Does the CDM discourage emission reduction targets in advanced developing countries?

Climate Policy

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 198-218

  Castro, Paula ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

abatement costs; Clean Development Mechanism (CDM); climate change mitigation; Kyoto Protocol; low hanging fruit problem; marginal abatement cost curve

Indexed keywords

ABATEMENT COST; CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM; CLIMATE CHANGE; DEVELOPING WORLD; EMISSION CONTROL; KYOTO PROTOCOL;

ARGENTINA; MEXICO [NORTH AMERICA];

EID: 84860737836     PISSN: 14693062     EISSN: 17527457     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2011.592658     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. ADB. 1998a. Asian Least-cost Greenhouse Gas Abatement Strategy (ALGAS) Project: Republic of Korea, Manilla, Philippines: Asian Development Bank. [available at www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/ALGAS/kor/default.asp.adb.org/Documents/Reports/ALGAS/kor/default.asp]
2. ADB. 1998b. Asian Least-cost Greenhouse Gas Abatement Strategy (ALGAS) Project: Thailand, Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank. [available at www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/ALGAS/tha/default.asp]
3. Akita, J. 2003. "A simple model of CDM low-hanging fruit". In International Frameworks and Technological Strategies to Prevent Climate Change, Edited by: Sawa, T. 66-96. London, UK and Tokyo, Japan: Springer.
4. Bakker, S. J.A., Arvanitakis, A. G., Bole, T., van de Brugg, E., Doets, C. E.M. and Gilbert, A. 2007. Carbon Credit Supply Potential Beyond 2012-A Bottom-Up Assessment of Mitigation Options, the Netherlands: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands/PointCarbon/Ecofys. ECN-E-07-090
5. Bang, G., Heggelund, G. and Vevatne, J. 2005. Shifting Strategies in the Global Climate Negotiations, Lysaker, Norway: Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo and The Fridtjof Nansen Institute.
6. Barker, T., Bashmakov, I., Alharthi, A., Amann, M., Cifuentes, L., Drexhage, J., Duan, M., Edenhofer, O., Flannery, B., Grubb, M., Hoogwijk, M., Ibitoye, F. I., Jepma, C. J., Pizer, W. A. and Yamaji, K. 2007. "Mitigation from a cross-sectoral perspective". In Climate Change 2007: Mitigation, Edited by: Metz, B., Davidson, O. R., Bosch, P. R., Dave, R. and Meyer, L. A. 619-690. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
7. Baumert, K. A. and Kete, N. 2002. Will the Kyoto Protocol Drive Industry to Developing Countries? Earth Trends Featured Topic, Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. [available at http://earthtrends.wri.org/pdf_library/feature/cli_fea_carbon.pdf]
8. Bocanegra, J. Methane to Markets: PEMEX Methane Emissions Inventory and Marginal Abatement Cost Analysis. Presentation at the Methane to Markets Oil & Gas Systems Technology Transfer & Subcommittee Meeting. September162009, Lake Louise, Canada. [available at www.methanetomarkets.org/documents/events_oilgas_20090914_mexicopemex_6.pdf]
9. Brealey, R. A. and Myers, S. C. 2000. Principles of Corporate Finance, 6, Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
10. Bréchet, T., Germain, M. and van Steenberghe, V. 2004. The Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol and the 'Low-Hanging Fruits' Issue, Louvain: CORE, Université Catholique de Louvain. Discussion Paper 2004/81
11. 2 emission scenarios and mitigation opportunities in China's five sectors in 2020. Energy Policy, 36: 1181-1194.
12. Castro, P. and Michaelowa, A. 2008. Empirical Analysis of Performance of CDM Projects: Final Report, Cambridge, UK: Climate Strategies.
13. Castro, P. and Michaelowa, A. 2010. The impact of discounting emission credits on the competitiveness of different CDM host countries. Ecological Economics, 70: 34-42.
14. CDM Executive Board. 2009. Guidelines for Objective Demonstration and Assessment of Barriers (Version 01) EB50 Report, Annex 13, 16 October 2009
15. CDM Methodology Panel. 2008. Proposal for an Enhanced Barrier Test for Project Activities that have a Potentially High Profitability without CER Revenues 33rd Meeting Report, Annex 11, 23-27 June 2008
16. CDM Rulebook. 2010. What are Small-Scale Projects? [available at http://cdmrulebook.org/152]
17. Cosbey, A. 2005. "Climate change and competitiveness. A survey of the issues". Background paper for workshop on Climate Change, Trade and Competitiveness, Chatham House, London, UK, 30 March 2005, International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnipeg, Canada [available at www.iisd.org/pdf/2005/climate_change_comp.pdf]
18. 2 emission reductions, geographical flexibility and concrete ceilings: an assessment using the POLES model. Energy Policy, 27: 585-601.
19. 2 Emissions Trading Using Marginal Abatement Curves, Cambridge, MA: MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. Report No. 40
20. Enkvist, P.-A., Nauclér, T. and Rosander, J. 2007. A cost curve for greenhouse gas reduction. McKinsey Quarterly, 1: 34-45.
21. EC. 2009. Commission Staff Working Document Accompanying the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions-Towards A Comprehensive Climate Change Agreement in Copenhagen: Extensive Background Information and Analysis-Part 2, Brussels: European Commission. {COM(2009) 39 final} {SEC(2009) 102}
22. Germain, M., Magnus, A. and van Steenberghe, V. 2007. How to design and use the clean development mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol? A developing country perspective. Environmental and Resource Economics, 38: 13-30.
23. Gupta, S., Tirpak, D. A., Burger, N., Gupta, J., Höhne, N., Boncheva, A. I., Kanoan, G. M., Kolstad, C., Kruger, J. A., Michaelowa, A., Murase, S., Pershing, J., Saijo, T. and Sari, A. 2007. "Policies, Instruments and Co-operative Arrangements". In Climate Change 2007: Mitigation, Edited by: Metz, B., Davidson, O. R., Bosch, P. R., Dave, R. and Meyer, L. A. 745-807. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
24. Harnisch, J. and Hendricks, C. 2000. Economic Evaluation of Emission Reductions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 in Europe, Cologne, Germany: Ecofys.
25. HLG. 2007. Addressing Both International Action on Climate Change and Better Regulation Fifth Report of the High Level Group on Competitiveness, Energy and the Environment, European Commission, Brussels [available at: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable-business/policy-integration/high-level-group/reference-material/index_en.htm]
26. Höhne, N., Filho, G. M., Marcovitch, J., Yamin, F. and Moltmann, S. 2007. History and Status of the International Climate Negotiations on a Future Climate Agreement BASIC Paper 15, The Basic Project [available at www.basic-project.net/data/final/Paper15Background%20Paper%20History%20and%20Status%20Climate%20Negotia%85.pdf]
27. Hourcade, J. C., Shukla, P., Cifuentes, L., Davis, D., Emonds, J., Fisher, B., Fortin, E., Golub, A., Hohmeyer, O., Krupnick, A., Kverndokk, S., Loulou, R., Richerls, R., Segenovic, H. and Yamaji, K. 2001. "Global, regional, and national costs and ancillary benefits of mitigation". In Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Edited by: Metz, B., Davidson, O. R., Swart, R. and Pan, J. 499-559. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press. Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
28. IEA (International Energy Agency). 2007. Key World Energy Statistics, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/IEA.
29. 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Highlights, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development /IEA.
30. IGES. 2010. IGES CDM Project Database, Kanagawa, Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. [available at www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html]
31. IMF. 2008. World Economic Outlook Database 2008, Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund. [available at: www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/index.aspx]
32. Jimenez, G. Policy Alternatives for Abatement of HFC-23 Emissions in China. Presentation at Sino Italian Workshop on HFC 23 CDM Projects in China. January242005, Beijing, China.
33. Johnson, T. M., Alatorre, C., Romo, Z. and Liu, F. 2009. Low Carbon Development for Mexico, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
34. Kossoy, A. and Ambrosi, P. 2010. State and Trends of the Carbon Market 2010, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
35. Kuik, O., Brander, L. and Tol, R. S.J. 2009. Marginal abatement costs of greenhouse gas emissions: a meta-analysis. Energy Policy, 37(4): 1395-1403.
36. McKitrick, R. 1999. A derivation of the marginal abatement cost curve. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 37: 306-314.
37. 2 Emissions: Increase Continued in 2007, Hague, the Netherlands: Netherlands Environmental Agency. [available at www.mnp.nl/en/publications/2008/GlobalCO2emissionsthrough2007.html]
38. Narain, U. and van't Veld, K. 2008. The Clean Development Mechanism's low-hanging fruit problem: when might it arise, and how might it be solved?. Environmental and Resource Economics, 40(3): 445-465.
39. NSS Program. 1999. Study on Flexibility Mechanisms within the Context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, Washington, DC: The World Bank. [available at http://web.worldbank.org/servlets/ECR?contentMDK=20480374&sitePK=406964]
40. Olsen, K. R. and Painuly, J. P. 2002. The Clean Development Mechanism: a bane or a boon for developing countries?. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 2: 237-260.
41. Parry, M. L. and Canziani, O. F. 2007. "Technical Summary". In Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, Edited by: Parry, M. L., Canziani, O. F., Palutikof, J. P., van der Linden, P. J. and Hanson, C. E. 23-78. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
42. Rahman, S. M., Larson, D. and Dinar, A. The Cost Structure of Emissions Abatement Through the Clean Development Mechanism. Presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association's 2009 AAEA & ACCI Joint Annual Meeting. July26-282009, Milwaukee, WI.
43. Roh, D. W. 2006a. "Potential estimation for GHG emissions reduction and energy efficiency in manufacturing industry II (oil refining industry)-using bottom-up optimization model (MARKAL)". Uiwang, Korea: Korea Energy Economics Institute. [summary available at www.keei.re.kr/main.nsf/index_en.html]
44. Roh, D. W. 2006b. "Estimation of potential for emissions reductions and energy savings in manufacturing industry I (Cement industry)". Uiwang, Korea: Korea Energy Economics Institute. [summary available at www.keei.re.kr/main.nsf/index_en.html.]
45. Roh, D. W. and Kang, Y. Y. 2006. "Study of the effects of policies on greenhouse gas emission reduction on the productivity of the manufacturing industry". Uiwang, Korea: Korea Energy Economics Institute. [summary available at www.keei.re.kr/main.nsf/index_en.html]
46. Rose, A., Bulte, E. and Folmer, H. 1999. Long-run implications for developing countries of joint implementation of greenhouse gas mitigation. Environmental and Resource Economics, 14: 19-31.
47. Sheinbaum, C. and Masera, O. 2000. Mitigating carbon emissions while advancing national development priorities: the case of Mexico. Climatic Change, 47(3): 259-282.
48. Shrestha, R. M. and Bhattacharya, S. C. Mitigating Environmental Emissions from the Power Sector: Analysis of Technical and Policy Options in Selected Asian Countries, Presentation at COP 8. November12002, New Delhi, India. [available at http://unfccc.int/cop8/se/se_pres/aitc_se_cop8.pps]
49. Tangen, K. and Heggelund, G. 2003. Will the Clean Development Mechanism be effectively implemented in China? Report 8/2003, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Lysaker, Norway
50. UNEP. 2010. CDM/JI Pipeline Analysis and Database UNEP Risoe Centre on Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development, Roskilde, Denmark, 1 January 2010 [available at http://cdmpipeline.org/]
51. UNEP/GEF. 1999. "Economics of greenhouse gas limitations. Country study series: Argentina". Roskilde, Denmark: UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy and Environment, Risoe National Laboratory.
52. UNEP TEAP. 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. Report of the Task Force on Destruction Technologies
53. UNFCCC. 2008. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its Thirteenth Session, held in Bali from 3 to 15 December 2007-Addendum. Part Two: Action taken by the Conference of the Parties at its Thirteenth Session FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1, Bonn, Germany
54. 2 Greenhouse Gases-Technical Annex Report 430-R-06-005, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC [available at www.epa.gov/methane/excel/techtbls.xls]
55. US GAO. 2008. International Climate Change Programs-Lessons Learned from the European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme and the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism, Washington, DC: US Government Accountability Office. Report GAO-09-151
56. Vattenfall. 2007. Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities, Powerpoint presentation [available at www.vattenfall.com/www/ccc/ccc/569512nextx/index.jsp]
57. Wara, M. 2006. "Measuring the Clean Development Mechanism's Performance and Potential". Stanford, CA: University of Stanford. Working Paper No. 56, Program on Energy and Sustainable Development
58. Wetzelaer, B. J.H.W., van der Linden, N. H., Groenenberg, H. and de Coninck, H. C. 2007. GHG Marginal Abatement Cost curves for the Non-Annex I region, The Netherlands: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Petten.
59. Winkler, H., Marquard, A., Manley, J., Davis, S., Trikam, A., Den Elzen, M., Höhne, N. and Witi, J. 2008. "Quantifying SD-PAMs: National energy models and international allocation models for climate change mitigation. South African case study". Cape Town, South Africa: Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town.
60. World Bank. 2002. South African National Strategy Study on the Clean Development Mechanism, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
61. WRI. 2008. CAIT: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool, Version 5.0, Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. [available at http://cait.wri.org/]
62. WRI. 2009. "Summary of UNFCCC Submissions. August 2008-October 2009". Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Working Paper
63. Yamaguchi, M. CDM Potential of Electric Power Sector and Energy-intensive Industries in China. Outcome of 5-year Joint Study of Keio University/Tsinghua University. Presentation at COP 9. December82003, Milan, Italy. [available at http://m-yamaguchi.jp/english_page/CDM2004.pdf]
64. Yamaguchi, M. 2005. CDM potential in the power-generation and energy-intensive industries of China. Climate Policy, 5: 167-184.