Economic and employment implications of a carbon market for industrial plantation forestry

Land Use Policy

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 528-540

  Paul, K I ^a   Reeson, A ^a   Polglase, P J ^a   Ritson, P ^b  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

^b DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

3PG; Carbon sequestration; Emissions; FullCAM; Soil; Wood products

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL LAND; CARBON BALANCE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON EMISSION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; EMPLOYMENT; FOREST SOIL; PLANTATION FORESTRY; WOOD;

AUSTRALIA;

EID: 84861412604     PISSN: 02648377     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.04.015     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics), 2011. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods (Cat. No. 6102.0.55.001).
2. Addicott, S., 2003. Socio-Economic Study of the Forest Industries in Central Victoria. A URS Forestry Report Prepared for Central Victorian Farm Plantations Committee (CVFPC), Ballarat, Australia.
3. Aldwell P.H.B., Whyte J. Impacts of forest sector growth in Bruce County, Otago: a case study. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 1984, 29:269-295.
4. Burns, K., Walker, D., Hansard, A., 1999. Forest Plantations on Cleared Agricultural Land in Australia: A Regional Economic Analysis. ABARE Research Report 99.11, Canberra.
5. Burns, K., Vendi, J., Heyhoe, E., Ahammad, H., 2009. Opportunities for Forestry Under the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: An Examination of Some Key Factors. ABARE Insights 09.1, p. 21.
6. Burns, K., Hug, B., Lawson, K., Ahammad, H., Zhang, K., 2011. Abatement Potential from Reforestation under Selected Carbon Price Scenarios. ABARES Special Report, Canberra.
7. CFPLM (Centre for Farm Planning and Land Management), 1989. Consultant's Report to State Plantations Impact Study, May 1989. Report Prepared for the Steering Committee State Plantations Impact Study by the CFPLM, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Melbourne.
8. Coggan A., Whitten S.M., Bennett J. Influences of transaction costs in environmental policy. Ecological Economics 2010, 69:1777-1784.
9. DCCEE (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency), 2010. Design of the Carbon Farming Initiative: Discussion Paper, Canberra, Australia.
10. DCCEE (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) 2011. Australia's National Greenhouse Gas Inventory as Shown in Figure 7.A24 of Australia's National Accounts: National Inventory Report 2009. Chapter 7, Volume 2, Canberra, Australia.
11. De Fégely, R., Stephens, M., Hansard, A., 2011. Review of Policies and Investment Models to Support Continued Plantation Investment in Australia. Market Access and Development Project PRA189-1011. Forest and Wood Products Australia, p. 94.
12. Farnsworth M.C. The social impact of forest development in Northland. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 1983, 28:246-254.
13. Garnaut R. The Garnaut Review 2011: Australia in the Global Response to Climate Change 2011, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK/Melbourne, Australia.
14. Garnaut, R., 2011. 'Weighing the Costs and Benefits of Climate Change Action', Garnaut Climate Change Review Update Paper 1, Canberra, Australia.
15. GHD Hassall The Implications of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Policies on the Demand for Agriculture Land 2010, Australian Farm Institute, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia.
16. Gifford, R., 2000. Carbon Content of Woody Roots: Revised Analysis and a Comparison with Woody Shoot Components (Revision 1). National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 7, Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra.
17. Gifford, R., 2000. Carbon Content of Aboveground Tissue of Forestand Woodland Trees. National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 22, Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra.
18. Guo L.B., Gifford R.M. Soil carbon stocks and land-use change: a meta analysis. Global Change Biology 2002, 8:345-360.
19. Hamilton K., Sjardin M., Shapiro A. Fortifying the Foundation: State of Voluntary Carbon Markets 2009 2009.
20. Harper R.J., Beck A.C., Barrett D.J., Hill M., Ritson P., Tomlinson R., Mitchell C., Mann S.S. Opportunities for the Western Australian Land Management Sector Arising from Greenhouse Gas Abatement 2003, Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Accounting, Canberra.
21. Harper R.J., Beck A.C., Ritson P., Hill M.J., Mitchell C.D., Barrett D.J., Smettem K.R.J., Mann S.S. The potential of greenhouse sinks to underwrite improved land management. Ecological Engineering 2007, 29:329-341.
22. Hassall, A., 2008. Quantifying the Value of Farm Forestry: A National Level Analysis. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) Report 08-147, Canberra, Australia.
23. Hayter, M., 2003. Review of Studies of the Socio-Economic Impact of Forest Industries in Australia. Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation. Project No. PN03.1314, p. 48.
24. Hug B., Ahammad H. The economics of Australian agriculture's participation in carbon offset markets. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences. Outlook Conference 2001 2011.
25. Ilic, J., Boland, D., McDonald, M., Downes, G., Blakemore, P., 2000. Woody Density Phase 1 - State of Knowledge. National Carbon Accounting System - Technical Report No. 18, Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra.
26. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry 2003.
27. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Pingoud, K., Skog, K.E., Martino, D.L., Tonosaki, M., Xiaoquan, Z. Volume 4, Chapter 12: Agriculture, Forestry and other Land-Use 2006.
28. Jaakko Pöyry Consulting (Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd., 1999. Usage and Life Cycle of Wood Products. National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 8. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia.
29. Jaakko Pöyry Consulting (Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd., 2000. Analysis of Wood Product Accounting Options for the National Carbon Accounting System. National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 24. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia.
30. Johnson D.W., Curtis P.S. Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis. Forest Ecology and Management 2001, 140:227-238.
31. Lawson K., Burns K., Low K., Heyhoe E., Ahammad H. Analysing the Economic Potential of Forestry for Carbon Sequestration Under Alternative Carbon Price Paths November 2008, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Canberra.
32. Manley B. Discount rates used for forest valuation - results of 2007 survey. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 2007, 52:21-27.
33. Mather A.S., Murray N.C. Employment and private-sector afforestation in Scotland. Journal of Rural Studies 1987, 3:207-218.
34. Micales J.A., Skog K.E. The decomposition of forest products in landfills. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 1997, 39:145-158.
35. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment, 2011. New Zealand's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2009: Fulfilling Reporting Requirements Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and New Zealand's Submission under Article 7.1 of the Kyoto Protocol. Wellington 6143, New Zealand.
36. NSW GGAS, November 2005. Greenhouse Gas Benchmark Rule (Carbon Sequestration) No. 5. Guide to Applying to Become an Accredited Abatement Certificate Provider, Carbon Sequestration. NSW Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme.
37. Paul K.I., Polglase P.J., Nyakuengama J.G., Khanna P.K. Change in soil carbon following afforestation. Forest Ecology and Management 2002, 168:241-257.
38. Paul K.I., Polglase P.J., Richards G.P. Predicting change in soil carbon following afforestation or reforestation, and analysis of controlling factors by linking a C accounting model (CAMFor) to models of forest growth (3PG), litter decomposition (GEN DEC) and soil C turnover (RothC). Forest Ecology and Management 2003, 177:485-501.
39. Paul K., Polglase P.J., Richards G.P. Sensitivity analysis of predicted change in soil carbon following afforestation. Ecological Modelling 2003, 164:137-152.
40. Paul K.I., Polglase P.J. Prediction of decomposition of litter under eucalypts and pines using the FullCAM model. Forest Ecology and Management 2004, 191:73-92.
41. Paul K.I., Polglase P.J. Calibration of the Roth-C model to turnover of soil carbon under eucalypts and pines. Australian Journal of Soil Research 2004, 42:883-895.
42. Paul K.I., Polglase P.J., Snowdon P., Theiveyanathan S., Raison J., Grove T., Rance S. Calibration and uncertainty analysis of a carbon accounting model to stem wood density and partitioning of biomass for Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata. New Forests 2006, 31:513-533.
43. Paul K.I., Booth T.H., Jovanovic T., Sands P.J., Morris J.D. Calibration of the forest growth model 3-PG to eucalypt plantations growing in low rainfall regions of Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 2007, 243:237-247.
44. Petheram J., Patterson A., Williams K., Jenkin B., Nettle R. Socioeconomic Impact of Changing Land use in South West Victoria 2000, Institute of Land and Food Resources, University of Melbourne, Melbourne.
45. Peters-Stanley M., Hamilton K., Marcello T., Sjardin M. Back to the Future: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2011 2011, Ecosystem Marketplace and Bloomberg New Energy Finance.
46. Polglase, P.J., Paul, K.I, Hawkins, C., Siggins, A., Turner, J., Booth, T., Crawford, D., Jovanovic, T., Hobbs, T., Opie, K., Almeida, A., Carter, J., 2008. Regional Opportunities for Agroforestry Systems in Australia. RIRDC Publication No. 08/176.
47. Polglase P., Reeson A., Hawkins C., Paul K., Carwardine J., Siggins A., Turner J., Crawford D., Jovanovic T., Hobbs T., Opie K., Almeida A. Opportunities for Carbon Forestry in Australia: 1. Economic Assessment and Constraints to Implementation 2011.
48. Prospect Consulting Pty Ltd. The Timber Industry in North East Victoria A Socio Economic Assessment 2002, Plantations North East Inc., Albury, Australia.
49. Richards K., Stokes C. A review of forest carbon sequestration cost studies: a dozen years of research. Climatic Change 2004, 63:1-48.
50. Richards G.P., Brack C.L. A continental biomass stock and stock change estimation approach for Australia. Australian Forestry 2004, 67:284-288.
51. Richards G.P., Brack C.L. A modelled carbon account for Australia's post-1990 plantation estate. Australian Forestry 2004, 67:289-300.
52. Schirmer J., Tonts M. Plantations and unstainable rural communities. Australian Forestry 2003, 66:67-74.
53. Schirmer, J., Parsons, M., Charalambou, C., Gavran, M., 2005. Socio-economic Impacts of Plantation Forestry in the Great Southern region of WA, 1991-2004. Report for Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation (FWPRDC) PN04, 4007.
54. Schirmer J. Plantations and social conflict: exploring the differences between small-scale and large-scale plantation forestry. Small-Scale Forestry 2007, 6:19-33.
55. Schirmer, J., 2008. Forestry, Jobs and Spending: Forest Industry Employment and Expenditure in Tasmania, 2005-2006. Cooperative Research for Forestry Technical Report 189 Hobart, Australia.
56. Schirmer, J., Williams, K., Borschmann, P., Dunn, C., 2008. Living with Land use Change: Different Views and Perspectives. Report Prepared for the Socio-economic Impacts of Land use Change in the Green Triangle and Central Victoria Study.
57. Schirmer, J., Loxton, E., Campbell-Wilson, A., 2008. Impacts of Land use Change to Farm Forestry and Plantation Forestry: A Survey of landholders. CRC Forestry Technical Report 190, Hobart Australia.
58. Schirmer, J., 2009. Socioeconomic Impacts of the Plantation Industry on Rural Communities in Western Australia. CRC Forestry Technical Report 198, Hobart, Australia.
59. Snowdon, P., Eamus, D., Gibbons, P., Khanna, H., Raison, J. and Kirschbaum, M., 2000. Synthesis of Allometrics, Review of Root Biomass and Design of Future Woody Biomass Sampling Strategies. National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 17. Australian Greenhouse Office, Canberra, Australia.
60. Stevens M.L., McKenney D.W., Campbell K. Afforestation potential in Canada: a spatial analysis of economic land suitability with carbon sequestration benefits. Proceedings of the International Science Conference 'The Role of Boreal Forests and Forestry in the Global Carbon Budget', Edmonton, AB, May 8-12, 2000 2002, 201-215. Canadian Forest Services, Edmonton, AB. C.H. Shaw, M.J. Apps (Eds.).
61. Stewart H.T.L., Digby R.H., Curtis A.L. New forests in changing landscapes in south-east Australia. International Forestry Review 2011, 13:67-79.
62. Stewart H.T.L., Digby R.H., Curtis A.L., Stewart A.J.K. A case study of socio-economic returns from farm forestry and agriculture in south-east Australia during 1993-2007. Forest Policy and Economics 2011, 13:390-395.
63. Tonts, M., Campbell, C., Black, A., 2001. Socio-economic Impacts of Farm forestry. A Report for the RIRDC/LWRRDC/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program, May 2001. RIRDC Publication No. 01/45. RIRDC, Canberra.
64. Tucker, S.N. Tharumarajah, A., May, B., England, J., Paul, K., Hall, M., Mitchell, P., Rouwette, R., Seo, S., Syme, M., 2009. Life Cycle Inventory of Australian Forestry and Wood Products. Report for Forest & Wood Products Australia Limited, Project No.: PNA008-0708, p. 84.
65. UNFCCC, 2010. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties Under the Kyoto Protocol Fifteenth Session Cancun. Consideration of Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol. UNFCCC/KP/AWG/2010/L.8/Add.1, p. 72.
66. URS Forestry, 2003. Evaluation of Environmental Services Provided by Farm Forestry - A Discussion Paper, Prepared for Private Forests Tasmania.
67. Waterworth R.M., Richards G.P., Brack C.L., Evans D.M.W. A generalised hybrid process-empirical model for predicting plantation forest growth. Forest Ecology and Management 2007, 238:231-243.
68. Williams, K., Dunn, C., Ford, R., Anderson, N., 2008. Understanding Residents' Views on Land Use Change. CRC Forestry Technical Report 187, Hobart, Australia.
69. Ximenes, F.A., Cowie, A. 2008. Carbon in forest products: the opportunity. Presentation to the Australian Bureau of Agricultural Research Economics (ABARE) Outlook Conference, 4-5 March, 2008.
70. Ximenes F.A., Gardner W.D., Cowie A.L. The decomposition of wood products in landfills in Sydney, Australia. Waste Management 2008, 28:2344-2354.