Species composition and community structure of western Himalayan moist temperate forests in Kashmir

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 278, Issue , 2012, Pages 138-145

  Shaheen, Hamayun ^a,c   Ullah, Zahid ^a   Khan, Shujaul Mulk ^b   Harper, David M ^b  

^a QUAID I AZAM UNIVERSITY   (Pakistan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

Environmental variables; Forest diversity; Moist temperate; Multivariate analyses; Western Himalayas

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; FOREST DIVERSITY; HIMALAYAS; MOIST TEMPERATE; MULTI VARIATE ANALYSIS;

ECOLOGY; SOCIAL SCIENCES;

REFORESTATION;

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONIFEROUS FOREST; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; FOREST MANAGEMENT; GRASS; LOGGING (TIMBER); MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PHYTOSOCIOLOGY; PLANT COMMUNITY; REGENERATION; SEEDLING; TEMPERATE FOREST;

HIMALAYAS; INDIA; JAMMU AND KASHMIR;

ABIES; ABIES PINDROW; PINUS WALLICHIANA; POACEAE; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 84861929559     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.05.009     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Ahmed M., Husain T., Heikh A.H.S., Hussain S.S., Siddiqui M.F. Phytosociology and structure of Himalayan forests from different climatic zones of Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot. 2006, 38(2):361-383.
2. Awan M.H. Over-view of protected forests in Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Workshop Report on Development of Performance Indicators for the Management of Protected Areas in Pakistan 2002, 39-42. World Wide Fund for Nature-Pakistan, Islamabad. M. Iqbal, A.K. Ashiq (Eds.).
3. Behera M.D., Roy P.S. Assessment of biological richness in different altitudinal zones in the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Current Sci. 2005, 88(2).
4. Bhattarai K.R., Vetaas O.R., Grytnes J.A. Relationship between plant species richness and biomass in arid sub-alpine grassland of the central Himalayas. Nepal. Folia Geobotanica 2004, 39:57-71.
5. Bindiu C., 1973. Unpublished PhD thesis. Acadamic de stunte agricole si silvice. Bucharest Romania.
6. Butt T.M., 2006. Sustainable forest management: a case study on Machiara national park in district Muzaffarabad, state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. A thesis for the degree of MPhil in development studies (specializing in geography) Department of Geography Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
7. Chaturvedi O.P., Singh J.S. The structure and function of pine forest in central Himalaya. I: Dry matter dynamics. Ann. Bot. 1986, 60:237-252. 1987, 237.
8. Cochrane M. Fire science for rainforests. Science 2003, 421:913-919.
9. Cox W.G. Laboratory Manual of General Ecology 1967, WMC Brown Co, Dubuque, IA.
10. Criddle R.S., Church J.N., Smith B.N., Hansen L.D. Fundamental causes of the global patterns of species range and richness. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2003, 50:192-199.
11. Dalirsefat S.B., Da Silva Meyer A., Mirhoseini S.Z. Comparison of similarity coefficients used for cluster analysis with amplified fragment length polymorphism markers in the silkworm. Bombyx mori. J. Insect Sci. 2009, 9.
12. Dhaulkhandi M., Dobhal A., Bhatt S., Kumar M. Community structure and regeneration potential of natural forest site in Gangotri, India. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2008, 4(1):49-52.
13. Eriksson O. Regional dynamics of plants: review of evidence for remnant, source-sink and meta-populations. Oikos 1996, 77:248-258.
14. Ferrer-Castán D., Vetaas O.R. Floristic variation, chorological types and diversity: do they correspond at broad and local scales?. Divers. Distribut. 2003, 9:221-235.
15. Ford R.L. The nature and status of ethnobotany. Anthropological Papers. Museum of Anthropology 1978, University of Michigan, USA. R.L. Ford (Ed.).
16. Fossa A.M. Biodiversity patterns of vascular plant species in mountain vegetation in the Faroe Islands. Divers. Distribut. 2004, 10:217-223.
17. Francis A.P., Currie D.J. Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: another look. Oikos 1998, 81:598-602.
18. Gairola S., Rawal R.S., Todaria N.P. Forest vegetation patterns along an altitudinal gradient in sub-alpine zone of west Himalaya, India. Arican J. Plant Sci. 2008, 2(6):42-48.
19. Greig-Smith P. Quantitative Plant Ecology 2010, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford. 3rd ed.
20. Grytnes J.A., Vetaas O.R. Species richness and altitude: A comparison between simulation models and interpolated plant species richness along the Himalayan altitude gradient, Nepal. Am. Natur. 2002, 159(2002):294-304.
21. Heaney A., Proctor J. Chemical Elements in fitter at a Range of Altitude on Volcan barva, Costa Rica: Nutrients in Tropical Forest and Sawanna Ecosystems 1989, 255-271. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. J. Proctor (Ed.).
22. Kenderick K. Sri Lanka. Floristic Inventory of Tropical Countries 1989, The New York Botanical Garden, NY. D.G. Campbell, H.D. Hammond (Eds.).
23. Kharkwal G. Qualitative analysis of tree species in evergreen forests of Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. African J. Plant Sci. 2009, 3(3):49-52.
24. Kimmin JP and Krumlik GJ, 1973. Comparison of the biomass distribution and tree form of old virgin forests at medium and high elevations in mountains of British Colombia, Canada. IUFRO Biomass Studies, Rome, IUFRO, pp. 315-335.
25. Kumar M., Bhatt V. Plant biodiversity and conservation of forests in foot hills of Garhwal Himalaya. Lyonia 2006, 11(2):43-59.
26. Kunwar R.M., Sharma Shiv P. Quantitative analysis of tree species in two community forests of Dolpa district, mid-west Nepal. Him. J. Sci. 2004, 2(3):23-28.
27. Mani M.S. Ecology and Phytogeography of the High Altitude Plants of the Northwest Himalaya 1978, Oxford & IBH Publishing Company, New Delhi, IN.
28. Menhinick E.F. A comparison of some species diversity indices applied to samples of field insects. Ecology 1964, 45:859-861.
29. Mong C.E., Vetaas O.R. Establishment of Pinus wallichiana on a Himalayan Glacier Foreland: stochastic distribution or safe sites?. Arctic Antarctic Alpine Res. 2006, 38(4):584-592.
30. Murcia C. Edge effects in fragmented forests: implications for conservation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 1995, 10:58-62.
31. Nautiyal, Kaechele H. Conserving the Himalayan forests: approaches and implications of different conservation regimes. Biodivers. Conserv. 2007, 16:3737-3754.
32. Oza G.M. Destruction of forests and wildlife in the Kashmir Wilderness. The Environ. 2003, 23:189-192.
33. Pande P.K. Quantitative vegetation analysis as per aspect and altitude, and regeneration behaviour of tree species in Garhwal Himalayan forest. An. For. 2001, 9(1):39-52.
34. Panthi M.P., Chaudhary R.P., Vetaas O.R. Plant species richness and composition in a trans-Himalayan inner valley of Manang district, central Nepal. Himalayan J. Sci. 2007, 4(6):2007.
35. Peer T., Gruber J.P., Millingard A., Hussain F. Phytosociology, structure and diversity of the steppes vegetation in the mountains of Northern Pakistan. Phytocoenologia 2007, 37:1-65.
36. Perveen A., Hussain M.I. Plant biodiversity and phytosociological attributes of Gorakh Hill (khirthar Range). Pak. J. Bot. 2007, 39(3):691-698.
37. Pichi-Sermolli An index for establishing the degree of maturity in plant communities author(s): source. J. Ecol. 1948, 36(1):85-90.
38. Pielou E.C. Ecological Diversity 1975, Wiley, New York.
39. Rawal R.S., Pangtey Y.P.S. Distribution and structural-functional attributes of trees in the high altitude zone of Central Himalaya, India. Vegetatio 1994, 112:29-34.
40. Rooney T.P., Waller D.M. Local and regional variation in hemlock seedling establishment in forests of the upper Great Lakes region, USA. Can. J. For. Res. 1998, 111:211-224.
41. Ruger N., Williams-Linera Guadalupe, Daniel Kissling W., Huth Andreas Long-term impacts of fuelwood extraction on a tropical montane cloud forest. Ecosystems 2008, 11:868-881.
42. Saxena A.K., Singh J.S. A phytosociological analysis of woody species in forest communities of a part of Kumaun Himalaya. Vegetatio 1982, 50:3-22.
43. Saxena A.K., Singh J.S. Tree population structure of certain Himalayan forests and implications concerning the future composition. Vegetatio 1984, 58:61-69.
44. Shah S., Tewari A., Tewari B. Impact of Human disturbance on forest vegetation and water resources of nainital catchment. Nat. Sci. 2009.
45. Shaheen H., Qureshi R.A., Ullah Zahid, Ahmad T. Anthropogenic pressure on the western Himalayan moist temperate forests of Bagh, Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Pak. J. Bot. 2011, 43(1):695-703.
46. Shank R.E., Noorie E.N. Microclimate vegetation in a small valley in eastern Tennessee. Ecology 1950, 11:5319.
47. Shannon C.E. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 1948, 27. 379-423 and 623-656.
48. Sharma C.M., Baduni N.P. Effect of aspect on the structure of some natural stands of Abies pindrow in Himalayan moist temperate forest. The Environ. 2000, 20:309-317.
49. Shinwari Z.K., Gilani Syed Shahinshah Sustainable harvest of medicinal plants at Bulashbar Nullah, Astore (Northern Pakistan). J. Ethnopharmacol. 2003, 84(2-3):289-298.
50. Simpson E.H. Measurement of diversity. Nature 1949, 163-688.
51. Singh H., Kumar Munesh, Sheikh Mehraj A. Distribution pattern of Oak and Pine along altitudinal gradients in Garhwal Himalaya. Nat. Sci. 2009, 7(11).
52. Sorensen T. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity of species content and its application to analyses of the vegetation on Danish commons. Videnski Selskab Biologiske Skrifter 1948, 5:1-34.
53. Sundriyal R.C., Sharma E., Rai L.K., Rai S.C. Tree structure, regeneration and woody biomass removal in a sub-tropical forest of Mamlay watershed in the Sikkim Himalaya. Vegetatio 1994, 113:53-63.
54. Tanner E.V.J., Vitousek P.M., Cuevas E. Experimental investigation of nutrient limitation of forest growth on wet tropical mountains. Ecology 1998, 79:10-22.
55. Ter Braak C.J.F. The analysis of vegetation±environment relationship by canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetatio 1987, 69:69-77.
56. Timilsina N., Ross M.S., Heinen J.T. A community analysis of sal (Shorea robusta) forests in the western Terai of Nepal. For. Ecol. Manage. 2007, 241:223-234.
57. Todaria N.P., Pokhriyal Prerna, Uniyal Pooja, Chauhan D.S. Regeneration status of tree species in forest of Phakot and Pathri Rao watersheds in Garhwal Himalaya. Current Sci. 2010, 98(2).
58. Valdia K.S. Dynamic Himalaya 1998, University Press Ltd., Haidarabad, pp. 178.
59. Vazquez J.A.G., Givnish T.J. Altitudinal gradients in tropical forest composition, structure and diversity in the sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico. J. Ecol. 1998, 86:999-1020.
60. Wangchuk, K., 2007. Natural Regeneration Ecology of Mixed Conifer Forests in Western Bhutan, Vienna, thesis in Forestry. Institute of Forest Ecology, Vienna University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences. UNI BOKU, October.
61. Wangda, P., 2003. Forest zonation along the complex altitudinal gradients in a dry valley of Punatsang Chu. MSc thesis. Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Laboratory of Biosphere Functions, University of Tokyo, Japan.
62. Winkler, D., 1998. Dforetation in Easterb Tibet, Human Impact, Past and present, Published. In: Clarke, G.E., (Ed.). Development, Society and Environment in Tibet, Proc. 7th Sem. Intern. Assoc. Tibetan Studies (IATS) 1995 - Austria, Vienna, pp. 79-96.
63. Woodward F. Temperature and the distribution of plant species and vegetation. Plants and Temperature 1988, 59-75. Society of Experimental Biology by the Company of Biologists Limited, Cambridge. S.P. Long, F.I. Woodward (Eds.).
64. Zahranm M.A., El-Demerdash M.A., Mashaly I.A. Vegetation types of the deltaic mediterranean coast of Egypt and their environment. J. Vegetat. Sci. 1990, 1:305-310.