Optimal Dynamic Control of Visitors and Endangered Species in a National Park

Environmental and Resource Economics

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-22

  Bednar Friedl, Birgit ^a   Behrens, Doris A ^b,c   Getzner, Michael ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KLAGENFURT   (Austria)

^c VIENNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Austria)

Author keywords

Bioeconomic model; Ecotourism; Financing and managing national parks; Optimal dynamic control; Species conservation

Indexed keywords

CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; ECOLOGY; ECONOMICS; ECOSYSTEMS;

BIO-ECONOMIC MODEL; ECO-TOURISMS; NATIONAL PARKS; OPTIMAL DYNAMICS; SPECIES CONSERVATIONS;

CONSERVATION;

ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; ECOTOURISM; ENDANGERED SPECIES; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS; FINANCIAL PROVISION; GAMEBIRD; MINIMUM VIABLE POPULATION; NATIONAL PARK; OPTIMIZATION; PARK MANAGEMENT; SPECIES CONSERVATION; TOURIST DESTINATION;

AVES;

EID: 84861002103     PISSN: 09246460     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10640-011-9515-5     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Alexander RR, Shields S (2003) Using land as a control variable in density-dependent bioeconomic models. Ecol Model 170: 193-201.
2. Anderson LG (1993) Toward a complete economic theory of the utilization and management of recreational fisheries. J Environ Econ Manag 24: 272-295.
3. Beale CM, Monaghan P (2004) Human disturbance: people as predation-free predators?. J Appl Ecol 41: 335-343.
4. Bednar-Friedl B, Gebetsroither B, Getzner M (2009) Willingness to pay for species conservation programs: implications for national park funding. Econ Monit 1: 9-14.
5. Behrens DA, Friedl B, Gebetsroither B, Getzner M, Lieb S (2006) Optimal dynamic nature conservation strategies. Klagenfurt/Graz, mimeo (Final research report (project no. 11216) to the Jubiläumsfonds der Oesterreichischen Nationalbank), p 179.
6. Behrens DA, Bednar-Friedl B, Getzner M (2009) Sustainable management of an Alpine national park: handling the two-edged effect of tourism. Central Europ J Oper Res 17: 233-253.
7. Blanc R, Guillemain M, Mouronval J-P, Desmonts D, Fritz H (2006) Effects of non-consumptive leisure disturbance to wildlife. Rev Écol (Terre Vie) 61: 117-133.
8. Boman M, Bostedt G, Persson J (2003) The bioeconomics of the spatial distribution of an endangered species: the case of the Swedish wolf population. J Bioecon 5: 55-74.
9. Breitenmoser U (1998) Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors. Biol Cons 83: 279-289.
10. Brock WA, Xepapadeas A (2004) Management of interacting species: regulation under nonlinearities and hysteresis. Resour Energy Econ 26: 137-156.
11. Buckley R (2009) Evaluating the net effects of ecotourism on the environment: a framework, first assessment and future research. J Sustain Tour 17: 643-672.
12. Bull A (2007) Oceans and coastal tourism: integrating tourism into bioeconomic models. Tour Mar Environ 4: 29-39.
13. Bulte E, Horan RD (2003) Habitat conversion, wildlife extraction and agricultural expansion. J Environ Econ Manage 45: 109-127.
14. Bulte E, van Kooten GC (1999) Economics of antipoaching enforcement and the ivory trade ban. Amer J Agr Econ 81: 453-466.
15. Casagrandi R, Rinaldi S (2002) A theoretical approach to tourism sustainability. Conserv Ecol 6(1): 13.
16. Clark JD, Huber D, Servheen C (2002) Bear reintroductions: lessons and challenges. Ursus 13: 335-345.
17. Conrad JM (1999) Resource economics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
18. Dharmaratne GS, Yee Sang F, Walling LJ (2000) Tourism potentials for financing protected areas. Ann Tour Res 27: 590-610.
19. Duffus DA, Dearden P (1990) Non-consumptive wildlife-oriented recreation: a conceptual framework. Biol Cons 53: 213-231.
20. Eagles PFJ, McCool SF, Haynes CD (2002) Sustainable tourism in protected areas. World commission on protected areas (WCPA) Best practice protected area guidelines series no. 8, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
21. Eichner T, Tschirhart J (2007) Efficient ecosystem services and naturalness in an ecological/economic model. Environ Resour Econ 37: 733-755.
22. European Union (2010) LIFE improving the conservation status of species and habitats: habitats directive article 17 report. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
23. Feichtinger G, Hartl R (1986) Optimale Kontrolle Ökonomischer Prozesse-Anwendungen des Maximumprinzips in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften. deGruyter, Berlin.
24. Ferraro PJ, Uchida T, Conrad JM (2005) Price premiums for eco-friendly commodities: are 'green' markets the best way to protect endangered ecosystems?. Environ Resour Econ 32: 419-438.
25. Friedl B, Behrens DA (2007) Optimal balancing of recreation and wildlife conservation: a case of the Golden Eagle. In: Kontoleon A, Pascual U, Swanson T (eds) Biodiversity economics: principles, methods and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 531.
26. Gaston KJ, Charman K, Jackson SF, Armsworth PR, Bonn A, Briers RA, Callaghan CSQ, Catchpole R, Hopkins J, Kunin WE, Latham J, Opdam P, Stoneman R, Stroud DA, Tratt R (2006) The ecological effectiveness of protected areas: The United Kingdom. Biol Cons 132: 76-87.
27. Getzner M, Jost S, Jungmeier M (2002) Naturschutz und Regionalwirtschaft: Regionalwirtschaftliche Auswirkungen von Natura 2000-Gebieten in Österreich. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main.
28. Getzner M, Brendehaug E, Vik Lang M, Lane B (2012) Governance and management strategies in national parks. Int J Sust Soc (forthcoming).
29. Gössling S (1999) Ecotourism: a means to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Ecol Econ 29: 303-320.
30. Grass D, Caulkins JP, Feichtinger G, Tragler G, Behrens DA (2008) Optimal control of nonlinear processes: with applications in drugs, corruption and terror. Springer, Berlin.
31. Grieser Johns B (1996) Responses of chimpanzees to habituation and tourism in the Kibale Forest, Uganda. Biol Conserv 78: 257-262.
32. Hanley N, Alvarez-Farizo B, Shaw WD (2002) Rationing an open-access resource: mountaineering in Scotland. Land Use Policy 19: 167-176.
33. Hafner F (1994) Das Steinhuhn in Kärnten. Ökologie, Verhalten und Lebensraum. Carinthia II special issue no. 52, Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein für Kärnten, Klagenfurt.
34. Hawkins DE, Lamoureux K (2001) Global growth and magnitude of ecotourism. In: Weaver DB (eds) The encyclopedia of ecotourism. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 63-72.
35. Higham JES (1998) Tourists and alabtrosses: the dynamics of tourism at the Northern Royal Alabtross Colony, Taiaroa Head, New Zealand. Tour Manage 19: 521-531.
36. Hockings M, Stolton S, Leverington F, Dudley N, Courrau J (2006) Evaluating effectiveness: a framework for assessing management effectiveness of protected areas. World commission on protected areas best practice protected area guidelines series No. 14, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
37. Hoekstra J, van den Bergh JCJM (2005) Harvesting and conservation in a predator-prey system. J Econ Dynam Control 29: 1097-1120.
38. Honey M (1999) Ecotourism and sustainable development: who owns paradise?. Island Press, Washington.
39. Horan DR, Bulte E (2004) Optimal and open access harvesting of multi-use species in a second-best world. Environ Resour Econ 28: 251-272.
40. Kohler Y, Heinrichs A K (2011) Catalogue of possible measures to improve ecological connectivity in the Alps. Report of AlpArc/ISCAR/CIPRA, Alpine Networks of Protected Areas, Chambéry.
41. Krüger O (2005) The role of ecotourism in conservation: panacea or Pandora's box. Biodivers Conserv 14: 579-600.
42. Lehar G, Hausberger K, Fuchs L (2004) Besucherzählung, Wertschöpfungs- und Motiverhebung im Nationalpark Hohe Tauern und im Naturpark Rieserferner-Ahrn. Studie i. A. des Nationalpark Hohe Tauern. Institut für Verkehr und Tourismus, Innsbruck.
43. Lockwood M, Worboys GL, Kothari A (eds) (2006) Managing protected areas. A global guide. Earthscan, London, Sterling.
44. Lott DF, McCoy M (1995) Asian rhinos Rhinoceros unicornis on the run? The impact of tourist visits on one population. Biol Cons 73: 23-26.
45. Michel P (1982) On the transversality condition in infinite horizon optimal control problems. Econometrica 50: 975-985.
46. Moore SA, Weiler B (2009) Tourism-protected area partnerships: stoking the fires of innovation. J Sustain Tour 17: 129-132.
47. Myers N (1972) National parks in savannah Africa. Science 178: 1255-1263.
48. Noy-Meir I (1975) Stability of grazing systems: an application of predator-prey graphs. J Ecol 63: 459-481.
49. Piga CAG (2003) Pigouvian taxtation in tourism. Environ Resour Econ 26: 343-359.
50. Pontryagin LS, Boltyanskii VG, Gamkrelidze RV, Mishchenko EF (1962) The mathematical theory of optimal processes. Wiley, New York.
51. Ricklefs RE, Miller GL (1999) Ecology, 4th edn. Wiley, New York.
52. Rondeau D (2001) Along the way back from the brink. J Environ Econ Manage 42: 156-182.
53. Rosenzweig A (1973) Exploitation in three trophic levels. Amer Nat 110: 431-447.
54. Schulz C-E, Skonhoft A (1996) Wildlife management, land-use and conflicts. Environ Devel Econ 1: 265-280.
55. Skonhoft A (1999) On the optimal exploitation of terrestrial animal species. Environ Resour Econ 77: 181-198.
56. Skonhoft (2007) Modelling the recolonisation of native species. In: Kontoleon A, Pascual U, Swanson T (eds) Biodiversity economics: principles, methods and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 557.
57. Skonhoft A, Solstad JT (1996) Wildlife management, illegal hunting and conflicts. A bioeconomic analysis. Environ Devel Econ 1: 165-181.
58. Skonhoft A, Solstad JT (1998) The political economy of wildlife exploitation. Land Econ 74: 16-31.
59. Spagnesi M (2011) Rock partridge fact sheet. World conservation union (IUCN) Italian committee. Available via: http://www. iucn. it/documenti/flora. fauna. italia/3-uccelli-2/files/Galliformes/coturnice/coturnice_gb. htm. Cited 20 May 2011.
60. Umweltkontrollbericht (2004) Seventh state of the environment report. Umweltbundesamt, Vienna.
61. Wilson C, Tisdell C (2001) Sea turtles as a non-consumptive tourism resource especially in Australia. Tour Manage 22: 279-288.