The epidemiology of hypernatraemia in hospitalised children in Lothian: A 10-year study showing differences between dehydration, osmoregulatory dysfunction and salt poisoning

Archives of Disease in Childhood

Volumn 97, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 502-507

  Forman, Sarah ^a   Crofton, Patricia ^b   Huang, Hian ^a   Marshall, Tom ^a   Fares, Katia ^a   McIntosh, Neil ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b NHS LOTHIAN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; SODIUM;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BRAIN TUMOR; BURN; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; DEHYDRATION; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS; GASTROENTERITIS; HEAD INJURY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; HYPERNATREMIA; INFANT; INFECTION; INTOXICATION; KIDNEY FAILURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MORBIDITY; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OSMOREGULATORY DYSFUNCTION; OSMOSIS; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SALT INTOXICATION; SCHOOL CHILD; SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME; SODIUM URINE LEVEL; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DEHYDRATION; FEMALE; FLUID THERAPY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; HYPERNATREMIA; INCIDENCE; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SCOTLAND; SODIUM; WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE;

EID: 84861482936     PISSN: 00039888     EISSN: 14682044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2011-300305     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Baumer H, Coulthard M, Haycock GB, et al. The Differential Diagnosis of Hypernatraemia in Children, with Particular Reference to Salt Poisoning. First edition. London: Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health 2009.
2. Moritz ML, Ayus JC. The changing pattern of hypernatremia in hospitalized children. Pediatrics 1999;104:435-9. (Pubitemid 29424661)
3. Oddie S, Richmond S, Coulthard M. Hypernatraemic dehydration and breast feeding: a population study. Arch Dis Child 2001;85:318-20. (Pubitemid 32929598)
4. Pelleboer RA, Bontemps ST, Verkerk PH, et al. A nationwide study on hospital admissions due to dehydration in exclusively breastfed infants in the Netherlands: its incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome. Acta Paediatr 2009;98:807-11.
5. Trotman H, Lord C, Barton M, et al. Hypernatraemic dehydration in Jamaican breastfed neonates: a 12-year review in a baby-friendly hospital. Ann Trop Paediatr 2004;24:295-300. (Pubitemid 40045359)
6. Manganaro R, Mamì C, Marrone T, et al. Incidence of dehydration and hypernatremia in exclusively breast-fed infants. J Pediatr 2001;139:673-5. (Pubitemid 33097432)
7. Palevsky PM, Bhagrath R, Greenberg A. Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:197-203. (Pubitemid 26026003)
8. Banister A, Matin-Siddiqi SA, Hatcher GW. Treatment of hypernatraemic dehydration in infancy. Arch Dis Child 1975;50:179-86.
9. Kahn A, Blum D, Casimir G, et al. Controlled fall in natremia in hypertonic dehydration: possible avoidance of rehydration seizures. Eur J Pediatr 1981;135:293-6. (Pubitemid 11137456)
10. Einaudi S, Matarazzo P, Peretta P, et al. Hypothalamo-hypophysial dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents: a preliminary retrospective and prospective study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2006;19:691-703.
11. Hoorn EJ, Carlotti AP, Costa LA, et al. Preventing a drop in effective plasma osmolality to minimize the likelihood of cerebral edema during treatment of children with diabetic ketoacidosis. J Pediatr 2007;150:467-73. (Pubitemid 46602321)
12. Kaufman T, Monies-Chass I, Hirshowitz B, et al. Sodium poisoning: a lethal case of a burned child. Burns Incl Therm Inj 1986;12:293-4. (Pubitemid 16123283)
13. Pruitt BA Jr. Fluid and electrolyte replacement in the burned patient. Surg Clin North Am 1978;58:1291-312.
14. Listernick R, Sidransky E. Hypernatremic dehydration in children with severe psychomotor retardation. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1985;24:440-2. (Pubitemid 15240362)
15. Macdonald NJ, McConnell KN, Stephen MR, et al. Hypernatraemic dehydration in patients in a large hospital for the mentally handicapped. BMJ 1989;299:1426-9. (Pubitemid 20004062)
16. McClure RJ, Davis PM, Meadow SR, et al. Epidemiology of Munchausen syndrome by proxy, non-accidental poisoning, and non-accidental suffocation. Arch Dis Child 1996;75:57-61. (Pubitemid 26249079)
17. Dine MS, McGovern ME. Intentional poisoning of children-an overlooked category of child abuse: report of seven cases and review of the literature. Pediatrics 1982;70:32-5. (Pubitemid 12078071)
18. Coulthard MG, Haycock GB. Distinguishing between salt poisoning and hypernatraemic dehydration in children. BMJ 2003;326:157-60. (Pubitemid 36135576)
19. Assadi FK, Johnston B, Dawson M, et al. Recurrent hypertonic dehydration due to selective defect in the osmoregulation of thirst. Pediatr Nephrol 1989;3:438-42. (Pubitemid 19245666)
20. Hayek A, Peake GT. Hypothalamic adipsia without demonstrable structural lesion. Pediatrics 1982;70:275-8. (Pubitemid 12089715)
21. López-Capapé M, Golmayo L, Lorenzo G, et al. Hypothalamic adipic hypernatraemia syndrome with normal osmoregulation of vasopressin. Eur J Pediatr 2004;163:580-3. (Pubitemid 39362533)
22. Ize-Ludlow D, Gray JA, Sperling MA, et al. Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation presenting in childhood. Pediatrics 2007;120:e179-88. (Pubitemid 47036233)
23. Conley SB, Brocklebank JT, Taylor IT, et al. Recurrent hypernatremia; a proposed mechanism in a patient with absence of thirst and abnormal excretion of water. J Pediatr 1976;89:898-903.
24. McKenna K, Thompson C. Osmoregulation in clinical disorders of thirst appreciation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998;49:139-52. (Pubitemid 28372637)
25. Verbalis JG. Diabetes insipidus. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2003;4:177-85. (Pubitemid 36547097)
26. Teach SJ, Yates EW, Feld LG. Laboratory predictors of fluid deficit in acutely dehydrated children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1997;36:395-400. (Pubitemid 27297592)
27. Bonadio WA, Hennes HH, Machi J, et al. Efficacy of measuring BUN in assessing children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Ann Emerg Med 1989;18:755-7. (Pubitemid 19169626)
28. Paut O, André N, Fabre P, et al. The management of extreme hypernatraemia secondary to salt poisoning in an infant. Paediatr Anaesth 1999;9:171-4. (Pubitemid 29122677)
29. Rogers D, Tripp J, Bentovim A, et al. Papers and originals. Br Med J 1976;1:793-6.
30. Feldman K, Robertson WO. Salt poisoning: presenting symptom of child abuse. Vet Hum Toxicol 1979;21:341-3. (Pubitemid 10209426)
31. Baugh JR, Krug EF, Weir MR. Punishment by salt poisoning. South Med J 1983;76:540-1. (Pubitemid 13126733)
32. Komatsu H, Miyake H, Kakita S, et al. Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum associated with adipsic hypernatremia and hypothalamic hypogonadotropinism: a case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Int 2001;43:683-7. (Pubitemid 33071136)