Physical properties of simul (red-silk cotton) wood (Bombax ceiba L.) chemically modified with styrene acrylonitrile co-polymer and nanoclay

Holzforschung

Volumn 66, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 365-371

  Devi, Rashmi Rekha ^a   Mandal, Manabendra ^a   Maji, Tarun Kumar ^a  

^a TEZPUR UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

biodegradation; combustion; limiting oxygen index (LOI); mechanical properties; scanning electron microscopy (SEM); simul wood; wood polymer nano xadcomposite (WPC); WPC in presence of nanoclay

Indexed keywords

BOMBAX CEIBA; CHEMICALLY MODIFIED; CROSS LINKING AGENTS; DYNAMIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR; FLEXURAL MODULUS; GLYCIDYL METHACRYLATE; LIMITING OXYGEN INDEX; NANO CLAYS; SELF-EXTINGUISHING; SIMUL WOOD; STYRENE ACRYLONITRILES; WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE; WOOD POLYMERS;

ACRYLIC MONOMERS; BIODEGRADATION; COMBUSTION; CROSSLINKING; ELASTIC MODULI; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; NANOCOMPOSITES; OXYGEN; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; STYRENE; WOOD;

BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS;

ACRYLIC COMPOUNDS; BIODEGRADATION; COMBUSTION; COPOLYMERS; CROSS LINKING; ELASTIC STRENGTH; MONOMERS; POLYMERS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; STYRENE; WOOD;

BOMBAX; BOMBAX CEIBA; CEIBA; GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM;

EID: 84860606433     PISSN: 00183830     EISSN: 1437434X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/hf.2011.164     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Bordes, P., Pollet, E., Averous, L. (2009) Nano-biocomposites: biodegradable polyester/nanoclay systems. Prog. Polym. Sci. 34:125-155.
2. Bourbigot, S., Vanderhart, D.L., Gilman, J.W., Bellayer, S., Stretz, H., Paul, D.R. (2004) Solid state NMR characterization and fl ammability of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer montmorillonite nanocomposite. Polymer 45:7627-7638.
3. Bryne, L.E., W å linder, M.E.P. (2010) Ageing of modifi ed wood. Part 1: wetting properties of acetylated, furfurylated, and thermally modifi ed wood. Holzforschung 64:295-304.
4. Cai, X., Riedl, B., Ait-Kadi, A. (2003) Cellulose fi ber/poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) composites with ionic interphase. Composites A 34:1075-1084.
5. Cai, X., Riedl, B., Zhang, S.Y., Wan, H. (2007a) Effects of nanofi llers on water resistance and dimensional stability of solid wood modifi ed by melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin. Wood Fiber Sci. 39:307-318.
6. Cai, X., Riedl, B., Zhang, S.Y., Wan, H. (2007b) Formation and properties of nanocomposites made up form solid aspen wood, melamine-ureaformaldehyde, and clay. Holzforschung 61:148-154.
7. Cai, X., Riedl, B., Zhang, S.Y., Wan, H. (2008) The impact of nature of nanofi llers on the performance of wood polymer nanocomposites. Composites A 39:727-737.
8. Chan, K.Y., Yap, M.G.S., Chia, L.H.L., Teoh, S.H. (1989) Viscoelastic behaviour of rubberwood-polymer composites. Int. J. Radiat. Appl. Instrum. C. 33:205-210.
9. Devi, R.R., Maji, T.K. (2007) Effect of glycidyl methacrylate on the physical properties of wood - polymer composites. Polym. Compos. 28:1-5.
10. Devi, R.R., Maji, T.K. (2008) Chemical modifi cation of rubberwood with styrene and glycidyl methacrylate. Polym. Compos. 29:1258-1261.
11. Devi, R.R., Maji, T.K. (2011a) Chemical modifi cation of simul wood with styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer and organically modifi ed nanoclay. Wood Sci. Technol. DOI: 10.1007/s00226-011- 0406-2.
12. Devi, R.R., Maji, T.K. (2011b) Preparation and characterization of wood/styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer/MMT nanocomposite. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 122:2099-2109.
13. Gao, Z., Li, D. (2007) Chemical modifi cation of poplar wood with foaming polyurethane resins. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 104:2980-2985.
14. Gilman, J.W., Jackson, C.L., Morgan, A.B., Harris, R.H., Manias, E., Giannelis, E.P., Wuthenow, M., Hilton, D., Phillips, S. (2000) Flammability properties of polymer-layered-silicate nanocomposites. Polypropylene and polystyrene nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 12:1866-1873.
15. Gu, J.D., Ford, T.E., Berke, N.S., Mitchell, R. (1998) Biodeterioration of concrete by the fungus Fusarium . Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 41:101-109.
16. Hristov, V., Vasileva, S. (2003) Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of modifi ed poly (propylene) wood fi ber composites. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 288:798-806.
17. Ibach, R., Ellis, W. (2005) Lumen modifi cations. In: Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. Ed. Rowell, R.M. CRC Press, Washington, DC. pp. 421 - 446.
18. Jang, B.N., Wilkie, C.A. (2005) The effects of clay on the thermal degradation behavior of poly (styrene-co-acrylonitirile). Polymer 46:9702-9713.
19. Jonathan, S.G., Fasidi, I.O., Ajayi, A.O., Adegeye, A. (2008) Biodegradation of Nigerian wood wastes by Pleurotus tuberregium (Fries) Singer. Bioresour. Technol. 99:807-811.
20. Karak, N. (2006) Polymer (epoxy) clay nanocomposites. J. Polym. Mater. 23:1-20.
21. Kersten, P., Cullen, D. (2007) Extracellular oxidative systems of the lignin-degrading Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium , fungal Genet. Biol. 44:77-87.
22. Kumar, S. (1994) Chemical modifi cation of wood. Wood Fiber Sci. 26:270-280.
23. Lee, C.-H., Wu, T.-L., Chen, Y.-L., Wu, J.-H. (2010) Characteristics and discrimination of fi ve types of wood-plastic composites by FTIR spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis. Holzforschung 64:699-704.
24. Li, Y. (2011) Wood-polymer composites. In: Advances in Composite Materials - Analysis of Natural and Man-Made Materials. Ed. Tesinova, P. Intech, Rijeka, Croatia. pp. 229-284.
25. Li, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Wu, Q., Yu, H., Li, J. (2011a) Wood-polymer composites prepared by the in situ polymerization of monomers within wood. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 119:3207-3216.
26. Li, Y., Wu, Q., Li, J., Liu, Y., Wang, X.-M., Liu, Z. (2011b) Improvement of dimensional stability of wood via combination treatment: swelling with maleic anhydride and grafting with glycidyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate. Holzforschung DOI: 10.1515/HF.2011.123.
27. Lomeli-Ramirez, M.G., Ochoa-Ruiz, H.G., Fuentes-Talavera, F.J., Garcia-Enriquez, S., Cerpa-Gallegos, M.A., Silva-Guzman, J.A. (2009) Evaluation of accelerated decay of wood plastic composites by Xylophagus fungi. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 63:1030-1035.
28. Machek, L., Millitz, H., Sierra-Alveraz, R. (2001) The use of an acoustic technique to access wood decay in laboratory soil-bed test. Wood Sci.Technol. 34:467-472.
29. Messersmith, P.B., Giannelis, E.P. (1994) Synthesis and characterization of layered silicate-epoxy nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 6:1719-1725.
30. Moore, G.R. (1983) Dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy-poplar composite materials. Wood Fibre Sci. 15:358-375.
31. Oksman, K., Lindberg, H. (1998) Infl uence of thermoplastic elastomers on adhesion in polyethylene-wood fl our composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 68:1845-1855.
32. Powell, C.E., Beall Gary, W. (2007) Physical properties of polymer/ clay nanocomposites. In: Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook. Part VI. Ed. Mark, J.E. Springer Verlag Gmbh, Heidelberger, Germany. pp. 561-575.
33. Raberg, U., Hafren, J. (2008) Biodegradation and appearance of plastic treated solid wood. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 62: 210-213.
34. Ray, S.S., Okamoto, M. (2003) Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Prog. Polym. Sci. 28:1539-1641.
35. Rowell, R.M. (2005) Handbook of Wood Chemistry & Wood Composites. CRC Press, Washington, DC.
36. Rozman, H.D., Kumar, R.N., Abdul Khalil, P.S., Abusamah, A., Abu, R. (1997) Fibre activation with glycidyl methacrylate and subsequent co-polymerization with diallyl phthalate. Eur. Polym. J. 33:1213-1218.
37. Sahoo, P.K., Samal, R. (2007) Fire retardancy and biodegradability of poly (methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92:1700-1707.
38. Salehi-Mobarakeh, H., Brisson, J., Ait-Kadi, A. (1998) Ionic interphase of glass fi ber/polyamide 6, 6 composites. Polym. Compos. 19:264-274.
39. Salmé n, L., Burgert, I. (2009) Cell wall features with regard to mechanical performance. A review. COST Action E35 2004 - 2008: wood machining - micromechanics and fracture. Holzforschung 63:121-129.
40. Sinha, R.S., Yamada, K., Okamoto, M., Ueda, K. (2002) New polylactide/ layered silicate nanocomposite: a novel biodegradable material. Nano Lett. 2:1093-1096.
41. Sinha, R.S., Yamada, K., Okamoto, M., Ueda, K. (2003) New polylactide/ layered silicate nanocomposites. 2. Concurrent improvements of material properties, biodegradability and melt rheology. Polymer 44:857-866.
42. Solpan, D., Guven, O. (1998) Comparison of the dimensional stabilities of oak and cedar wood preserved by in situ co-polymerization of allyl glycidyl ether with acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate. Angew. Makromol. Chem. 259:33-37.
43. Stevanic, J.S., Salmé n, L. (2009) Orientation of the wood polymers in the cell wall of spruce wood fi bres. Holzforschung 63:497-503.
44. Stromberg, E., Karrlsson, S. (2009) The effect of biodegradation on surface and bulk property changes of polypropylene, recycled polypropylene and polylactide biocomposites. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 63:1045-1053.
45. Thygesen, L.G., Engelund, E.T., Hoffmeyer, P. (2010) Water sorption in wood and modifi ed wood at high values of relative humidity. Part I: results for untreated, acetylated, and furfurylated Norway spruce. Holzforschung 64:315-323.
46. Wang, Y., Muszynski, L., Simonsen, J. (2007) Gold as an X-ray CT scanning contrast agent: effect on the mechanical properties of wood plastic composites. Holzforschung 61:723-730.
47. Wang, Z., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1998) Hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites: exfoliation of Magadiite nanolayers in an elastomeric epoxy polymer. Chem. Mater. 10:1820-1826.
48. Windt, M., Meier, D., Lehnen, R. (2011) Quantifi cation of polypropylene (PP) in wood plastic composites (WPCs) by analytical pyrolysis (Py) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Holzforschung 65:199-207.
49. Xiao, Y., Xie, Z., Mai, C. (2011) The fungal resistance of wood modifi ed with glutaraldehyde. Holzforschung DOI: 10.1515/HF.2011.13.
50. Yap, M.G.S., Que, Y.T., Shia, L.H.L., Chan, H.S.O. (1991) Thermal properties of tropical wood-polymer composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 43:2057-2065.
51. Zhao, G., Lu, W.H. (2008) Structure and characterization of Chinese fi r ( Cunninghamia lanceolata ) wood/MMT intercalation nanocomposite (WMNC). Front. For. China 3:121-126.