Gravity wave characteristics in the Southern Hemisphere revealed by a high-resolution middle-atmosphere general circulation model

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 69, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 1378-1396

  Sato, Kaoru ^a   Tateno, Satoshi ^a,b   Watanabe, Shingo ^c   Kawatani, Yoshio ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^c IDEA CONSULTANTS INC   (Japan)

Author keywords

General circulation models; Gravity waves; Inertia gravity waves; Middle atmosphere; Mountain waves

Indexed keywords

ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; CROSS-CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ENERGY FLUXES; ENERGY PROPAGATION; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; HIGH RESOLUTION; INERTIA-GRAVITY WAVES; LARGE AMPLITUDE; LINEAR THEORY; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; MEAN-WINDS; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MOUNTAIN WAVE; NONLINEAR PROCESS; OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY WAVES; PARAMETERIZATIONS; PARTIAL REFLECTION; POLAR VORTEX; SIMULATION DATA; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; STATIC STABILITY; THREE-DIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORKS; WAVE CHARACTERISTICS; WAVE ENERGY; WAVE GENERATION; WAVE NUMBERS;

GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS; VORTEX FLOW; WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION;

GRAVITY WAVES;

AMPLITUDE; ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; GRAVITY WAVE; INERTIA; LEE WAVE; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MOUNTAIN REGION; OROGRAPHIC EFFECT; PARAMETERIZATION; POLAR VORTEX; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; STRATOSPHERE;

ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; ANTARCTICA; WEST ANTARCTICA;

EID: 84861466480     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0101.1     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Alexander, M. J., 1998: Interpretations of observed climatological patterns in stratospheric gravity wave variance. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8627-8640.
2. Alexander, M. J., and K. Rosenlof, 1996: Nonstationary gravity wave forcing of the stratospheric zonal mean wind. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23 465-23 474.
3. Alexander, M. J., and C. Barnet, 2007: Using satellite observations to constrain parameterizations of gravity wave effects for global models. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 1651665.
4. Alexander, M. J., and H. Teitelbaum, 2007: Observation and analysis of a large amplitude mountain wave event over the Antarctic peninsula. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21103, doi:10.1029/2006JD008368.
5. Alexander, M. J., and Coauthors, 2010: Recent developments in gravity-wave effects in climate models and the global distribution of gravitywave momentum flux from observations and models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 1103-1124, doi:10.1002/qj.637.
6. Bacmeister, J. T., and M. R. Schoeberl, 1989: Breakdown of vertically propagating two-dimensional gravity waves forced by orography. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2109-2134.
7. Baumgaertner, A. J. G., and A. J. McDonald, 2007:A gravity wave climatology for Antarctica compiled from Challenging Minisatellite Payload/Global Positioning System (CHAMP/GPS) radio occultations. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D05103, doi:10.1029/ 2006JD007504.
8. Carslaw, K. S., T. Peter, J. T. Bacmeister, and S. D. Eckermann, 1999: Widespread solid particle formation by mountain waves in the Arctic stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 18271836.
9. de la Torre, A., and P. Alexander, 2005: Gravity waves above Andes detected from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles: Mountain forcing? Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17815, doi:10.1029/2005GL022959.
10. de la Torre, A., T. Schmidt, and J. Wickert, 2006: A global analysis of wave potential energy in the lower stratosphere derived from 5 years of GPS radio occultation data with CHAMP. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24809, doi:10.1029/2006GL027696.
11. Dunkerton, T. J., 1984: Inertiagravity waves in the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 33963404.
12. Eckermann, S. D., 1992: Ray-tracing simulation of the global propagation of inertia gravity waves through the zonally averaged middle atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15 849-15 866.
13. Eckermann, S. D., and P. Preusse, 1999: Global measurements of stratospheric mountain waves from space. Science, 286, 15341537.
14. Ern, M., P. Preusse, and C. D. Warner, 2006: Some experimental constraints for spectral parameters used in the Warner and McIntyre gravity wave parameterization scheme. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4361-4381.
15. Fritts, D. C., and M. J. Alexander, 2003: Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere. Rev. Geophys., 41, 1003, doi:10.1029/2001RG000106.
16. Gettelman, A., P. Hoor, L. L. Pan, W. J. Randel, M. I. Hegglin, and T. Birner, 2011: The extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Rev. Geophys., 49, RG3003, doi:10.1029/ 2011RG000355.
17. Hei, H., T. Tsuda, and T. Hirooka, 2008: Characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave activity in the polar regions revealed by GPS radio occultation data with CHAMP. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D04107, doi:10.1029/2007JD008938.
18. Hertzog, A., G. Boccara, R. A. Vincent, F. Vial, and P. Cocquerez, 2008: Estimation of gravity wave momentum flux and phase speeds from quasi-Lagrangian stratospheric balloon flights. Part II: Results from the Vorcore campaign in Antarctica. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3056-3070, doi:10.1175/2008JAS2710.1.
19. Hitchman, M. H., M. L. Buker, G. J. Tripoli, E. V. Browell, W. B. Grant, T. J. McGee, and J. F. Burris, 2003: Nonorographic generation of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds during December 1999. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8325, doi:10.1029/2001JD001034.
20. Jiang, J. H., D. L. Wu, and S. D. Eckermann, 2002: Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) MLS observation of mountain waves over the Andes. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8273, doi:10.1029/2002JD002091.
21. Jones, W. L., 1967: Propagation of internal gravity waves in fluids with shear flow and rotation. J. Fluid Mech., 30, 439448.
22. Kawatani, Y., K. Sato, T. J. Dunkerton, S. Watanabe, S. Miyahara, and M. Takahashi, 2010a: The roles of equatorial trapped waves and internal inertiagravity waves in driving the quasibiennial oscillation. Part I: Zonal mean wave forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 963-980.
23. Kawatani, Y., K. Sato, T. J. Dunkerton, S. Watanabe, S. Miyahara, and M. Takahashi, 2010b: The roles of equatorial trapped waves and internal inertiagravity waves in driving the quasi-biennial oscillation. Part II: Three-dimensional distribution of wave forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 981-997.
24. Kohma, M., and K. Sato, 2011: The effects of atmospheric waves on the amounts of polar stratospheric clouds. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 11, 16 967-17 012, doi:10.5194/acpd-11-16967-2011.
25. McDonald, A. J., S. E. George, and R. M. Woollands, 2009: Can gravity waves significantly impact PSC occurrence in the Antarctic? Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8825-8840.
26. McIntyre, M. E., 2009: Spontaneous imbalance and hybrid vortex gravity structures. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 1315-1326.
27. McLandress, C., and T. G. Shepherd, 2009: Simulated anthropogenic changes in the BrewerDobson circulation, including its extension to high latitudes. J. Climate, 22, 1516-1540.
28. McLandress, C.,M. J.Alexander, andD. L.Wu, 2000:Microwave Limb Sounder observations of gravity waves in the stratosphere: A climatology and interpretation. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11 94-711 967.
29. Miyazaki,K.,S.Watanabe,Y.Kawatani,Y.Tomikawa,M. Takahashi, and K. Sato, 2010a: Transport and mixing in the extratropical tropopause region in a high vertical resolution GCM. Part I: Potential vorticity and heat budget analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 1293-1314.
30. Miyazaki,K., K. Sato, S. Watanabe, Y. Tomikawa, Y. Kawatani, and M. Takahashi, 2010b: Transport andmixing in the extratropical tropopause region in a high vertical resolution GCM. Part II: Relative importance of large-scale and small-scale dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 13151336.
31. Okamoto, K., K. Sato, and H. Akiyoshi, 2011: A study on the formation and trend of the BrewerDobson circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 116, D10117, doi:10.1029/2010JD014953.
32. O'Sullivan, D. J., and T. J. Dunkerton, 1995: Generation of inertia gravity waves in a simulated life cycle of baroclinic instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 36953716.
33. Pfenninger, M., A. Z. Liu, G. C. Rapen, and C. S. Gardner, 1999: Gravity wave characteristics in the lower atmosphere at South Pole. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 59635984.
34. Plougonven, R., and C. Snyder, 2005: Gravity waves excited by jets: Propagation versus generation.Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18802, doi:10.1029/2005GL023730.
35. Plougonven, R., and C. Snyder, 2007: Inertiagravity waves spontaneously generated by jets and fronts. Part I: Different baroclinic life cycles. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 25022520.
36. Plumb, R. A., 2002: Stratospheric transport. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 793809.
37. Preusse, P., A. Dörnbrack, S. D. Eckermann,M. Riese, B. Schaeler, J. T. Bacmeister, D. Broutman, and K. U. Grossmann, 2002: Space-based measurements of stratospheric mountain waves by CRISTA. 1. Sensitivity, analysis method, and a case study. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8178, doi:10.1029/2001JD000699.
38. Sato, K., 1990: Vertical wind disturbances in the troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 28032817.
39. Sato, K., and T. J. Dunkerton, 1997: Estimates of momentum flux associated with equatorial Kelvin and gravity waves. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26 24726 261.
40. Sato, K., and M. Yoshiki, 2008: Gravity wave generation around the polar vortex in the stratosphere revealed by 3-hourly radiosonde observations at Syowa station. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3719 3735.
41. Sato, K., M. Yamamori, S. Ogino, N. Takahashi, Y. Tomikawa, and T. Yamaouchi, 2003: A meridional scan of the stratospheric gravity wave field over the ocean in 2001 (MeSSO2001). J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4491, doi:10.1029/2002JD003219.
42. Sato, K., S. Watanabe, Y. Kawatani, Y. Tomikawa, K. Miyazaki, and M. Takahashi, 2009: On the origins of mesospheric gravity waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19801, doi:10.1029/ 2009GL039908.
43. Sato, K., and Coauthors, 2011: Program of the Antarctic Syowa MST/IS radar (PANSY). SPARC Newsletter, Vol. 36, SPARC Office, Toronto,ON,Canada, 2326. [Available online at http:// www.sparc-climate.org/fileadmin/customer/6_Publications/ Newsletter_PDF/36_SPARCnewsletter_Jan2011.pdf.]
44. Shibata, T., K. Sato, H. Kobayashi, M. Yabuki, and M. Shiobara, 2003: The Antarctic polar stratospheric clouds under the temperature perturbation by nonorographic inertia gravity waves observed by micropulse lidar at Syowa Station. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4105, doi:10.1029/2002JD002713.
45. Smith, R. B., 1980: Linear theory of stratified hydrostatic flow past an isolated mountain. Tellus, 32B, 348364.
46. Tomikawa, Y., K. Sato, S. Watanabe, Y. Kawatani, K. Miyazaki, and M. Takahashi, 2008: Wintertime temperature maximum at the subtropical stratopause in a T213L256 GCM. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D17117, doi:10.1029/2008JD009786.
47. Watanabe, S., K. Sato, and M. Takahashi, 2006: A general circulation model study of orographic gravity waves over Antarctica excited by katabatic winds. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D18104, doi:10.1029/2005JD006851.
48. Watanabe, S., Y. Kawatani, Y. Tomikawa, K. Miyazaki, M. Takahashi, and K. Sato, 2008: General aspects of a T213L256 middle atmosphere general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12110, doi:10.1029/2008JD010026.
49. Watanabe, S., Y. Tomikawa, K. Sato, Y. Kawatani, K. Miyazaki, and M. Takahashi, 2009: Simulation of the eastward 4-day wave in the Antarctic winter mesosphere using a gravity wave resolving general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D16111, doi:10.1029/2008JD011636.
50. Wu, D. L., 2004: Mesoscale gravity wave variances from AMSU-A radiances. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L12114, doi:10.1029/ 2004GL019562.
51. Wu, D. L., and J. W. Waters, 1996: Satellite observations of atmospheric variances: A possible indication of gravity waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 36313634.
52. Wu, D. L., and J. H. Jiang, 2002: MLS observations of atmospheric gravity waves over Antarctica. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4773, doi:10.1029/2002JD002390.
53. Yamashita, C., H.-L. Liu, and X. Chu, 2010: Gravity wave variations during the 2009 stratospheric sudden warming as revealed by ECMWF-T799 and observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L22806, doi:10.1029/2010GL045437.
54. Yoshiki, M., and K. Sato, 2000: A statistical study of gravity waves in the polar regions based on operational radiosonde data. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17 99518 011.
55. Yoshiki, M., N. Kizu, and K. Sato, 2004: Energy enhancements of gravity waves in the Antarctic lower stratosphere associated with variations in the polar vortex and tropospheric disturbances. J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23104, doi:10.1029/2004JD004870.
56. Zhang, F., 2004: Generation of mesoscale gravity waves in the uppertropospheric jetfront systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 440457.