Should potentially hazardous industry be assessed on its merits?

Environmental and Planning Law Journal

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 45-53

  Sullivan, Rory ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84861110102     PISSN: 0813300X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. OECD, OECD Environment Monograph No 19: Risk Assessment and Risk Management for Accidents Connected with Industrial Activities Paris: OECD, 1989 pp 13-14, provides a list of the major industrial accidents and the consequences of these accidents (in terms of deaths, injuries and evacuations) which occurred between 1974 and 1987.
2. OECD, OECD Environment Monograph No 30: Workshop on the Role of Public Authorities in Preventing Major Accidents and Major Accident Land Use Planning (OECD, Paris, 1990), P 35.
3. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand, Risk Management AS/NZS 4360:1995 (Standards Australia, Sydney, 1995), p 5.
4. Beer T & Ziolkowski F, "Environmental Risk Assessment: An Australian Perspective Supervising Scientist Report, " Supervising Scientist, No 102, (Canberra), 1995, p 4.
5. J Cameron, "The Precautionary Principle-Core Meaning, Constitutional Framework and Procedures for Implementation, " Paper presented at the Precautionary. Principle Conference, Institute of Environmental Studies, UNSW, September 1993, p8.
6. In toxicology, risk is taken to mean the probability that humans or other receptors, exposed to some known concentration of an agent, will be affected (and to what extent) by that agent (see, for example, CO Abernathy and WC Roberts, "Risk Assessment in the Environmental Protection Agency" (1994) 39 Journal of Hazardous Materials pp 135-142 at 135-6; and, OECD, OECD Environment Monograph No 105: Report of the OECD Workshop on Environmental Hazard/Risk Assessment (OECD, Paris: 1995), p 21.
7. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
8. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
9. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
10. Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 3: Risk Assessment, 3rd ed (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1994), p 4.
11. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
12. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
13. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
14. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
15. National Research Council, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process 1983, pp 11-14.
16. P Johnston, D Santillo D and RStringer, "Risk Assessment and Reality: Recognizing the Limitations" in M Quint, D Taylor and R Purchase, Environmental Impact of Chemicals: Assessment and Control (Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 1996), pp 223-239 at 235.
17. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
18. A Dale and M Lane "Strategic Perspectives Analysis: A Procedure for Participatory and Political SIA" (1994) 7 Society and Natural Resources 253-268.
19. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
20. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
21. A Dale and M Lane "Strategic Perspectives Analysis: A Procedure for Participatory and Political SIA" (1994) 7 Society and Natural Resources 253-268.
22. See also P L Stenzel, "Right to Know Provisions of California's Proposition 65: The Naivete of the Delaney Clause Revisted" (1991), 15 Harvard Environmental Law Review, pp 502-508, for a further discussion of the sources of subjectivity in risk assessment as a consequence of value judgements in selecting data and in the assumptions used.
23. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
24. Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (NSW).
25. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
26. State Environmental Planning Policy No 33-Hazardous and Offensive Development 1992 (NSW).
27. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
28. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
29. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
30. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
31. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
32. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
33. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
34. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
35. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
36. D Farrier, The Environmental Lava Handbook: Planning and Land Use in New South Wales, 2nd ed (Redfem Legal Centre Publishing, Sydney, 1993), p 180, notes however, that there is no mandatory requirement for consent authorities to consult with public bodies. It is simply necessary to consider the need for such consultation.
37. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
38. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
39. Formerly the NSW Department of Planning
40. NSW Department of Planning, Applying SEPP 33: Hazardous and Offensive Industry Development Application Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1994).
41. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No I: Industry Emergency Planning Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1993).
42. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 2: Fire Safety Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1993).
43. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
44. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 4: Risk Criteria for Land Use Safety Planning, 2nd ed (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1992).
45. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 5: Hazard Audit Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1991).
46. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 6: Guidelines for Hazard Analysis (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1992).
47. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Advisory Planning Paper No 7: Construction Safety Study Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1992).
48. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 8: HAZOP Guidelines (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1995).
49. NSW Department of Planning, Hazardous Industry Planning Advisory Paper No 9: Guidelines for the Development of Safety Management Systems (Department of Planning, Sydney, 1995).
50. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
51. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
52. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
53. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
54. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
55. Environmental Planning and Assessment Regulation 1994 (NSW)
56. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
57. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
58. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
59. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
60. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
61. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
62. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
63. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
64. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
65. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
66. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
67. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
68. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
69. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
70. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
71. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
72. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
73. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
74. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
75. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
76. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
77. Commonly referred to as the domino effect.
78. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
79. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
80. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
81. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
82. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
83. Turney R & Pitblado R (eds), Risk Assessment in the Process Industries, 2nd ed, (Institute of Chemical Engineers, London, 1996), p 120.
84. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
85. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
86. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
87. W Freudenberg, "Perceived Risk, Real Risk, Social Science and the Art of Probabilistic Risk Assessment" in S Cutter (ed), Environmental Risks and Hazards (Prentice Hall, Sydney, 1994) pp 244-256 at 246-247.
88. As evidenced by the recent case in the United Kingdom where a company which was certified to BS7750, the British Standard for environmental management systems, was prosecuted and fined for a spill which led to pollution of a nearby water body (as reported in (1997)265 Environmental Data Service, pp 5-6).
89. A Dale and M Lane "Strategic Perspectives Analysis: A Procedure for Participatory and Political SIA" (1994) 7 Society and Natural Resources 253-268.
90. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
91. (1996) 61(120) Federal Register. 40 CFR Part 68, 31668-31730.
92. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
93. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
94. A similar approach is proposed by the OECD in OECD Environment Monograph No 31: Workshop on Emergency Preparedness and Response and on Research in Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Responses (OECD, Paris, 1990), p 57, which recommends that decisions on appropriate separation distances around major accident hazard facilities should be based on maximum credible accident scenarios.
95. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
96. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
97. K J Walker, The Political Economy of Environmental Policy: An Australian Introduction (UNSW Press, Sydney, 1994), p 291.
98. Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (1986) 25 ILM 1370.
99. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
100. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
101. A Dale and M Lane "Strategic Perspectives Analysis: A Procedure for Participatory and Political SIA" (1994) 7 Society and Natural Resources 253-268.
102. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67
103. See eg, Bill Shaw, "A Virtue Ethics Approach to Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic, " (1997) 19Environmental Ethics53-67