Long-term restoration strategies and techniques

Fire Effects on Soils and Restoration Strategies

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 373-398

  Vallejo, V R ^a   Serrasolses, I ^b   Alloza, J A ^a   Baeza, M J ^a   Blade C ^a   Chirino, E ^a   Duguy, B ^a   Fuentes, D ^a   Pausas, J G ^a   Valdecantos, A ^a   Vilagrosa, A ^a  

^a FUNDACIÓN CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES DEL MEDITERRÁNEO CEAM   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84860493202     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (116)

1. Abad, N., R.N. Caturla, J. Baeza, C. Bladé, F. Vieira, E. Carbó, A. Valdecantos, A. Bonet, I. Serrasolsas, R. Guardia, J. Raventós, J.A. Alloza, A. Escarré, J. Bellot, and V.R. Vallejo. 1996. Regeneración de los montes quemados. pp. 51-148. In V. R. Vallejo [ed.]. La restauración de la cubierta vegetal en la Comunidad Valenciana. CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
2. Agee, J.K., B. Bahro, M.A. Finney, P.N. Omi, D.B. Sapsis, C.N. Skinner, J.W. van Wagtendonk, and C.P. Weatherspoon. 2000. The use of shaded fuelbreaks in landscape fire management. Forest Ecology & Management, 127: 55-66.
3. Alcantara, J.M., P.J. Rey, F. Valera, A.M. Sánchez-lafuente, and J.E. Gutierrez. 1997. Habitat alteration and plant intra-specific competition for seed dispersers. An example with Olea europaea var. sylvestris. Oikos, 79: 291-300.
4. Alloza, J.A. 2003. Análisis de repoblaciones forestales en la Comunidad Valenciana. Desarrollo de criterios y procedimientos de evaluación. Ph.D. thesis, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Departamento de Producción Vegetal. Valencia, Spain.
5. Alloza, J.A. and V.R. Vallejo. 2006. Restoration of burned areas in forest management plans. pp. 475–488. In W.G. Kepner, J.L. Rubio, D.A. Mouat, and F. Pedrazzini [eds.]. Desertification in the Mediterranean Region: a Security Issue, NATO Security through Science Series, Number 3 Springer-Verlang, New York, New York, USA.
6. Ashby, W.C. 1987. Forests. pp. 89–108. In W.R. Jordan III, M.E. Gilpin, and J.D. Aber [eds.]. Restoration Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
7. Baeza, M.J. 2004. El manejo del matorral en la prevención de incendios forestales. pp. 65-92. In V.R. Vallejo and J.A. Alloza [eds.]. Avances en el estudio de la gestión del monte mediterráneo. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
8. Baeza, M.J. and V.R. Vallejo. 2006. Ecological mechanisms involved in dormancy breakage in Ulex parviflorus seeds. Plant Ecology, 183: 191-205.
9. Baeza, M.J., A. Valdecantos, and V.R. Vallejo. 2005. Management of Mediterranean shrubands for forest fire prevention. pp. 37–60. In A.R. Burk [ed.]. New Research on Forest Ecosystems. Nova Science Publisher, New York, New York, USA.
10. Baeza, M.J., J. Raventós, A. Escarré, and V.R. Vallejo. 2006. Fire risk and vegetation structural dynamics in Mediterranean shrubland. Plant Ecology, 187: 189-201.
11. Barea, J.M. and M. Honrubia. 2004. La micorrización dirigida de la planta forestal. pp. 215-260. In V.R. Vallejo and J.A. Alloza [eds.]. Avances en el estudio de la gestión del monte mediterráneo. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
12. Barnett, J.P. and J.B. Baker. 1991. Regeneration methods. pp. 35–50. In M.L. Duryea and P.M. Dougherty [eds.]. Forest Regeneration Manual. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
13. Bergez, J.E. and C. Dupraz. 1997. Transpiration rate of Prunus avium L. Seedlings inside an unventilated treeshelter. Forest Ecology and Management, 97: 255-264.
14. Bergstern, U. 1988. Pyramidal indentations as a microsite preparation for direct seeding of Pinus sylvestris. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 3: 493-503.
15. Binkley, D. and C. Giardina. 1998. Why tree species affect soil? The warp and woof of tree-soil interaction. Biogeochemistry, 42: 89-106.
16. Bocio, I., F.B. Navarro, M.A. Ripoll, M.N. Jiménez, and E. De Simón. 2004. Holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia Lam.) and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) response to different soil preparation techniques applied to forestation in abandoned farmland. Annals of Forest Science, 61: 171-178.
17. Burger, D.W., P. Svhra, and H. Harris. 1992. Treeshelters use in producing container-grown trees. HortScience, 27: 30-32.
18. Byram, G.M. 1959. Combustion of forest fuels. pp. 113-126. In K.P. Davis [ed.]. Forest Fire: Control and Use. McGraw-Hill, New York, New York, USA.
19. Castell, C. and J.I. Castelló. 1996. Metodología y resultados de la siembra aérea efectuada en el parque natural del Garraf. Montes, 46: 51-57.
20. Chirino, E., A. Vilagrosa, and E. Rubio. 2003. Efectos de la reducción del riego y la fertilización en las características morfométricas de Quercus suber. Cuadernos de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales, 17: 51-56.
21. Cortina, J., J. Bellot, A. Vilagrosa, R.N. Caturla, F. Maestre, E. Rubio, J.M. Ortíz De Urbina, and A. Bonet. 2004. Restauración en semiárido. pp. 345–406. In V.R. Vallejo and J.A. Alloza [eds.]. Avances en el Estudio de la Gestión del Monte Mediterráneo. CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
22. Costello, L.R., A. Peters, and G.A. Giusti. 1996. An evaluation of treeshelters effects on plant survival and growth in a Mediterranean climate. Journal of Arboriculture, 22: 1-9.
23. De Simón, E. 1990. Restauración de la vegetación de las cuencas mediterráneas. Repoblaciones en zonas áridas. Ecología. Fuera de serie n1, 401-427.
24. Debussche, M., S. Rambal, and J. Lepart. 1987. Les changements de l’occupation des terres en région méditerranéenne humide: évaluation des conséquences hydrologiques. Acta Oecologica Oecologia Appliata, 8: 317-332.
25. Debussche, M., J. Escarre, J. Lepart, C. Houssard, and S. Lavorel. 1996. Changes in Mediterranean plant succession: Old-fields revisited. Journal of Vegetation Science, 7: 519-526.
26. Domínguez, S., P. Villar, J.L. Peñuelas, N. Herrero, and J.L. Nicolás. 1999. Técnicas para cultivar encinas en suelos agrícolas. Quercus, 166: 22-25.
27. Duguy, B. 2003. Interacción de la historia de usos del suelo y el fuego en condiciones Mediterráneas. Respuesta de los ecosistemas y estructura del paisaje. PhD Thesis. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
28. Duguy, B., J.A. Alloza, V.R. Vallejo, A. Röder, and J. Hill. 2005. Use of the FARSITE fire growth model to design strategies for fire prevention and promotion of landscape diversity and resilience in a fire-prone area (Ayora, eastern Spain). pp. 91-95. In J. de la Riva, F. Pérez-Cabello, and E. Chuvieco [eds.]. Proceedings of the 5th EARSeL International Workshop on Remote Sensing and GIS. Applications to Forest Fire Management: Fire Effects Assessment, ISBN: 84-96214-52-4, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
29. Elvira, L.M. and C. Hernando. 1989. Inflamabilidad y energía de las especies de sotobosque. Instituto Nacional de Investìgación y Tecnología Agreria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain.
30. Espelta, J.M. 1996. La regeneració de boscos d’alzina (Quercus ilex L.) i pi blanc (Pinus halepensis Mill.): Estudi experimental de la resposta de les plàntules a la intensitat de llum i a la disponibilitat d’aigua. PhD thesis. Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
31. Espelta, J.M., J. Retana, and A. Habrouk. 2003. An economic and ecological multi-criteria evaluation of reforestation methods to recover burned Pinus nigra forests in NE Spain. Forest Ecology and Management, 180: 185-198.
32. FAO. 1989. Arid Zone Forestry. A guide for field technicians. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
33. Faraco, A. 1998. Gravedad del fuego y patrones espaciales y temporales post-incendio de las plantas de un escobonal de la Sierra de Gredos. Ph.D. thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
34. Ferran, A., I. Serrasolsas, and V.R. Vallejo. 1992. Soil evolution after fire in Quercus ilex and Pinus halepensis forests. pp. 397-405. In A. Teller, P. Mathy and J.N.R. Jeffers [eds.]. Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes. Elsevier, London, UK.
35. Finney, M.A. 1998. FARSITE: Fire area simulator-model development and evaluation. Research Paper RMRS-RP-4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah, USA.
36. Fonseca, D. 1999. Manipulacion de las características morfo-estructurales de plantones de especies forestales mediterráneas producidas en vivero. Master-thesis. CIHEAM-IAMZ, Zaragoza, Spain.
37. Forman, R.T.T. 1995. Some general principles of landscape and regional ecology. Landscape Ecology, 10: 133-142.
38. Forman, R.T.T. and S.K. Collinge. 1996. The “spatial solution” to conserving biodiversity in landscapes and regions. pp. 537–568. In R.M. DeGraaf and R.I. Miller [eds.]. Conservation of Faunal Diversity in Forested Landscapes. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
39. Fuentes, D., A. Valdecantos, and V.R. Vallejo. 2004. Plantación de Pinus halepensis Mill. y Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf) Samp. en condiciones mediterráneas secas utilizando microcuencas. Cuadernos de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales, 17: 157-161.
40. Gallego Fernández, J.B., M.R. García Mora, and F. García Novo. 2004. Vegetation dynamics of mediterranean shrubland in former cultural landscape at Grazalema mountains in South Spain. Plant Ecology, 172: 83-94.
41. Hargrove, W.W., R.H. Gardner, M.G. Turner, W.H. Romme, and D.G. Despain. 2000. Simulating patterns in heterogeneous landscapes. Ecological Modelling, 135: 243-263.
42. Hobbs, R.J. and D.A. Norton. 1996. Towards a conceptual framework for restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology, 4: 93-110.
43. Hughes, C.E. and B.T. Styles. 1987. The benefits and potential risks of woody legume introductions. The International Tree Crops Journal, 4: 209-248.
44. Hüttermann A., M. Zommorodi, and K. Reise. 1999. Addition of hydrogels to soil for prolonging the survival of Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to drought. Soil & Tillage Research, 50: 295-304.
45. Jones C.G., J.H. Lawton, and M. Shachak. 1994. Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Oikos, 69: 373-386.
46. Keeley, J.E., C.J. Fotheringham, and M. Morais. 1999. Reexamining fire suppression impacts on brushland fire regimes. Science, 284: 1829-1832.
47. Kjelgren, R. and L.A. Rupp. 1997. Establishment in treeshelters I: Shelters reduce growth, water use, and hardiness, but not drought avoidance. HortScience, 32: 1281-1283.
48. Kjelgren, R., D.T. Montague, and L.A. Rupp. 1997. Establishment in treeshelters II: Effect of shelter color on gas exchange and hardiness. HortScience, 32: 1284-1287.
49. Knight, D.H. 1987. Parasites, lightning and the vegetation mosaic in wilderness landscapes. pp. 59-84. In M.G. Turner [ed.]. Landscape Heterogeneity and Disturbance. Ecological Studies, 64. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
50. Kozlowski T.T., P.J. Kramer, and S.G. Pallardy. 1991. The Physiological Ecology of Woody Plants. Academic Press, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
51. Laguna, E. and S. Reyna. 1990. Diferencias entre los óptimos natural y forestal de las vegetaciones valencianas y alternativas futuras de gestión, Ecología, Fuera de Serie, 1: 321-330.
52. Lal, R. 1999. Soil management and restoration for C sequestration to mitigate the accelerated greenhouse effect. Progress in Environmental Science, 1: 307-326.
53. Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, S.E. Mcdonald, and J.P. Barnett. 1990. Containers and growing media. Vol. 2 of The Container Tree Nursery Manual, Agricultural Handbook 674. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC, USA.
54. Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, and J.P. Barnett. 1998. Seedling propagation. Vol. 6 of The Container Tree Nursery Manual, Agricultural Handbook 674. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC, USA.
55. Mesón, M. and M. Montoya. 1993. Selvicultura Mediterránea. Mundiprensa, Madrid, Spain.
56. Mikkelsen, R. 1994. Using hydrophilic polymers to control nutrient release. Fertilizer Research, 38: 53-59.
57. Minnich, R.A. 1983. Fire mosaics in southern California, and northern Baja California. Science, 219: 1287-1294.
58. Montero, J.L. and P. Alcanda. 1993. Reforestación y biodiversidad. Montes, 33: 57-76.
59. Montoya, J.M. 1993. Encinas y encinares, Mundi-Prensa, Madrid, Spain.
60. Morvan, N., F. Burel, J. Baudry, P. Tréhen, A. Bellido, Y.R. Delettre, and D. Cluzeau. 1995. Landscape and fire in Brittany heathlands. Landscape and Urban Planning, 31: 81-88.
61. Nilson, M.E. and J. Kjältén. 2003. Covering pine seeds immediately alter seeding: effects on seedling emergence and mortality through seed predation. Forest Ecology and Management, 176: 449-457.
62. Oliet J., R. Planelles, M. López-Arias, and F. Artero. 1997. Efecto de la fertilización en vivero sobre la supervivencia en plantación de Pinus halepensis. pp. 69-79. In Actas de la Reunión de Madrid. Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales, Madrid, Spain.
63. Papió, C. and L. Trabaud. 1991. Comparative study of the aerial structure of five shrubs of Mediterranean shrublands. Forest Science, 37: 146-159.
64. Pausas, J.G. and V.R. Vallejo. 1999. The role of fire in European Mediterranean ecosystems. pp. 3-16. In E. Chuvieco [ed.]. Remote Sensing of Large Wildfires. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
65. Pausas J.G. and M. Verdú. 2005. Plant persistence traits in fire-prone ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: A phylogenetic approach. Oikos, 109: 196-202.
66. Pausas, J.G., R.A. Bradstock, D.A. Keith, J.E. Keeley, and GCTE Fire Network. 2004a. Plant functional traits in relation to fire in crown-fire ecosystems. Ecology, 85: 1085-1100.
67. Pausas, J.G., C. Bladé, A. Valdecantos, J.P. Seva, D. Fuentes, J.A. Alloza, A. Vilagrosa, S. Bautista, J. Cortina, and V.R. Vallejo. 2004b. Pines and oaks in the restoration of Mediterranean landscapes of Spain: New perspectives for an old practice – a review. Plant Ecology, 209: 209-220.
68. Pausas, J.G., E. Ribeiro, and V.R. Vallejo. 2004c. Post-fire regeneration variability of Pinus halepensis in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Forest Ecology and Management, 203: 251-259.
69. Pausas J.G., J.E. Keeley, and M. Verdú. 2006. Inferring differential evolutionary processes of plant persistence traits in Northern Hemisphere Mediterranean fire-prone ecosystems. Journal of Ecology, 94: 31-39.
70. Peman, J. and R. Navarro. 1998. Repoblaciones Forestales Centra. Colección eines, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
71. Peñuelas, J.L. 1995. Medios de producción: substratos y contenedores. pp. 101-122. In J.F. Ballester-Olmos [ed.]. Producción de plantas forestales. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
72. Peñuelas, J.L and L. Ocaña. 1996. Cultivo de plantas forestales en contenedor, principios y fundamentos. MAPA, Mundi-Prensa, Madrid, Spain.
73. Pérez-Devesa, M., J. Cortina, and A. Vilagrosa. 2004. Factors affecting Quercus suber establishment in dense shrublands. p. 132. In The proceedings of LINKECOL. Linking community and ecosystem ecology: recent advances and future challenges, European Science Foundation Conference, imedea, Univeristat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. Online at http://www.imedea.uib.es/natural/terrestrial_ecology/Book%20of%20abstracts%20LINKECOL%20Palma%202004.pdf [accessed 28 Aug 2008]
74. Puértolas J., L. Gil, and J.A. Pardos. 2003. Effects of nutritional status and seedling size on field performance of Pinus halepensis planted on former arable land in the Mediterranean basin. Forestry, 76: 159-168.
75. Querejeta, J.I., A. Roldán, J. Albaladejo, and V. Castillo. 2000. Soil physical properties and moisture content affected by site preparation in the afforestation of a semiarid rangeland. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64: 2087-2096.
76. Retana, J., J.M. Espelta, A. Habrouk, J.L. Ordóñez, and F. Solà-Morales. 2002. Regeneration patterns of three Mediterranean pines and forest changes after a large wildfire in NE Spain. Ecoscience, 9: 89-97.
77. Rey Benayas, J.M. 1998. Growth and survival in Q. ilex seedlings after irrigation and artificial shading in Mediterranean set-aside agricultural land. Annales Sciences Forestiers, 55: 801-807.
78. Riera, J. and C. Castell. 1997. Efectes dels incendis forestals recurrents sobre la distribució de dues espècies del Parc Natural del Garraf: el pi blanc (Pinus halepensis) i la savina (Juniperus phoenicea). Butlleti de l‘Institut Català d’Història Natural, 65: 105-116.
79. Robichaud, P.R., J.L. Bayers, and D.G. Neary. 2000. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Postfire Rehabilitation Treatments. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-63, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
80. Rubio, E., A. Vilagrosa, J. Cortina, and J. Bellot. 2001. Modificaciones morfofisiológicas en plantones de Pistacia lentiscus y Quercus rotundifolia como consecuencia del endurecimiento hídrico en vivero. Efectos sobre supervivencia y crecimiento en campo, pp. 527-538. In Proceedings of III Congreso Forestal Español. Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Granada, Spain.
81. Ryan, K.C. and V.N. Noste. 1985. Evaluating prescribed fires. pp. 230-238. In J. Lotan, B. Kilgore, W. Fischer, and R. Mutch [tech. coords.]. Proceedings, symposium and workshop on wilderness fire, General Technical Report INT-182. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah, USA.
82. Seva, J.P. and J. Cortina. 1999. Diferentes técnicas de plantación. In Proyecto I+D en relación con la Restauración de la Cubierta vegetal en la Comunidad Valenciana. CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
83. Seva, J.P., A. Valdecantos, J. Cortina, and V.R. Vallejo. 2004. Different techniques for afforestation with Quercus ilex ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp. in degraded lands (Comunidad Valenciana). Cuadernos de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales, 17: 233-238.
84. nd International Conference of Forest Fire Research, Coimbra, Portugal.
85. TNC (The Nature Conservancy). 2007. Fire, Ecosystems, and People: Threats and Strategies for Global Biodiversity Conservation. The Nature Conservancy, Global Fire Initiative, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. Online at http://www.nature.org/initiatives/fire/files/fire_ecosystems_and_people.pdf [accessed 15 Sep 2008].
86. Trabaud, L. 1976. Inflammabilité et combustibilité des principales espèces des garrigues de la région méditerranéenne. Oecologia Plantarum, 11(2): 117–136.
87. Trabaud, L. 1994. Post-fire plant community dynamics in the Mediterranean Basin, pp. 1–15 In J.M. Moreno and W.C. Oechel [eds.]. The Role of Fire in Mediterranean-type Ecosystems. Ecological Studies 107. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
88. Trubat, R., J. Cortina, and A. Vilagrosa. 2004. Estado nutricional y establecimiento de especies leñosas en ambiente semiárido. Caudernos de la Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales, 17: 245-251.
89. Turner, M.G. 1987. Landscape Heterogeneity and Disturbance. Ecological Studies 64. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
90. Turner, M.G. and W.H. Romme. 1994. Landscape dynamics in crown fire ecosystems. Landscape Ecology, 9(1): 59-77.
91. Turner, M.G., W.W. Hargrove, R.H. Gardner, and W.H. Romme. 1994. Effects of fire on landscape heterogeneity in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Journal of Vegetation Science, 5: 731–742.
92. Valdecantos, A., D. Fuentes, and J. Cortina. 2004. Utilización de biosólidos en la restauración forestal. pp. 313–344. In V.R. Vallejo and J.A. Alloza [eds.]. Avances en el estudio de la gestión del monte Mediterráneo. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
93. Vallauri, D., J. Aronson, N. Dudley, and R. Vallejo. 2005. Monitoring and evaluating forest restoration success. pp. 150–156. In S. Mansourian, D. Vallauri, and N. Dudley [eds.]. Forest Restoration in Landscapes. Beyond Planting Trees. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
94. Vallejo, V.R. 1999. Post-fire restoration in Mediterranean ecosystems. pp. 199-208. In G. Eftichidis, P. Balabanis, and A. Ghazi [eds.]. Wildfire Management. Proceedings of the Advanced Study Course. Algosystems SA & European Commission DGXII, Athens, Greece.
95. Vallejo, V.R. and J.A. Alloza. 1998. The restoration of burned lands: the case of eastern Spain. pp. 91–108. In J.M. Moreno [ed.]. Large Forest Fires. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
96. Vallejo, V.R., S. Bautista, and J. Cortina. 2000. Restoration for soil protection after disturbances. pp. 301–343. In L. Trabaud [ed.]. Life and Environment in the Mediterranean. WIT Press, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
97. Vallejo, V.R. and J.A. Alloza. 2004. La selección de especie en restauración forestal. 195-214. In V.R. Vallejo and J.A. Alloza [eds.]. Avances en el Estudio de la Gestión del Monte Mediterráneo. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
98. Vallejo, R., J. Aronson, J.G. Pausas, and J. Cortina. 2006. Restoration of Mediterranean woodlands. pp. 193–207. In J. van Andel and J. Aronson [eds.]. Restoration Ecology: The New Frontier. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, Massachusetts USA.
99. Van Andel, J. and A.P. Grootjans. 2006. Concepts in restoration ecology. pp. 16-28. In J. van Andel and J. Aronson [eds.]. Restoration Ecology. The New Frontier. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, Massachusetts USA.
100. Vázquez, A. and J.M. Moreno. 1998. Patterns of lightning- and people-caused fires in peninsular Spain. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 8(2): 103-115.
101. Vilagrosa, A. 2001. Field techniques for the reduction of transplant shock: treeshelters and hydrophilic gels. pp. 85-101. In Restoration of degraded ecosystems in Mediterranean region (REDMED project, EC ENV4-CT97-0682). Cap. 8. Final report. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
102. Vilagrosa, A., J.P. Seva, A. Valdecantos, J. Cortina, J.A. Alloza, I. Serrasolsas, V. Diego, M. Abril, A. Ferran, J. Bellot, and V.R. Vallejo. 1997. Plantaciones para la restauración forestal en la Comunidad Valenciana. pp. 435-548. In V. R. Vallejo [ed.]. 1997. La Restauración de la Cubierta Vegetal en la Comunidad Valenciana. Fundación CEAM, Valencia, Spain.
103. Vilagrosa, A., R.N. Caturla, N. Hernández, J. Cortina, J. Bellot, and V.R. Vallejo. 2001. Reforestaciones en ambiente semiárido del sureste peninsular. Resultados de las investigaciones desarrolladas para optimizar la supervivencia y el crecimiento de especies autóctonas. pp. 213-219. [Online http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/servicios/publicaciones/detalle/45857.html] In The Proceedings of the III Congreso Forestal Español. Montes para la sociedad del nuevo milenio. Junta de Andalucía, Conserjeria de Medio Ambient, Sevilla, Spain. [accessed 2 Sep 2008]
104. Vilagrosa, A., J. Bellot, V.R. Vallejo, and E. Gil. 2003a. Cavitation, stomatal conductance and leaf dieback in seedlings of two co-occurring Mediterranean shrubs during an intense drought. Journal of Experimental Botany, 54: 2015-2024.
105. Vilagrosa, A., J. Cortina, E. Gil-Pelegrín, and J. Bellot. 2003b. Suitability of drought preconditioning techniques in Mediterranean land restoration. Restoration Ecology, 11: 208-216.
106. Vilagrosa, A., J. Cortina, E. Rubio, R. Trubat, E. Chirino, E. Gil-Pelegrín, and V.R. Vallejo. 2005. El papel de la ecofisiología en la restauración forestal de ecosistemas mediterráneos. Investigación agraria. Sistemas y recursos forestales, 14(3): 446-461.
107. Villar-Salvador, P., L. Ocaña, J. L. Peñuelas, and I. Carrasco. 1999. Effect of water stress conditioning on the water relations, root growth capacity, and the nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrate concentration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine) seedlings. Annals of Forest Science, 56: 459-465.
108. Villar-Salvador, P., S. Domínguez, J.L. Peñuelas, L. Carrasco, N. Herrero, J.L. Nicolás, and L. Ocaña. 2000. Plantas grandes y mejor nutridas de P. pinea tienen mejor desarrollo en campo. Volume I, pp. 219–228. In The Proceedings of the 1er Simposio del Pino Piñonero (Pinus pinea L.). Junta de Castilla y León, INIA y Cose, Valladolid, Spain.
109. Vos, W. 1993. Recent landscape transformation in the Tuscan Apennines caused by changing land use. Landscape and Urban Planning, 24: 63-68.
110. Waller, D.M. 1993. How does mast-fruiting get started? Tree, 8: 122-123.
111. Wennström, U., U. Bergsten, and J.E. Nilsson. 1999. Mechanized microsite preparation and direct seeding of Pinus sylvestris in boreal forests – a way to create desired spacing at low cost. New Forests, 18: 179-198.
112. Whisenant, S. 1999. Repairing Damaged Wildlands. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
113. Wiens, J.A., C.S. Crawford, and J.R. Gosz. 1985. Boundary dynamics: a conceptual framework for studying landscape ecosystems. Oikos, 45: 421-427.
114. Winsa, H. and U. Bergstern. 1994. Direct seeding of Pinus sylvestris using microsite preparation and invigorated seed lots of different quality: 2-year results. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24: 77-86.
115. Yassoglou N. 2000. Land, desertification vulnerability and management in Mediterranean landscapes. Volume 1, pp. 87-113. In P. Balabanis, D. Peter, A. Ghazi, and M. Tsogas [eds.]. Mediterranean Desertification. European Commission, Brussels, Belguim.
116. Zobel, B.J., G. Van Wyk, and P. Stahl. 1987. Growing Exotic Forests. J. Wiley & Sons, New York, New York, USA.