Whatever happened to parliamentary democracy in the United Kingdom?

Parliamentary Affairs

Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2004, Pages

  Judge, David ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84862400858     PISSN: 00312290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pa/gsh052     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. See S. Weir, and D. Beetham, Political Power and Democratic Control in Britain, Routledge, 1999; D. Beetham, I. Byrne, P. Ngan and S. Weir, Democracy Under Blair: A Democratic Audit of the United Kingdom, Politicos, 2003.
2. See S. Weir, and D. Beetham, Political Power and Democratic Control in Britain, Routledge, 1999; D. Beetham, I. Byrne, P. Ngan and S. Weir, Democracy Under Blair: A Democratic Audit of the United Kingdom, Politicos, 2003.
3. D. Beetham, I. Byrne, P. Ngan and S. Weir, 'Democratic Audit: Towards a Broader View of Democratic Achievement', Parliamentary Affairs, April 2003, p. 346.
4. R. Miliband, Capitalist Democracy in Britain, Oxford University Press, 1982, p. 38.
5. P. Hirst, Representative Democracy and its Limits, Polity, 1990, p. 4.
6. B. Manin, The Principles of Representative Government, Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 236.
7. E. Burke, 'Speech to the Electors of Bristol' in Works, vol. 3, Rivington [1774] 1801, p. 20.
8. J.S. Mill, Considerations on Representative Government, Dent, [1861] 1910, pp. 322, 239-40, 239.
9. Miliband, op. cit., p. 20.
10. D. Beetham, 'Liberal Democracy and the Limits of Democratization', Political Studies, Special Issue, 1992, pp. 41 and 47.
11. W. Riker, Liberalism Against Populism, Freeman, 1982, p. 244.
12. G. Kateb, 'The Moral Distinctiveness of Representative Democracy', Ethics, 1981, p. 358.
13. A. Kornberg and H.D. Clarke, Citizens and Community: Political Support in a Representative Democracy, Cambridge University Press, 1992, p. 9.
14. D. Beetham, 'Political Participation, Mass Protest and Representative Democracy', Parliamentary Affairs, October 2003; quotations in the following paras at pp. 597, 602, 605, 605, 608.
15. R.A.W. Rhodes, Understanding Governance: Policy Networks, Governance, Reflexivity and Accountability, Open University Press, 1997, p. 6.
16. D. Richards and M.J. Smith, Governance and Public Policy in the UK, Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 48.
17. Rhodes, op. cit., p. 199.
18. Richards and Smith, ibid.
19. I b i d.
20. Cm. 5291, The House of Lords: Completing the Reform, 2001, paras 13-17. For other statements see Cm. 3658, Scotland's Parliament, 1997, para. 4.2; Cm. 3782, Rights Brought Home: The Human Right Bill, 1997, para. 2.13; Department for Constitutional Affairs, Constitutional Reform: A Supreme Court for the United Kingdom, Consultation Paper CP 11/03, July 2003, para. 23.
21. Cm. 5291, The House of Lords: Completing the Reform, 2001, paras 13-17. For other statements see Cm. 3658, Scotland's Parliament, 1997, para. 4.2; Cm. 3782, Rights Brought Home: The Human Right Bill, 1997, para. 2.13; Department for Constitutional Affairs, Constitutional Reform: A Supreme Court for the United Kingdom, Consultation Paper CP 11/03, July 2003, para. 23.
22. Cm. 5291, The House of Lords: Completing the Reform, 2001, paras 13-17. For other statements see Cm. 3658, Scotland's Parliament, 1997, para. 4.2; Cm. 3782, Rights Brought Home: The Human Right Bill, 1997, para. 2.13; Department for Constitutional Affairs, Constitutional Reform: A Supreme Court for the United Kingdom, Consultation Paper CP 11/03, July 2003, para. 23.
23. Cm. 5291, The House of Lords: Completing the Reform, 2001, paras 13-17. For other statements see Cm. 3658, Scotland's Parliament, 1997, para. 4.2; Cm. 3782, Rights Brought Home: The Human Right Bill, 1997, para. 2.13; Department for Constitutional Affairs, Constitutional Reform: A Supreme Court for the United Kingdom, Consultation Paper CP 11/03, July 2003, para. 23.
24. P. Norton, 'Governing Alone', Parliamentary Affairs, October 2003, p. 544.
25. R.A.W. Rhodes, Beyond Westminster and Whitehall, Unwin Hyman, 1988; R.A.W. Rhodes, 'Policy Networks: A British Perspective', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1990; R.A.W. Rhodes, 1997, op. cit.; D. Marsh and R.A.W. Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government, Clarendon Press, 1992; M. Bevir and R.A.W. Rhodes, Interpreting British Governance, Routledge, 2003.
26. R.A.W. Rhodes, Beyond Westminster and Whitehall, Unwin Hyman, 1988; R.A.W. Rhodes, 'Policy Networks: A British Perspective', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1990; R.A.W. Rhodes, 1997, op. cit.; D. Marsh and R.A.W. Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government, Clarendon Press, 1992; M. Bevir and R.A.W. Rhodes, Interpreting British Governance, Routledge, 2003.
27. R.A.W. Rhodes, Beyond Westminster and Whitehall, Unwin Hyman, 1988; R.A.W. Rhodes, 'Policy Networks: A British Perspective', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1990; R.A.W. Rhodes, 1997, op. cit.; D. Marsh and R.A.W. Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government, Clarendon Press, 1992; M. Bevir and R.A.W. Rhodes, Interpreting British Governance, Routledge, 2003.
28. R.A.W. Rhodes, Beyond Westminster and Whitehall, Unwin Hyman, 1988; R.A.W. Rhodes, 'Policy Networks: A British Perspective', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1990; R.A.W. Rhodes, 1997, op. cit.; D. Marsh and R.A.W. Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government, Clarendon Press, 1992; M. Bevir and R.A.W. Rhodes, Interpreting British Governance, Routledge, 2003.
29. R.A.W. Rhodes, Beyond Westminster and Whitehall, Unwin Hyman, 1988; R.A.W. Rhodes, 'Policy Networks: A British Perspective', Journal of Theoretical Politics, 1990; R.A.W. Rhodes, 1997, op. cit.; D. Marsh and R.A.W. Rhodes (eds), Policy Networks in British Government, Clarendon Press, 1992; M. Bevir and R.A.W. Rhodes, Interpreting British Governance, Routledge, 2003.
30. A.G. Jordan, 'Policy Community Realism versus "New" Institutionalist Ambiguity', Political Studies, September 1990, p. 471.
31. D. Marsh, D. Richards and M. Smith, 'Unequal Plurality: Towards an Asymmetric Power Model of British Politics', Government and Opposition, July 2003, p. 319.
32. J.J. Richardson and A.G. Jordan, Governing Under Pressure, Martin Robertson, 1979; see also Richardson, 1993, p. 90; J. Richardson, 'Government, Interest Groups and Policy Change', Political Studies, December 2000, p. 1006.
33. J.J. Richardson and A.G. Jordan, Governing Under Pressure, Martin Robertson, 1979; see also Richardson, 1993, p. 90; J. Richardson, 'Government, Interest Groups and Policy Change', Political Studies, December 2000, p. 1006.
34. J.J. Richardson and A.G. Jordan, Governing Under Pressure, Martin Robertson, 1979; see also Richardson, 1993, p. 90; J. Richardson, 'Government, Interest Groups and Policy Change', Political Studies, December 2000, p. 1006.
35. D. Judge, 'Parliament and Interest Representation' in M. Rush (ed.), Parliament and Pressure Politics, Clarendon Press, 1990; D. Judge, The Parliamentary State, Sage, 1993; D. Judge, Representation: Theory and Practice in Britain, Routledge, 1999.
36. D. Judge, 'Parliament and Interest Representation' in M. Rush (ed.), Parliament and Pressure Politics, Clarendon Press, 1990; D. Judge, The Parliamentary State, Sage, 1993; D. Judge, Representation: Theory and Practice in Britain, Routledge, 1999.
37. D. Judge, 'Parliament and Interest Representation' in M. Rush (ed.), Parliament and Pressure Politics, Clarendon Press, 1990; D. Judge, The Parliamentary State, Sage, 1993; D. Judge, Representation: Theory and Practice in Britain, Routledge, 1999.
38. J.J. Richardson, 'Interest Group Behaviour in Britain: Continuity and Change' in J.J. Richardson (ed.), Pressure Groups, Oxford University Press, 1993, p. 90.
39. C. Daugbjerg and D. Marsh, 'Explaining Policy Outcomes: Integrating the Policy Network Approach with Macro-Level and Micro-Level Analysis' in D. Marsh (ed.), Comparing Policy Networks, Open University Press, 1998, pp. 62-3.
40. D. Marsh and M. Smith, 'Understanding Policy Networks: Towards a Dialectical Approach', Political Studies, March, 2000, p. 8.
41. D. Marsh, D. Richards and M. Smith, Changing Patterns of Governance in the United Kingdom: Reinventing Whitehall?, Palgrave, 2001, pp. 244-7.
42. R. Stevens, The English Judges: Their Role in the Constitution, Hart, 2002, p. 68.
43. D. Oliver, Constitutional Reform in the UK, Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 95.
44. Weir and Beetham, op. cit., p. 458.
45. Lord Lester, 'Developing Principles of Public Law', Public Law, Winter 2001, p. 687.
46. Oliver, op. cit., p. 104.
47. Cm. 3782, op. cit., paras 2.11, 2.13.
48. K.D. Ewing, 'The Human Rights Act and Parliamentary Democracy', Modern Law Review, January 1999, p. 92.
49. M. Flinders, 'Shifting the Balance? Parliament, the Executive and the British Constitution', Political Studies, March 2002, p. 63.
50. R.A. Edwards, 'Judicial Deference under the Human Rights Act', Modern Law Review, November 2002, p. 859.
51. N. Bonney. The Scottish Parliament and Participatory Democracy: Vision and Reality', Political Quarterly, October 2003, p. 467.
52. A. Page and A. Batey, 'Scotland's Other Parliament: Westminster Legislation about Devolved Matters in Scotland since Devolution", Public Law, Autumn 2002, p. 518.
53. Richards and Smith, op. cit., p. 48.
54. Beetham et al, Democracy Under Blair, op. cit., p. 133.
55. S. Ward, R. Gibson and W. Lusoli, 'Online Participation and Mobilisation in Britain: Hype, Hope and Reality', Parliamentary Affairs, October 2003, p. 652.
56. P. Whiteley, H. Clarke, D. Sanders and M. Stewart, 'Turnout', Parliamentary Affairs, October 2001, p. 786.