Magma sources involved in the 2002 Nyiragongo eruption, as inferred from an InSAR analysis

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 117, Issue 5, 2012, Pages

  Wauthier, C ^a,b   Cayol, V ^c   Kervyn, F ^a   D'Oreye, N ^d,e  

^a ROYAL MUSEUM FOR CENTRAL AFRICA   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITÉ CLERMONT AUVERGNE   (France)

^d National Museum of Natural History   (Luxembourg)

^e European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology and The Luxembourg National Museum of Natural History   (Luxembourg)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AKAIKE INFORMATION CRITERION; ERS-2; MAGMA; NUMERICAL MODEL; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; RADARSAT; REMOTE SENSING; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC CONGO; GOMA; NORD KIVU; NYIRAGONGO;

EID: 84861433518     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JB008257     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Adelinet, M., J. Fortin, Y. Guéguen, A. Schubnel, and L. Geoffroy (2010), Frequency and fluid effects on elastic properties of basalt: Experimental investigations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02303, doi:10.1029/2009GL041660.
2. Akaike, H. (1974), A new look at the statistical model identification, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, 19(6), 716-723, doi:10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705.
3. Amelung, F., S. Jónsson, H. Zebker, and P. Segall (2000), Widespread uplift and trapdoor faulting on Galapagos volcanoes observed with radar interferometry, Nature, 407(6807), 993-996, doi:10.1038/35039604.
4. Arnadottir, T., P. Segall, and P. Delaney (1991), A fault model for the 1989 Kilauea south flank earthquake from leveling and seismic data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18(12), 2217-2220, doi:10.1029/91GL02691.
5. Baer, G., Y. Hamiel, G. Shamir, and R. Nof (2008), Evolution of a magma driven earthquake swarm and triggering of the nearby Oldoinyo Lengai eruption, as resolved by InSAR, ground observations and elastic modeling, East African Rift, 2007, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 272, 339-352, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04. 052.
6. Battaglia, J., V. Ferrazzini, T. Staudacher, K. Aki, and J.-L. Cheminée (2005), Pre-eruptive migration of earthquakes at the Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Réunion Island), Geophys. J. Int., 161, 549-558, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02606.x. (Pubitemid 40706688)
7. Biggs, J., F. Amelung, N. Gourmelen, T. H. Dixon, and S.-W. Kim (2009), InSAR observations of 2007 Tanzania rifting episode reveal mixed fault and dyke extension in an immature continental rift, Geophys. J. Int., 179, 549-558, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04262.x.
8. Birch, F. (1966), Compressibility; elastic constant, in Handbook of Physical Constants, edited by S. P. Clark Jr., Mem. Geol. Soc. Am., 97, 97-173.
9. Buck, W. R. (2006), The role of magma in the developments of the Afro-Arabian Rift system, Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc., 259, 43-54. (Pubitemid 44018227)
10. Bürgmann, R., P. Rosen, and E. Fielding (2000), Synthetic aperture radar interferometry to measure Earth's surface topography and its deformation, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 28, 169-209, doi:10.1146/annurev. earth.28.1.169.
11. Burt, M. L., G. Wadge, and W. A. Scott (1994), Simple stochastic modelling of the eruption history of a basaltic volcano: Nyamuragira, Zaire, Bull. Volcanol., 56, 87-97.
12. Calais, E., et al. (2008), Strain accommodation by slow slip and dyking in a youthful continental rift, East Africa, Nature, 456, 783-787, doi:10.1038/nature07478.
13. Capaccioni, B., O. Vaselli, A. P. Santo, and M. M. Yalire (2002/2003), Monogenic and polygenic volcanoes in the area between the Nyiragongo summit crater and the lake Kivu shoreline, Acta Vulcanol., 14-15(1-2), 129-136.
14. Capart, A. (1955), L'échosondage dans les lacs du Congo Belge. Techniques et résultats acquis, Bull. Agric. Congo Belge, 46(5), 1075-1110.
15. Carn, S. A. (2002/2003), Eruptive and passing degassing of sulphur dioxide at Nyiragongo volcano (D.R. Congo): The 17 January 2002 eruption and its aftermath, Acta Vulcanol., 14-15(1-2), 75-86.
16. Cayol, V. (1996), Analyse élastostatique tridimenseionnelle du champs de déformations des édifices volcaniques par éléments frontières mixtes, PhD thesis, Univ. de Paris VII, Paris.
17. Cayol, V., and F. H. Cornet (1997), 3D mixed boundary elements for elas-tostatic deformations fields analysis, Int. J. Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 34, 275-287, doi:10.1016/S0148-9062(96)00035-6. (Pubitemid 27269676)
18. Chen, C. W., and H. A. Zebker (2001), Two-dimensional phase unwrapping with use of statistical models for cost functions in nonlinear optimization, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A Opt. Image Sci. Vis., 18, 338-351, doi:10.1364/JOSAA.18.000338.
19. Cheng, C. H., and D. H. Johnston (1981), Dynamic and static moduli, Geophys. Res. Lett., 8(1), 39-42, doi:10.1029/GL008i001p00039.
20. Chorowicz, J. (2005), The East African rift system, J. Afr. Earth Sci., 43, 379-410, doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.019. (Pubitemid 43032943)
21. Colclough, S. (2005), Investigations of Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo volcanoes (DRC), using interferometric synthetic aperture radar, PhD thesis, Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, U. K.
22. d'Oreye, N., F. Kervyn, E. Calais, V. Cayol, J. Fernández, C. Frischknecht, P. Gonzales, S. Heleno, A. Oyen, and C. Wauthier (2008), Systematic InSAR monitoring of African active volcanic zones: What we have learned in two years, or an harvest beyond our expectations, in Second Workshop on USE of Remote Sensing Techniques for Monitoring Volcanoes and Seismogenic Areas, 2008. USERest 2008, pp. 1-6, IEEE, Washington, D. C., doi:10.1109/USEREST.2008.4740361.
23. d'Oreye, N., et al. (2011), Source parameters of the 2008 Bukavu-Cyangugu earthquake estimated from InSAR and teleseismic data, Geophys. J. Int., 184, 934-948, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04899.x.
24. Dahm, T. (2000), Numerical simulations of the propagation path and the arrest of fluid-filled fractures in the Earth, Geophys. J. Int., 141, 623-638, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00102.x. (Pubitemid 30341974)
25. Delaney, P. T., and D. D. Pollard (1981), Deformation of host rocks and flow of magma during growth of minette dikes and breccia-bearing intrusions near Ship Rock, New Mexico, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 1202, 61 pp. (Pubitemid 13267987)
26. Demant, A., P. Lestrade, R. T. Lubala, A. B. Kampunzu, and J. Durieux (1994), Volcanological and petrological evolution of Nyiragongo volcano, Virunga volcanic field, Zaire, Bull. Volcanol., 56, 47-61. (Pubitemid 24426693)
27. Denaeyer, M. E. (1963), Les hyaloclastites de la rive nord du lac Kivu (Congo), Bull. Volcanol., 25(1), 201-215, doi:10.1007/BF02596551.
28. Durieux, J. (2002/2003), Volcano Nyiragongo (D. R. Congo): Evolution of the crater and lava lakes from the discovery to the present, Acta Vulca-nol., 14-15(1-2), 137-144.
29. Ebinger, C. J. (1989a), Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 101, 885-903, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1989)1012.3.CO;2.
30. Ebinger, C. J. (1989b), Geometric and Kinematic development of border faults and 539 accommodation zones, Kivu-Rusizi Rift, Africa, Tectonics, 8(1), 117-133, doi:10.1029/TC008i001p00117.
31. Farr, T. G., et al. (2007), The shuttle radar topography mission, Rev. Geophys., 45, RG2004, doi:10.1029/2005RG000183. (Pubitemid 47323999)
32. Fukushima, Y., V. Cayol, and P. Durand (2005), Finding realistic dike models from interferometric synthetic aperture radar data: The February 2000 eruption at Piton de la Fournaise, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B03206, doi:10.1029/2004JB003268. (Pubitemid 40959085)
33. Fukushima, Y., V. Cayol, P. Durand, and D. Massonnet (2010), Evolution of magma conduits during the 1998-2000 eruptions of Piton de la Fournaise volcano, Réunion Island, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10204, doi:10.1029/2009JB007023.
34. Giordano, D., M. Polacci, A. Longo, P. Papale, D. B. Dingwell, E. Boschi, and K. Kasereka (2007), Thermo-rheological magma control on the impact of highly fluid lava flows at Mt. Nyiragongo, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06301, doi:10.1029/2006GL028459. (Pubitemid 46865291)
35. Goldstein, R. M., and C. L. Werner (1998), Radar interferogram filtering for geophysical applications, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(21), 4035-4038, doi:10.1029/1998GL900033. (Pubitemid 29094500)
36. Grandin R., et al. (2009), September 2005 Manda Hararo-Dabbahu rifting event, Afar (Ethiopia): Constraints provided by geodetic data, J. Geophys. Res., 114, B08404, doi:10.1029/2008JB005843.
37. Grandin, R., A. Socquet, E. Jacques, N. Mazzoni, J. B. de Chabalier, and G. C. P. King (2010), Sequence of rifting in Afar, Manda-Hararo rift, Ethiopia, 2005-2009: Time-space evolution and interactions between dikes from interferometric synthetic aperture radar and static stress change modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10413, doi:10.1029/2009JB000815.
38. Gudmundsson, A., and R. E. B. Andrew (2007), Mechanical interaction between active volcanoes in Iceland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L10310, doi:10.1029/2007GL029873. (Pubitemid 47064810)
39. Hanssen, R. F. (2001), Radar Interferometry: Data Interpretation and Error Analysis, Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
40. Kavotha, S. K., T. Mavonga, J. Durieux, and K. Mukambilwa (2002/2003), Towards a more detailed seismic picture of the January 17th, 2002, Nyiragongo eruption, Acta Vulcanol., 14-15(1-2), 87-100.
41. Keir, D., et al. (2009), Evidence for focused magmatic accretion at segment centers from lateral dike injections captured beneath the Red Sea rift in Afar, Geology, 37, 59-62, doi:10.1130/G25147A.1.
42. King, G. C. P., R. S. Stein, and J. Lin (1994), Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 84(3), 935-953.
43. Komorowski, J.-C., et al. (2002/2003), The January 2002 flank eruption of Nyiragongo volcano (Democratic Republic of Congo): Chronology, evidence for a tectonic rift trigger, and impact of lava flows on the city of Goma, Acta Vulcanol., 14-15(1-2), 27-61.
44. Louaradi, D. (1994), Etude isotopique (Carbone, oxygène) et microthermo-métrique (inclusions fluides et vitreuses) des magmas alcalins et carbo-natitiques du rift Est africain et de la presqu'île de Kola, PhD thesis, Univ. de Paris VII, Paris.
45. Love, A. E. H. (1927), The Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K. (Dover reprint, ISBN:0486601749).
46. Massonnet, D., and K. L. Feigl (1998), Radar interferometry and its application to changes in the earth's surface, Rev. Geophys., 36, 441-500, doi:10.1029/97RG03139. (Pubitemid 29083897)
47. Masterlark, T. (2007), Magma intrusion and deformation predictions: Sensitivities to the Mogi assumptions, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B06419, doi:10.1029/2006JB004860. (Pubitemid 47364492)
48. Mavonga, T. G. (2007), Some characteristics of aftershocks sequences of major earthquakes from 1994 to 2002 in the Kivu province, western Rift Valley of Africa, Tectonophysics, 439, 1-12, doi:10.1016/j. tecto.2007.01.006.
49. Mavonga, T. G. (2010), Crustal structure beneath two seismic broadband stations revealed from teleseismic P wave receiver function analysis in the Virunga volcanic area, Western Rift, J. Afr. Earth Sci., 58, 820-828, doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.11.003.
50. Meyer, A. (1953), Le volcan Nyamuragira et son éruption de 1951-1952, Bull. Inst. R. Col. Belges, 24, 233-287.
51. Mishina, M. (1983), Gravity survey in and around volcanoes Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo, in Volcanoes Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira: Geophysical Aspects, edited by H. Hamaguchi, pp. 69-74, Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan.
52. Montgomery-Brown, E. K., P. Segall, and A. Miklius (2009), Kilauea slow slip events: Identification, source inversions, and relation to seismicity, J. Geophys. Res., 114, B00A03, doi:10.1029/2008JB006074.
53. Nishimura, T., S. Ozawa, M. Murakami, T. Sagiya, T. Tada, M. Kaidzu, and M. Ukawa (2001), Crustal deformation caused by magma migration in the northern Izu Islands, Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(19), 3745-3748, doi:10.1029/ 2001GL013051. (Pubitemid 32997244)
54. Okada, Y. (1985), Surface deformation due to a shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 75(4), 1135-1154.
55. Pallister, J., et al. (2010), Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia, Nat. Geosci., 3, 705-712, doi:10.1038/ngeo966.
56. Parsons, T., Y. Ogata, J. Zhuang, and E. L. Geist (2012), Evaluation of static stress change forecasting with prospective and blind test, Geophys. J. Int., 188(3), 1425-1440, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05343.x.
57. Platz, T., S. F. Foley, and L. Andre (2004), Low-pressure fractionation of the Nyiragongo volcanic rocks, Virunga Province, D. R. Congo, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 136, 269-295, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.05.020. (Pubitemid 39131229)
58. Poland, M. (2006), InSAR captures rifting and volcanism in East Africa, Alaska Satell. Facil. News Notes, 3, 1, 3.
59. Rivalta, E., and T. Dahm (2005), Buoyancy-driven fracture ascent; experiments in layered gelatine, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 144, 273-285, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.11.030. (Pubitemid 40876219)
60. Rivalta, E., and T. Dahm (2006), Acceleration of buoyancy-driven fractures and magmatic dikes beneath the free surface, Geophys. J. Int., 166(3), 1424-1439, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.02962.x. (Pubitemid 44268860)
61. Rivalta, E., and P. Segall (2008), Magma compressibility and the missing source for some dike intrusions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L04306, doi:10.1029/2007GL032521. (Pubitemid 351721406)
62. Rosen, P. A., S. Hensley, G. Peltzer, and M. Simons (2004), Updated repeat orbit interferometry package released, Eos Trans. AGU, 85(5), 47, doi:10.1029/2004EO050004.
63. Rubin, A. M. (1990), A comparison of rift-zone tectonics in Iceland and Hawaii, Bull. Volcanol., 52, 302-319, doi:10.1007/BF00304101.
64. Rubin, A. M. (1992), Dike-induced faulting and graben subsidence in volcanic rift zones, J. Geophys. Res., 97(B2), 1839-1858, doi:10.1029/91JB02170.
65. Rubin, A. M. (1995), Propagation of magma-filled cracks, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 23, 287-336, doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.001443.
66. Rubin, A. M., D. Gillard, and J.-L. Got (1998), A reinterpretation of seismicity associated with the January 1983 dike intrusions a Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, J. Geophys. Res., 103(B5), 10,003-10,015, doi:10.1029/97JB03513.
67. Sambridge, M. (1999a), Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm-I. Searching a parameter space, Geophys. J. Int., 138, 479-494, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.1999.00876.x. (Pubitemid 29511543)
68. Sambridge, M. (1999b), Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm-II. Appraising the ensemble, Geophys. J. Int., 138, 727-746, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00900.x.
69. Schmid, M., M. Halbwachs, B. Wehrli, and A. Wuest (2005), Weak mixing in Lake Kivu: New insight indicate increasing risk of uncontrolled gas eruption, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q07009, doi:10.1029/2004GC000892.
70. Schmid, M., M. Busbridge, and A. Wüest (2010), Double diffusive convection in Lake Kivu, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55(1), 225-238, doi:10.4319/lo.2010. 55.1.0225.
71. Shuler, A., and G. Ekström (2009), Anomalous earthquakes associated with Nyiragongo volcano: Observations and potential mechanisms, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 181, 219-230, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.011.
72. Smets, B., C. Wauthier, and N. d'Oreye (2010a), A new map of the lava flow field of Nyamulagira (D.R. Congo) from satellite imagery, J. Afr. Earth Sci., 58, 778-786.
73. Smets, B., M. Kervyn, F. Kervyn, N. d'Oreye, and C. Wauthier (2010b), New insights into eruptive activity and lava flow hazard at Nyamulagira volcano, D.R.C., from a new GIS-based lava flow map, Abstract V11C-2288 presented at 2010 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, Calif., 13-17 Dec.
74. Stamps, D. S., E. Calais, E. Saria, C. Hartnady, J.-M. Nocquet, C. J. Ebinger, and R. Fernandes (2008), A kinematic model for the East African Rift, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L05304, doi:10.1029/2007GL032781. (Pubitemid 351675994)
75. Stein, R. S., G. C. P. King, and J. Lin (1992), change in failure stress on the southern San Andreas fault system caused by the 1992 magnitude = 7.4 Landers earthquake, Science, 258, 1328-1332. (Pubitemid 23387791)
76. Sun, J., K. J. M. Johnson, Z. Cao, Z. Shen, R. Burgmann, and X. Xu (2011), Mechanical constraints on inversion of coseismic geodetic data for fault slip and geometry: Example from InSAR observation of the October 2008 Mw Dangxiong-Yangyi (Tibet) earthquake, J. Geophys. Res., 116, B01406, doi:10.1029/2010JB007849.
77. Tanaka, K. (1983), Seismicity and focal mechanism of the volcanic earthquakes in the Virunga Volcanic region, in Volcanoes Nyira-gongo and Nyamuragira: Geophysical Aspects, edited by H. Hamaguchi, pp. 19-28, Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan.
78. Tazieff, H. (1977), An exceptional eruption: Mt. Nyiragongo, January 10th, 1977, Bull. Volcanol., 40(3), 189-200, doi:10.1007/BF02596999.
79. Tedesco, D., O. Vaselli, P. Papale, S. A. Carn, M. Voltaggio, G. M. Sawyer, J. Durieux, M. Kasereka, and F. Tassi (2007), January 2002 volcano-tectonic eruption of Nyiragongo Volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B09202, doi:10.1029/2006JB004762. (Pubitemid 350091242)
80. Townend, J., and M. D. Zoback (2000), How faulting keeps the crust strong, Geology, 28(5), 399-402, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)282.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 32836050)
81. Traversa, P., V. Pinel, and J. R. Grasso (2010), A constant influx model for dike propagation: Implications for magma reservoir dynamics, J. Geo-phys. Res., 115, B01201, doi:10.1029/2009JB006559.
82. Villeneuve M. (1980), La structure du Rift Africain dans la Région du Lac Kivu 680(Zaïre oriental), Bull. Volcanol., 43(3), 541-551, doi:10.1007/BF02597691.
83. Wadge, G., and L. Burt (2011), Stress field control of eruption dynamics at a rift volcano: Nyamuragira, D. R. Congo, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 207, 1-15, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.06.012.
84. Wauthier, C. (2007), Modélisation des déplacements InSAR survenus au Nyiragongo en janvier 2002, Mém. de Master, vol. 2, Magmas et Vol-cans, 55 pp., Univ. Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
85. Wauthier, C., et al. (2009) L-band and c-band InSAR studies of African volcanic areas, in 2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IGARSS 2009, vol. II, pp. 210-213, IEEE, Washington, D. C., doi:10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5418043.
86. Wong, H.-K., and R. P. Von Herzen (1974), A geophysical study of Lake Kivu, East Africa, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 37, 371-389, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1974.tb04091.x.
87. Wright, T. J., B. E. Parsons, and Z. Lu (2004), Towards mapping surface deformation in three dimensions using InSAR, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L01607, doi:10.1029/2003GL018827.
88. Wright, T. J., C. Ebinger, J. Biggs, A. Ayele, G. Yirgu, D. Keir, and A. Stork (2006), Magma-maintained rift segmentation at continental rupture in the 2005 Afar dyking episode, Nature, 442(7100), 291-294, doi:10.1038/nature04978. (Pubitemid 44114902)
89. Yun, S., P. Segall, and H. Zebker (2006), Constraints on magma chamber geometry at Sierra Negra Volcano, Galápagos Islands, based on InSAR observations, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 150, 232-243, doi:10.1016/j. jvolgeores.2005.07.009. (Pubitemid 43173911)
90. Zana, N., and H. Hamaguchi (1978), Some characteristics of aftershocks sequences in the western Rift Valley of Africa, Tokohu Geophys J., 25(2), 55-72.
91. Zeller, S. S., and D. D. Pollard (1992), Boundary conditions for rock fracture analysis using the boundary element method, J. Geophys. Res., 97(B2), 1991-1997, doi:10.1029/91JB02254.
92. Zucca, J. J., D. P. Hill, and R. L. Kovach (1982), Crustal structure of Mauna Loa volcano, Hawaii, from seismic refraction and gravity data, Bull. Seis-mol. Soc. Am., 72, 1535-1550.