Toumeyella parvicornis (Hemiptera: Coccidae), causing severe decline of Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis in the Turks and Caicos Islands

Florida Entomologist

Volumn 95, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 113-119

  Malumphy, Chris ^a   Hamilton, Martin A ^b   Manco, Bryan N ^c   Green, Paul W C ^b   Sanchez, Michele D ^b,d   Corcoran, Marcella ^b   Salamanca, Eric ^c  

^a FOOD AND ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH AGENCY   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS   (United Kingdom)

^c Department of Environment and Coastal Resources ^*  (Turks and Caicos Islands)

^d UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Caribbean pine; invasive species; Pine tortoise scale

Indexed keywords

CONIFEROUS TREE; DIEBACK; HONEYDEW; INHIBITION; INSECT; INVASIVE SPECIES; MORTALITY; PARASITE INFESTATION; PEST DAMAGE; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS;

TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS;

COCCIDAE; CUCUMIS MELO VAR. INODORUS; HEMIPTERA; HEXAPODA; PINUS CARIBAEA; PINUS CARIBAEA VAR. BAHAMENSIS; TOUMEYELLA PARVICORNIS;

EID: 84860641770     PISSN: 00154040     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1653/024.095.0118     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. ARAUJO-SIQUEIRA, M., AND ALMEIDA, L. M. 2006. Estudo das esṕcies brasileiras de Cycloneda Crotch (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Rev. Brasileira Zool. 23: 550-568.
2. BEN-DOV, Y. 2011. ScaleNet, Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell). http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov/catalogs/ coccidae/Toumeyellaparvicornis.htm. Accessed 9 October 2011.
3. BRADLEY, G. A. 1973. Effect of Formica obscuripes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on the predator-prey relationship between Hyperaspis congressis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Toumeyella numismaticum (Homoptera: Coccidae). (In English; summary in French). Can. Entomol. 105: 1113-1118.
4. CHONG, J.-H. 2009. First Report of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), in South Carolina. J. Agric. Urban Entomol. 26 (2): 87-94.
5. CLARKE, S. R., NEGRON, J. F., AND DEBARR, G. L. 1992. Effects of four pyrethroids on scale insect (Homoptera) populations and their natural enemies in loblolly and shortleaf pine seed orchards. J. Econ. Entomol. 85 (4): 1246-1252.
6. COCKERELL, T. D. A. 1897. New and little-known Coccidae from Florida. I. Determinations and descriptions, including a new genus. Psyche 8: 89-90.
7. COOPER, D. D., AND CRANSHAW, W. 2004. Seasonal biology and associated natural enemies of two Toumeyella spp. in Colorado. Southwestern Entomol. 29 (1): 39-45.
8. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND COASTAL RESOURCES. (2010). Caicos Pine Recovery Project Action Plan. [Online] URL: http://www.ukotcf.org/OTEPprojReps/ CaicosPineRecoveryProjectActionPlan.pdf Accessed 05 Oct 2011.
9. EARLE-MUNDIL, H. 2010. Permanent monitoring plots for the national tree Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis and assessment of the distribution and conservation status of an associated endemic species Stenandrium carolinae in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Imperial College London. M.Sc. Thesis. [Online] URL: http://www.iccs. org.uk/MSc-thesis.htm Accessed 12 Feb 2011.
10. FARJON, A., AND STYLES, B. T. 1997. Pinus (Pinaceae), p. 89 In Flora Neotropica Monograph 75. The New York Botanical Garden, New York.
11. FERA-THE FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AGENCY (2011). Turks and Caicos Islands samples, final report, FERA ref: 21110745. Unpublished.
12. GREAVES, A. 1978. Description of seed sources and collections for provenances of Pinus caribaea. Tropical Forest Papers N. 12. Oxford, Department of Forestry, Commonwealth Forestry Institute, Univ. Oxford, 98 pp.
13. GREEN, S. J. C. E. 2011. The Caribbean Pine (Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis): monitoring and ecology, in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Imperial College London. M.Sc. Thesis. [Online] URL: http://www. iccs.org.uk/wp-content/ thesis/consci/2011/Green.pdf Accessed 12 Feb 2011.
14. HAMILTON, M. A. (2007). Turks and Caicos Islands invasive pine scale In M. Pienkowski [ed.], Biodiversity that matters: a conference on conservation in UK Overseas Territories and other small island communities; 6-12 Oct 2006; Jersey, UK. Peterborough, UK: UK Overseas Territories Conservation Forum. Available at: http://www.ukotcf.org/pdf/JerseyConf/ topic6e.pdf
15. HAMON, A. B., AND WILLIAMS, M. L. 1984. The soft scale insects of Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas. Florida Dept. of Agric. & Consumer Serv. Div. Plant Ind., Gainesville, Florida. 194 pp.
16. IVERSON, J .B. 1978. The impact of feral cats and dogs on populations of the West Indian Rock Iguana, Cyclura carinata. Biol. Conservation. 14 (1): 63-73.
17. KAIRO, M. T. K., POLLARD, G. V. PETERKIN, D. D., AND LOPEZ, V. F. 2000. Biological control of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Caribbean. IPM Rev. 5: 241-254.
18. KONDO, T., AND PELLIZZARI, G. 2011. Description of a new species of Toumeyella Cockerell (Hemiptera, Coccidae) from Mexico, with a taxonomic key to Mexican species. Rev. Brasileira Entomol. 55 (2): 229-233.
19. MAC ALONEY, H. J. 1961. Pine Tortoise Scale. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Pest Leaflet. 57: 1-7.
20. MICHAUD, J. P. 2001. Responses of two ladybeetles to eight fungicides used in Florida citrus: Implications for biological control. J. Insect Sci 1 (6): 1-6.
21. MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT. 2003. Ecosystems and human well-being: a framework for assessment. Island Press, Washington, DC.
22. MILLER, G. L., AND MILLER, D. R. 2003. Invasive soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and their threat to US Agriculture. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 105 (4): 832-846.
23. MILLER, D. R., WILLIAMS, D. J., AND HAMON, A. B. 1999. Notes on a new mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) pest in Florida and the Caribbean: the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink. Insecta Mundi 13 (3- 4): 178-181.
24. MILLER, G. L., AND WILLIAMS, M. L. 1995. Systematic analysis of the adult males of Toumeyella group, including Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum, Neolecanium cornuparvum. Pseudophilippia quaintancii and Toumeyella spp. (Homoptera: Coccidae) from America north of Mexico. Contrib. Am. Entomol. Inst. 28 (4): 1-68.
25. MYARTSEVA, S. N., AND RUÍZ-CANCINO, E. 2000. Annotated checklist of the Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Ḿxico. (In English; summary in Spanish). Folia Entomol. Mexicana. 109: 7-33.
26. PELLIZZARI, G., AND DALLA MONTÁ, L. 1997. 1945-1995: Fifty years of incidental insect pest introductions to Italy. Acta Phytopathol. Entomol. Hungarica 32: 171-183.
27. RABKIN F. B., AND LE JEUNE, R. R. 1954. Some aspects of the biology and dispersal of the pine tortoise scale (Toumeyella numismaticum Pettit & McDaniel) (Homoptera: Coccidae). Can. Entomol. 86: 570-575.
28. SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY. 2000. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity: text and annexes. Montreal: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
29. SEGARRA-CARMONA, A. E., AND CABRERA-ASENCIO, I. 2010. Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae): a new invasive pest of pine trees in Puerto Rico. J. Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico 94 (1-2): 175-177.
30. SMITH, R. M., BAKER, R. H. A., MALUMPHY, C. P., HOCKLAND, S., HAMMON, R. P., OSTOJÁ-STARZEWSKI, J. C., AND COLLINS, D. W. 2007. Recent non-native invertebrate plant pest establishments in Great Britain: origins, pathways, and trends. Agric. Forest Entomol. 9: 307-326.
31. STIMMEL, J. F. 1984. Pine tortoise scale, Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell) (Homoptera: Coccidae). Regulatory Horticulture (Pennsylvania Dept. Agric.) 10 (1): 23-24 (Entomol. Circ. No. 87).
32. STUART, R. J., MICHAUD, J. P., OLSEN, L., AND MCCOY, C. W. 2002. Lady beetles as potential predators of the root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Florida Citrus. Florida Entomol. 85 (3): 409-416.
33. THOMAS, M. C. 2004. The exotic invasion of Florida. A report on arthropod immigration into the sunshine state. http://www.doacs.state.fl.us/pi/enpp/ento/ exoticsinflorida. html (May 2004). Accessed 20 October 2011.
34. WILLIAMS, D. J. 1996. A brief account of the hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), a pest of agriculture and horticulture, with descriptions of two related species from southern Asia. Bull. Entomol. Res. 86 (05): 617-628.
35. WILLIAMS, M. L., AND KOSZTARAB, M. 1972. Morphology and systematics of the Coccidae of Virginia with notes on their biology (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Research Div. Bull., Virginia Polytechnic Inst. State Univ. 74: 1-215.
36. WILLIAMS, M. L., AND KONDO, T. 2008. Status and current composition of the soft scale insect genus Toumeyella (Hemiptera: Coccidae), pp. 29-32 In M. Branco, J. C. Frango and C. J. Hodgson [eds.], Proc. XI Int. Symp. Scale Insect Studies, Oeiras, Portugal, 24-27 Sep 2007. ISA Press, Lisbon, Portugal. 322 pp.
37. WILSON, L. F. 1971. Pine Tortoise Scale. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Forest Pest Leaflet 57, 5 pp.