92 5 2011 1042 1051
    • (2011) Fuel Processing Technology , vol.92 , Issue.5 , pp. 1042-1051
    • Nel, M.V.1    Sstrydom, C.A.2    Schobert, H.H.3    Beukes, J.P.4    Bunt, J.R.5
  • 25
    • 84862571652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NERSA (accessed 8.09.11.)
    • NERSA. 2009a. Eskom price increase application 2009. < http://www.nersa.org.za/Admin/Document/Editor/file/Electricity/ PricingandTariffs/Eskom%20Current%20Price%202009-10.pdf > (accessed 8.09.11.).
    • (2009) Eskom Price Increase Application 2009
  • 26
    • 84862556484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NERSA (accessed 8.09.11.)
    • NERSA. 2009b. Historic Eskom Average Selling Price. < http://www.nersa.org.za/Admin/Document/Editor/file/Electricity/ PricingandTariffs/Eskom%20Historic%20Prices.pdf > (accessed 8.09.11.).
    • (2009) Historic Eskom Average Selling Price
  • 27
    • 84862554619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NERSA (access 8.09.11.)
    • NERSA. 2009c. Inductive Future Eskom Price Direction. < http://www.nersa.org.za/Admin/Document/Editor/file/Electricity/ PricingandTariffs/Eskom%20Future%20Pricepath.pdf > (access 8.09.11.).
    • (2009) Inductive Future Eskom Price Direction
  • 28
    • 84862526722 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of Smelting Reduction Processes in the Production of Fe-Cr-C Alloys
    • Sao Paulo, Brazil
    • Niayesh, M.J.; Fletcher, G.W.; 1986. An assessment of Smelting Reduction Processes in the Production of Fe-Cr-C Alloys. In: Proc. of the 4th International Ferro-alloys Congress. Sao Paulo, Brazil. pp. 115-123.
    • (1986) Proc. of the 4th International Ferro-alloys Congress , pp. 115-123
    • Niayesh, M.J.1    Fletcher, G.W.2
  • 29
    • 79952351281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation, characterization and utilization of CO-gas formed in ferrochrome smelting
    • Cape Town, South, Africa
    • Niemelä, P.; Krogerus, H.; Oikarinen, P.; 2004. Formation, characterization and utilization of CO-gas formed in ferrochrome smelting. In: Proc. of the 12th International Ferroalloys Congress. Cape Town, South, Africa. pp. 68-77.
    • (2004) Proc. of the 12th International Ferroalloys Congress , pp. 68-77
    • Niemelä, P.1    Krogerus, H.2    Oikarinen, P.3
  • 30
  • 31
    • 84862564063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Advance Release]. (accessed 19.10.11.)
    • Papp, J.F.; 2009. 2009 Minerals Yearbook Chromium [Advance Release]. < http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/chromium/myb1-2009-chrom.pdf > (accessed 19.10.11.).
    • (2009) 2009 Minerals Yearbook Chromium
    • Papp, J.F.1
  • 33
    • 38349137120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined single-drop and rotating drum dustiness test of fine to nanosize powders
    • T. Schneider, and K.A. Jensen Combined single-drop and rotating drum dustiness test of fine to nanosize powders Annals of Occupational Hygiene 52 1 2008 23 34
    • (2008) Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.52 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-34
    • Schneider, T.1    Jensen, K.A.2
  • 34
    • 48149103213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study the effect of chromite ore properties on pelletisation process
    • V. Singh, and S.M. Rao Study the effect of chromite ore properties on pelletisation process International Journal of Mineral Processing 88 2008 13 17
    • (2008) International Journal of Mineral Processing , vol.88 , pp. 13-17
    • Singh, V.1    Rao, S.M.2
  • 35
    • 38549120228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromites reduction reaction mechanisms in carbon-chromites composite agglomerates at 1773K
    • DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.47.1585
    • C. Takano, A.P. Zambrano, A.E.A. Nogueira, M.B. Mourao, and Y. Iguchi Chromites reduction reaction mechanisms in carbon-chromites composite agglomerates at 1 773 K Iron and Steel Institute of Japan International 47 11 2007 1585 1589 (Pubitemid 351156241)
    • (2007) ISIJ International , vol.47 , Issue.11 , pp. 1585-1589
    • Takano, C.1    Zambrano, A.P.2    Nogueira, A.E.A.3    Mourao, M.B.4    Iguchi, Y.5
  • 36
    • 33749622009 scopus 로고
    • The effect of additives on the reduction of chromite by graphite
    • J.S.J. Van Deventer The effect of additives on the reduction of chromite by graphite Thermochimica Acta 127 1988 25 35
    • (1988) Thermochimica Acta , vol.127 , pp. 25-35
    • Van Deventer, J.S.J.1
  • 37
    • 51249161376 scopus 로고
    • The reduction mechanism of chromite in the presence of a silica flux
    • P. Weber, and R.H. Eric The reduction mechanism of chromite in the presence of a silica flux Metallurgical Transactions B 24B 1993 987 995
    • (1993) Metallurgical Transactions B , vol.24 B , pp. 987-995
    • Weber, P.1    Eric, R.H.2
  • 38
    • 31744442082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reduction of chromite in the presence of silica flux
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2005.07.010, PII S0892687505002712
    • P. Weber, and R.H. Eric The reduction of chromite in the presence of silica flux Minerals Engineering 19 2006 318 324 (Pubitemid 43177632)
    • (2006) Minerals Engineering , vol.19 , Issue.SPEC. ISS. 3 , pp. 318-324
    • Weber, P.1    Eric, R.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.