Viruses of globe artichoke: An overview

Acta Horticulturae

Volumn 681, Issue , 2005, Pages 555-572

  Rana, G L ^a   Gallitelli, D ^b   Vovlas, C ^b   Martelli, G P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BASILICATA   (Italy)

^b CNR   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardoon; Diagnosis; Globe artichoke; Sanitation; Virus diseases; Viruses

Indexed keywords

EID: 84861977655     PISSN: 05677572     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2005.681.77     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (130)

1. Avgelis, A.D. and Vovlas, C. 1989. Artichoke yellow ringspot nepovirus naturally infecting cucumber in Crete. Neth. J. Pl. Pathology, 95: 177-184.
2. Avgelis, A. D. Katis, N. and Grammatikaki, G. 1992. Broad bean wrinkly seed caused by artichoke yellow ringspot nepovirus. Ann. Appl. Biol., 121: 133-142.
3. Baricevich, D., Kus, M. and Pepelnjak, M. 1995. Isolation of IgG immunoglobulins from rabbit ALV-antiserum using protein-A-sefarose and estimation of globe artichoke local cultivar "Istra" for the presence of artichoke latent virus (ALV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Slovenia. Zbornik Biotechniske Fakultete Univerze Ljubijani, Kmetijstvo, 65: 47-54.
4. Brown D.J.F., Kyriakopoulou, P.E. and Robertson, W.M. 1997. Frequency of transmission of artichoke Italian latent nepovirus by Longidorus fasciatus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from artichoke fields in the Iria and Kandia areas of Argopolis In Northern Peloponnesus, Greece. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 103, 501-506.
5. Camele, I. and Rana, G.L. 1999. Rinvenimento di infezioni del Tospovirus della bronzatura del pomodoro (TSWV) in due composite coltivate in Basilicata. Atti VII Conv. Naz. S.I.Pa.V. su "Aspetti epidemiologici di patogeni vegetali", Piacenza 23-24 sett., (abstract).
6. th Int. Congr. on Artichoke, Valenzano (BA), sep. 2000, (in press).
7. Camele, I., Candido, V., Rana, G.L. and Palumbo, M. 1999. Effetti morfologici e produttivi dell'infezione del Potyvirus latente del carciofo. Petria, 9: 43-52.
8. Camele, I., Nuzzaci, M., Rana, G.L. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1991. Papaver rhoeas L., a host of two pathogenic viruses of cultivated plants. Petria, 1: 111-115.
9. Castellano, M.A. and Rana, G.L. 1981. Transmission and ultrastructure of Ivy vein clearing virus infections. Phytopath. Medit., 20: 199-202.
10. Chabbouh, N. 1989. Mise en evidence de quatre virus presents sur l'artichaut en Tunisie. Ann. INRAT, 62: 3-14
11. Chabbouh, N. and Cherif, C. 1990. Outbreaks and new records. Tunisia. Cucumber mosaic virus in artichoke. FAO Plant Protection Bullettin, 35: 52-53.
12. Chagas, C.M. and Silberschmidt, K.M. 1972. Virus da faixa amarela da alcachofra: occorencia, transmissao mecanica e propriedades fisicas. Biologico, 38: 35-40.
13. Chagas, C.M., Flores, M. and Carner, J. 1969. Una nova doenca de virus da alcachofra no Estado de Sao Paulo. Biologico, 35: 271-274.
14. Ciccarone, A. 1967. Attuali cognizioni sulle malattie del carciofo. Atti 1° Congr. Internaz. Studi Carciofo, Bari, 1967: 181-192
15. Costa, A.S. and Camargo, I.G.B. 1969. Occorência do virus latente da alcachofra en São Paulo. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia, 3: 53-54.
16. Costa, A.S. and Tasaka, H. 1971. Enfezamento e malformacao foliar de alcachofra inducido pelo virus da necrose branca do fumo. Biologico, 37: 176-179.
17. Costa, A.S., Duffus, J.E., Morton, D., Yarwood, C.E. and Bardin, R. 1959. A latent virus of California artichokes. Phytopathology, 49: 49-53.
18. Derrick, K.S. 1973. Quantitative assay for plant viruses using serologic scpecific electron microscopy. Virology, 56: 652-653
19. Di Franco, A., Gallitelli, D., Vovlas, C. and Martelli, G.P. 1989. Partial characterization of Artichoke virus M. J. Phytopathology, 127: 265-273.
20. Dodd, S.M. and Robinson, D.J. 1984. Nucleotide sequence among RNA species of strains of tomato black ring virus and other nepoviruses. J. Gen. Virol, 65: 1731-1740.
21. Finetti Sialer, M., Ciancio, A. and Gallitelli, D. 2000. Use of fluorogenic scorpions for fast and sensistive detection of plant viruses. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 30: 437-440
22. Fisher, H.V. and Lockhart, B.E. 1974a. Occurence in Morocco of a virus disease of artichoke related to artichoke mottled crinkle. Pl. Dis. Reptr., 58: 1117-1120.
23. Fisher, H.V. and Lockhart, B.E. 1974b. A Moroccan isolate of artichoke latent virus. Pl. Dis. Reptr., 58: 1123-1126.
24. Foddai, A., Cugusi, M. and Idini, G. 1993. Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): a new host for turnip mosaic virus. Phytopath. Medit., 32: 247-248.
25. Foddai, A., Marras, F. and Idini, G. 1977. Presenza di un "Potyvirus" sul Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.) in Sardegna. Ann. Fac. Agr. Univ, Sassari, 25: 398-407.
26. Foddai, A., Marras, F. and Idini, G. 1982. Il saggio immunoenzimatico (ELISA) per la diagnosi del Potyvirus latente del carciofo. Riv. Pat. Veg., S. IV, 18: 103-107.
27. Foddai, A., Corda, P., Idini, G. 1983a. Influenza del potyvirus latente del carciofo spinoso sardo sulla produttività delle piante in pieno campo. I. Risultati relativi al primo anno di impianto. Riv. Pat. Veg., Ser. IV, 19: 29-35.
28. Foddai, A., Corda, P., Idini, G. 1983b. Influenza del potyvirus latente del carciofo spinoso sardo sulla produttività delle piante in pieno campo. II. Risultati relativi al secondo anno di impianto. Ann. Fac. Agr. Univ. Sassari, 30: 37-43.
29. Fulton, R.W. 1971. Tobacco streak virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, N. 44.
30. Gallitelli, D. 1983. Pelargonium zonate spot virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, n. 272.
31. Gallitelli D. 1989. Satellite RNA of artichoke mottled crinkle virus (AMCV) as a possible means of biological control. Difesa delle Piante, 12: 57-63.
32. Gallitelli, D., Rana, G.L. and Di Franco, A. 1978. Il virus della scolorazione perinervale del carciofo. Phytopath. Medit. 17: 1-7.
33. Gallitelli, D., Rana, G.L and. Di Franco, A. 1984. Artichoke vein bading virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, N. 285.
34. Gallitelli, D. and Saldarelli, P. 1996. Molecular identification of phytopathogenic viruses. In: Methods in Molecular Biology, 50, Species Diagnostics Protocols: PCR and other Nucleic Acid Methods (J.P Clapp. Ed.): 57-79, Humana Press, NJ.
35. Gigante, R. 1951. Il mosaico del carciofo. Boll. Staz. Pat. Veg. Roma, 7: 177-181.
36. Gracia, O. and Feldman, J.M. 1978. Natural infection of artichoke by tomato spotted wilt virus. Pl. Dis. Reptr., 62: 1076-1077.
37. Grieco, F. and Gallitelli, D. 1999. Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction Applied To Virus Detection In Globe Artichoke. J. Phytopath., 145: 183-185
38. Holland, P.M., Abramson, R.D., Watson, R. and Gelfand, D.H. 1991. Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5'-3' exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., USA, 88: 7276-7280
39. Ie, T.S. 1970. Tomato spotted wilt virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, n. 39.
40. Jankulova, M., Savino, V., Gallitelli, D., Quacquarelli, A. and Martelli, G.P. 1977. Isolation of artichoke Italian latent virus from Grapevine in Bulgaria. Proc. VI Conf. Intern. Council for the study of Grapevine Viruses, Cordova 143-147
41. Kitajima, E.W., Camargo, I.G.B. and Costa, A.S. 1970. Microscopia elettronica de particulas do virus latente da alcachofra e das inclusoes citoplasmicas associadas a sua infeccao. 1° Corgr. Brasileiro de Microscopia Elettronica, Riberao Preto: 97-98.
42. Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1995. Artichoke Italian latent virus causes artichoke patchy chlorotic stunting disease. Ann. Appl. Biol.: 127, 489-497.
43. Kyriakopoulou, P.E. and Bem, F.P. 1973. Some virus diseases of cultivated plants noticed in Greece in the years 1971 and 1972. Abstracts of First Symp. of Geotechnical Research, B. II: 409-418.
44. Kyriakopoulou, P.E. and Ben, F.P. 1982: Artichoke Marathon yellow blotch, a new virus disease of artichoke. Benaki Phytopath. Inst. Am. Rep. 1982: 90-91.
45. Kyriakopoulou, P.E., Rana, G.L. and Roca, F. 1985. Geographical distribution, natural host range, pollen and seed transmissibility of artichoke yellow ringspot virus. Annls Inst. Phytopath. Benaki, N.S. 14: 139-155.
46. Lastra, R. and Acosta, A., 1979. Purification and partial characterization of maize mosaic virus. Intervirology, 11: 215-220.
47. Laudanki, F. 1958. Rapport sur les travaux de recherche effectuèe en 1956. Vol. 1 and 2. Serv. Botanique et Agronomique de Tunisie.
48. Leach, L.D. and Oswald, J.W. 1950. Curly dwarf, a virus disease of globe artichoke. Phytopathology, 40: 967-968.
49. Lee, L.G., Connell, C.R. and Bloch, W. 1993. Allelic discrimination by nicktranslation PCR with fluorogenic probes. Nucleic Acids Res. 21: 3761-3766.
50. Lesemann, D.E., 1988. Cytopathology. In: Milne R.G. (ed.), The Plant Viruses, 4, The filamentous Plant Viruses. Plenum Press, New York: 179-235.
51. Lisa, V. 1971. Two viruses naturally infecting cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.). Phytopath. Medit., 10: 231-237.
52. Majorana, G. and Rana, G.L. 1970a. Un nuovo virus latente isolato da carciofo in Puglia. Phytopath. Medit., 9: 193-196.
53. Majorana, G. and Rana, G.L. 1970b. A latent virus of artichoke belonging to potato virus S group. Phytopath. Medit., 9: 200-202.
54. Manzanares, M.J., Corre, J. and. Hervé, Y. 1995. Evaluation of globe artichoke and related germoplasm for resistance to artichoke latent virus. Euphytica: 84, 219-228.
55. Marras, F., Foddai, A. and Fiori, M. 1982. Possibilità di risanamento del carciofo da infezioni virali mediante coltura in vitro di apici meristematici. Atti Giorn. Fitopat.: 151-158.
56. Marrou, J. and Mehani, S. 1964. Etude d'un virus parasite de l'artichaut. C.R. Acad. Agric. France, 50: 1051-1064.
57. Martelli, G.P., 1965. L'arricciamento maculato del carciofo. Phytopath. Medit., 4: 58-60.
58. Martelli, G.P. and Quacquarelli, A., 1966. Ricerche sull'agente dell'arricciamento maculato del carciofo. III. Dimostrazione sierologica della parentela con il virus del rachitismo cespuglioso del pomodoro. Atti I Congr. Un. Fitopat. Medit., Bari-Napoli 1966, 195-199.
59. Martelli, G.P. and Cirulli, M. 1969. Le virosi delle piante ortensi in Puglia. III. Una maculatura gialla del pomodoro causata dal virus della necrosi perinervale del tabacco (Tobacco streak virus). Phytopath. Medit., 8, 154-156.
60. Martelli, G.P. and Rana, G.L. 1976. Viruses and virus diseases of globe artichoke and cardoon. Atti 2° Congr. Internaz. Studi Carciofo, Bari, 1973: 811-830.
61. Martelli, G.P. and Russo, M. 1973. Electron microscopy of artichoke mottled crinkle virus in leaves of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. J. Ultrastruct. Res., 42: 93-107.
62. Martelli, G.P. and Russo, M. 1977. Rhabdoviruses of Plants. In: Maramorosch K. (ed.), The Atlas of Insect and Plant Viruses. Academic Press, New York: 181-213.
63. Martelli, G.P. and Russo, M. 1984. The use of thin sectioning for visualization and identification of Plant Viruses. Methods in Virology, 8: 143-224
64. Martelli, G.P., Quacquarelli, A., Gallitelli, D., Savino, V. and Piazzolla P. 1978. A tentative grouping of nepovirus. Phytopath. Medit., 17: 145-147.
65. Martelli, G.P.,. Rana, G.L and Savino, V. 1977. Artichoke Italian latent virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, n. 176.
66. Martelli, G.P., Russo, M. and Rana, G.L. 1981. A survey of the virological problems of Cynara species. Atti 3° Congr. Intern. Studi Carciofo, Bari: 895-927.
67. Martelli, G.P., Russo, M. and Rana, G.L. 1976. Occurrence of artichoke mottled crinkle virus in Malta. Pl. Dis. Reptr., 60: 130-133.
68. Migliori, A. and Marzin, H. 1985. Présence du tobacco rattle virus (TRV) dans les cultures d'artichaut en France. Agronomie, 5: 549-552.
69. Migliori, A., Homo, E., Corre, J., Marzin, H., Legal, V. and Curvale, J.-P. 1987. Repartition, fréquence et nuisibilité des virus chez l'artichaut en Bretagne. P.H.M.-Revue Horticole, 247: 29-36.
70. Migliori, A., Fouville, D. and Rana, G.L. 1989. Detection du virus latent de l'artichaut (ALV) et du virus du fletrissement de la feve (BBWV), souche FA, par le test ELISA. P.H.M.-Revue Hort., 299: 59-64.
71. Migliori, A., Rana, G.L., Piazzolla, P., Gourret, J.-P. and Rubino, L. 1988. Caractérisation d'une nouvelle souche du virus du flétrissement de la fève isolee de l'artichaut en France. Agronomie, 8: 201-209.
72. Migliori, A., Lot, H., Pécaut, P., Duteil, M. and Rouzé-Jouan, J. 1984b. Les virus de l'arichaut. I. mise en évidence de trois virus dans les cultures françoises d'arichaut. Agronomie, 4: 257-268.
73. Migliori, A., Marzin, H. and Rana, G.L. 1984a. Mise en évidence du tomato black ring virus (TBRV) chez l'artichaut en France. Agronomie, 4: 683-686.
74. Milne, R.G. and Luisoni, R. 1977. Rapid immune electron microscopy of virus preparations. Methods in Virology, 6: 265-281.
75. Morton, D.J. 1961. Host range and properties of the globe artichoke curly dwarf virus. Phytopathology, 51: 731-734.
76. Murant, A.F. 1970. Tomato black ring virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, n. 38.
77. Murant, A.F., Jones, A.T., Martelli, G.P. and Stace-Smith, R. 1996. Nepoviruses: general properties, diseases and virus identification. Chapter 5 In "The Plant Viruses" Vol. 5: Polyhedral virions and bipartite RNA genomes. B.D. Harrison and A.F. Murant, Ed., Plenum Press, New York: 99-137.
78. Nazarenko, A., Bhatnagar, S.K. and Hohman, R.J. 1997. A close tube format for amplification and detection of DNA based on energy transfer. Nucleic Acids Res., 25: 2516-2521.
79. Paradies, F., Finetti Sialer, M., Di Franco, A. and Gallitelli, D. 2000. First report on the occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in artichoke in Italy. J. Pl. Pathology, 82: 244.
80. Paradies, F., Finetti Sialer, M., Di Franco, A. and Gallitelli, D. 2001. Presenza in Puglia del virus del mosaico del cetriolo su carciofo. Inf.tore Fitopatol., 51 (1-2): 61-64.
81. Pecaut, P.J., Corre, J., Lot, H. and Migliori, A. 1985. Interet des plantes sains d'artichaut règènèrèes par la culture in vitro. P.H.M.-Revue Hort.: 256.
82. Peña-Iglesias, A. and Ayuso-Gonzales, P. 1972. Degeneration of Spanish globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) plants. I. Viral isolation, host range, purification and ultrastructure of infected hosts. Anl. INIA, 2, 89-122.
83. Peña-Iglesias, A. and Ayuso-Gonzales, P. 1974. The elimination of viruses from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) by etiolated meristem tip culture. Proc. 19th Intern. Hort. Congr., Varsavia: 63.
84. Peña-Iglesias, A. and Ayuso-Gonzales, P. 1982. The elimination of some globe artichoke viruses by shoot apex culture and in vitro micropropagation of the plant. 4th Conf. I.S.H.S. Veg. Viruses Working Group, Wellwsbourne: 47.
85. Peña-Iglesias, A., Rubio-Huertos, M. and Moreno San Martin, R. 1972. Un virus de tipo bacilliforme en alcachofra (Cynara scolynus). Anl. INIA, 2: 123-137.
86. Peters, D. and Kitajima, E.W. 1970. Purification and electron microscopy of sowthistle yellow vein virus. Virology, 41: 135-150.
87. Quacquarelli, A. and Gallitelli, D. 1979. Tre virosi del geranio in Puglia. Phytopath. Medit., 18: 61-70.
88. Quacquarelli, A. and Martelli, G.P. 1966. Ricerche sull'agente dell'arricciamento maculato del carciofo. I. Ospiti differenziali e proprietà. Atti I Congr. Un. Fitopat. Medit., Bari-Napoli, 1996: 168-177.
89. Quacquarelli, A., Rana, G.L. and Martelli, G.P. 1976. Weed hosts of plant pathogenic viruses in Apulia. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 39: 651-653.
90. Quacquarelli, A., Martelli, G.P. and Russo, M. 1966. Ricerche sull'agente dell'arricciamento maculato del carciofo. II. Purificazione, microspopia elettronica e caratteristiche fisico-chimiche. Atti I Congr. Un. Fitopat. Medit., Bari-Napoli: 178-194.
91. Rana, G.L. Le virosi del carciofo in Puglia e possibilità di risanamento del carciofo "Brindisino" mediante coltura di apici meristematici in vitro, Atti Conv. Difesa Attiva della Produzione con particolare riguardo a vite e carciofo, Brindisi: pp. 33-39.
92. Rana, G.L. and Cherif, C. 1981. Occurence of Artichoke mottled crinkle virus in Tunisia. Phytopath. Medit. 20: 179-180.
93. Rana, G.L. and Martelli, G.P. 1983. Virosi del Carciofo. Italia Agricola, 120 (1): 27-38.
94. Rana, G.L. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1980. Bean yellow mosaic virus in artichokes in th Greece. Proc. 5 Congr. Medit. Phytopath. Union, Patras: 38-40.
95. Rana, G.L. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1982. Artichoke Italian latent and artichoke mottled crinkle viruses in artichoke in Greece. Phytopath. Medit. 22: 46-48
96. Rana, G.L., Di Franco, A. and Galasso, I. 1988. Further studies on Cynara rhabdovirus. J. Phytopathology, 123: 147-155.
97. Rana, G.L., Di Franco, A., Piazzolla, P. and Migliori, A. 1987a. Further studies on a tomato black ring virus isolate from artichoke. J. Phytopathology, 118: 203-211.
98. Rana, G.L., Elia, A., Nuzzaci, M. and Lafortezza, R., 1992. Effect of artichoke latent virus infection on the production of artichoke heads. Journal of Phytopathology, 135: 153-159.
99. Rana, G.L., Migliori, A. and. Ragozzino, A. 1987b. La maculatura gialla del carciofo in Campania e Puglia. Inf.tore Fitopat., 37 (4): 41-43.
100. Rana, G.L., Rosciglione, B. and Cannizzaro, G. 1978. La maculatura anulare gialla del cardo e del carciofo. Phytopath. Medit, 17: 63-64.
101. Rana, G.L., Gallitelli, D., Kyriakopoulou, P.E., Russo, M. and Martelli, G.P. 1980. Host range and properties of artichoke yellow ringspot virus. Ann. Appl. Biology, 96: 177-185.
102. Rana, G.L., Camele, I. and Balducci, V. 1990. Isolamento del virus dell'anulatura concentrica del geranio da crisantemo selvatico in Puglia. Inf.tore Fitopatol., 40 (7-8): 59-62.
103. Rana, G.P. and Roca, F. 1976. Trasmissione con nematodi del virus "latente italiano del carciofo" (AILV). Atti 2° Congr. Internaz. Studi Carciofo, Bari, 27-30 nov. 1973: 855-858.
104. Rana, G.L., Russo, M., Gallitelli, D. and Martelli, G.P. 1982. Artichoke latent virus: characterization, ultrastructure and geographical distribution. Ann. Appl. Biol., 101: 179-188.
105. Rana, G.L., Piazzolla, P., Lafortezza, R. and Greco, N. 1989. Characterization of a latent elongated virus from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) in Italy. J. Phytopath., 125: 289-298.
106. Rana, G.L.,. Kyriakopoulou, P.E and Martelli, G.P. 1983. Artichoke yellow ringspot virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, N. 271.
107. Rana, G.L., Castrovilli, S., Gallitelli, D. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1985. Studies on two serologically distinct raspberry ringspot virus strains from artichoke. Phytopathology, 112: 222-228.
108. Repetto, A., Cadinu, M., Leoni, S., Gallitelli, D., Saldarelli, P., Barbarossa, L. and Grieco, D. 1997. Effetto sulla coltura in vitro di apici meristematici sull'ottenimento di piante di carciofo "Spinoso sardo" e "Masedu" esenti da virus. Notiz. Protez. Piante, 7: 189-195.
109. Robinson, D.J. and Clark, J. 1987. Genome sequence homology among strains of raspberry ringspot nepovirus. Rep. Scott. Crop Res. Inst. 1986: 172.
110. Roca, F. and Rana, G.L. 1981. Paratrichodorus tunisiensis (Nematoda, Trichodoridae) a new vector of tobacco rattle virus in Italy. Nematol. Medit., 3: 91-101.
111. Roca F., Rana, G.L. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1982. Longidorus fasciatus Roca et Lamberti vector of a serologically distinct strain of artichoke Italian latent virus in Greece. Nematol. Medit., 10: 65-69.
112. Roca, F., Rana, G.L. and Kyriakopoulou, P.E. 1986. Studies on Longidoridae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) and raspberry ringspot virus spread in some artichoke fields in Greece. Nematologia Medit., 14: 251-256.
113. Roca, F., Martelli, G.P., Lamberti, F. and Rana, G.L. 1975. Distribution of Longidorus attenuatus Hooper in Apulian artichoke fields and its relationship with artichoke Italian latent virus. Nematol. Medit., 3: 91-101.
114. Russo, M. and Rana, G.L. 1978. Occurrence of two legume viruses in Artichoke. Phytopath. Medit., 17: 212-216.
115. Russo, M., Martelli, G.P. and Rana, G.L. 1975. A rhabdovirus of Cynara in Italy. Phytopath. Z., 83: 223-231.
116. Saldarelli, P., Barbarossa L., Grieco F. and Gallitelli, D. 1996. Digoxigenin-labelled riboprobes applied to phytosanitary certification of tomato in Italy. Plant Disease, 80: 1343-1346.
117. Salomão, T. 1976. Soil transmission of artichoke yellow band virus. Atti 2° Congr. Internaz. Studi Carciofo, Bari 1973: 831-854.
118. Savino, V. Gallitelli, D. and Barba, M. 1983. Olive latent ringspot virus, a newly recognised virus infecting olive in Italy. Ann. Appl. Biol., 103: 243-249
119. Savino, V., Gallitelli, D., Jankulova, M. and Rana, G.L. 1977. A comparison of four isolates of artichoke Italian latent virus (AILV). Phytopath. Medit.: 16: 41-50.
120. Smith, R.E. 1940. Diseases of truck crops. California Agric. Ext. Service, Circular 119: pp. 112.
121. Stace-Smith, R. 1970. Tobacco ringspot virus. C.M.I./A.A.B. Descriptions of Plant Viruses, n. 17.
122. Tyagi, S. and Kramer, F.R. 1996. Molecular beacon: probes that fluoresce upon hybridisation. Nature Biotechnology, 14: 303-308.
123. Uyeda, I., Kojima, M. and Murajama, D. 1975. Purification of bean yellow mosaic virus. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan, 41: 192-203.
124. Uyemoto, J.K. and Provvidenti, R. 1974. Isolation and identification of two serotypes of broad bean wilt virus. Phytopathology, 64: 1547-1548.
125. Van Regenmortel, M.H.V., Fauquet, C.M., Bishop, D.H.L., Carstens, E.B., Estes, M.K., Lemon, S.M., Maniloff, J, Mayo, M.A., McGeoch, D.J., Pringle, C.R. and Wickner, R.B. 2000. Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press, San Diego: 1162 pp.
126. Vovlas, C. and. Lafortezza, R. 1994. Il virus dell'avvizzimento maculato del pomodoro su carciofo in Puglia. Inf.tore Fitopat., 44 (9): 42-44.
127. Vovlas, C., Martelli, G.P. and Quacquarelli, A. 1971. Le virosi delle piante ortensi in Puglia. VI. Il complesso delle maculature anulari della cicoria. Phytopath. Medit., 10: 244-254.
128. Vovlas, C., Gallitelli, D and Di Franco, A. 1986. Epifizie del virus della maculatura zonata del geranio su pomodoro in Puglia. Inf. tore Fitopat. 36 (2): 29-41.
129. Vovlas, C., Gallitelli, D, and Conti, M. 1989. Preliminary evidence for an unusual mode of transmision in the ecology of pelargonium zonate spot virus. Proceedings IV Plant Virus Epidemiology Workshop, Bari 1989: 205-305.
130. Whitcombe, D., Theaker, J., Guy, S.P., Brown, T. and Little, S. 1999. Detection of PCR products using self-probing amplicons and fluorescence. Nature Biotechnology, 17: 804-807.