China's unbalanced sex ratio at birth, millions of excess bachelors and societal implications

Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 314-320

  Poston Jr , Dudley L ^a   Conde, Eugenia ^a   DeSalvo, Bethany ^a  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

batchelors; China; sex ratio at birth; sexually transmitted infections

Indexed keywords

EID: 84861158487     PISSN: 17450128     EISSN: 17450136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2011.630428     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Arnold, F. and Liu, Z. 1986. Sex preference, fertility, and family planning in China. Population and Development Review, 12: 221-246.
2. Courtwright, D.T. 2001. Violent land, single men and social disorder from the frontier to the inner city, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3. Eberstadt, N. 2000. Prosperous paupers and other population problems, New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
4. Goodkind, D. 1996. On substituting sex preference strategies in East Asia: Does prenatal sex selection reduce postnatal discrimination?. Population Research and Policy Review, 22: 111-125.
5. Gu, B. and Roy, K. 1995. Sex ratio at birth in China, with reference to other areas in East Asia: What we know. Asia-Pacific Population Journal, 10: 17-42.
6. Hajnal, J. 1965. "European marriage patterns in perspective". In Population in history, Edited by: Glass, D.V. and Eversley, D.E.C. 101-143. London: Edward Arnold.
7. Huang, R. and Liu, Y. 1995. Mortality data of China, Beijing: China Population and Information Research Center.
8. Hudson, V.M. and Den Boer, A. 2002. A surplus of men, a deficit of peace. International Security, 26: 5-38.
9. Hudson, V.M. and Den Boer, A. 2004. Bare branches: Security implications of Asia's surplus male population, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
10. Hvistendahl, M. 2011. Unnatural selection: Choosing boys over girls, and the consequences of a world full of men, New York, NY: Public Affairs Books.
11. Jha, P., Kumar, R., Vasa, P., Dhingra, N., Thiruchelvam, D. and Moineddin, R. 2006. Low male-to-female sex ratio of children born in India: National survey of 1.1 million households. Lancet, 367: 211-218.
12. Kim, D. 1997. The pattern of changing trends and the regional difference in the sex ratio at birth: Evidence from Korea and Jilin Province, China. Korea Journal of Population and Development, 26: 19-24.
13. Klasen, S. and Wink, C. 2002. A turning point in gender bias in mortality? An update on the number of missing women. Population and Development Review, 28: 285-312.
14. Lee, B.J. 1981. "Female infanticide in China". In Women in China: Current directions and historical scholarship, Edited by: Guisso, Richard W. and Johannesen, Stanley. 163-167. Youngstown, NY: Philo.
15. Lee, J., Wang, F. and Campbell, C. 1994. Infant and child mortality among the Qing nobility: Implications for two types of positive checks. Population Studies, 48: 1-17.
16. Ministry of Health of China. 2005. Update on the HIV/AIDS epidemic and response in China, Beijing: Ministry of Health, UNAIDS, WHO.
17. Parish, W.L., Laumann, E.O., Cohen, M.S., Pan, S.M., Zheng, H.Y., Hoffman, I. and Ng, K.H. 2003. Population-based study of chlamydial infection in China: A hidden epidemic. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289: 1265-1273.
18. Park, C.B. and Cho, N. 1995. Consequences of son preference in a low-fertility society: Imbalance of the sex ratio at birth in Korea. Population and Development Review, 21: 59-84.
19. Pison, G. 2004. "Fewer births, but a boy at all costs: Selective female abortion in Asia". In Population and Societies Vol. 404, 1-4.
20. Poston, D.L. Jr. and Glover, K.S. 2005. Too many males: Marriage market implications of gender imbalances in China. Genus, LXI: 119-140.
21. Poston, D.L. Jr. and Glover, K.S. 2006. "China's demographic destiny: Marriage market implications for the twenty-first century". In Fertility, family planning, and population policy in China, Edited by: Poston, D.L. Jr., Lee, C.-F., Chang, C.-F., McKibben, S.L. and Walther, C.S. 172-186. London, UK: Routledge.
22. Poston, D.L. Jr, Gu, B., Liu, P. and McDaniel, T. 1997. Son preference and the sex ratio at birth in China. Social Biology, 44: 55-76.
23. Poston, D.L. Jr and L, Zhang. 2009. "China's unbalanced sex ratio at birth: How many surplus boys have been born since the 1980s?". In Gender policy and HIV in China: Catalyzing policy change, Edited by: Tucker, J., Poston, D.L., Ren, Q., Gu, B., Zheng, X.Y., Wang, S. and Russell, C. 57-69. New York, NY: Springer.
24. Sen, A. 1990. "More than 100 million women are missing". In New York Review of Books Vol. 37, 61-66.
25. Sheth, S.S. 2006. Missing female births in India. Lancet, 367: 185-186.
26. March 6. The worldwide war on baby girls. Economist, 394: 77-80., 2010
27. Tucker, J.D., Henderson, G.E., Wang, T.F., Huang, Y.Y., Parish, W.L., Pan, S.M. and Cohen, M.S. 2005. Surplus men, sex work, and the spread of HIV in China. AIDS, 19: 539-547.
28. Tuljapurkar, S., Li, N. and Feldman, M.W. 1995. High sex ratios in China's future. Science, 267: 874-876.
29. York, G. April 28 2007. "Beijing's bachelor bulge: The unprecedented surplus of boys". In Globe and Mail April 28,