Atherosclerotic Risk Stratification Strategy for Carotid Arteries Using Texture-Based Features

Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology

Volumn 38, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 899-915

  Acharya, U Rajendra ^a   Vinitha Sree, S ^b   Muthu Rama Krishnan, M ^a   Molinari, Filippo ^c   Saba, Luca ^g   Ho, Sin Yee Stella ^d   Ahuja, Anil T ^d   Ho, Suzanne C ^e   Nicolaides, Andrew ^d,e   Suri, Jasjit S ^b,f  

^a DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING   (Singapore)

^b Global Biomedical Technologies Inc   (United States)

^c POLITECNICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

^d CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^e IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^f IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY   (Italy)

Author keywords

Asymptomatic; Atherosclerosis; Carotid; Classifier; Far wall; Laws' texture energy; Local binary patterns; Plaque; Risk index; Support vector machine; Symptomatic; Wall variability

Indexed keywords

ASYMPTOMATIC; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CAROTID; FAR WALL; LOCAL BINARY PATTERNS; PLAQUE; RISK INDICES; SYMPTOMATIC; TEXTURE ENERGY; WALL VARIABILITY;

CLASSIFIERS; CONTENT BASED RETRIEVAL; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; TEXTURES; ULTRASONIC APPLICATIONS; ULTRASONICS;

CLASSIFICATION (OF INFORMATION);

ACCURACY; AGED; ALGORITHM; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CLASSIFIER; COMMON CAROTID ARTERY; COMPUTER ASSISTED DIAGNOSIS; DATA MINING; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; K NEAREST NEIGHBOR; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIAL BASIS PROBABILISTIC NEURAL NETWORK; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE;

AGED; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIAC-GATED IMAGING TECHNIQUES; CAROTID ARTERIES; CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PLAQUE, ATHEROSCLEROTIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOFTWARE; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES;

EID: 84860468535     PISSN: 03015629     EISSN: 1879291X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.01.015     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. AbuRahma A.F., Wulu J.T., Crotty B. Carotid plaque ultrasonic heterogeneity and severity of stenosis. Stroke 2002, 33:1772-1775.
2. Acharya R.U., Faust O., Alvin A.P. Vinitha Sree S, Molinari F, Saba L, Nicolaides A, Suri JS. Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic plaque classification in carotid ultrasound. J Med Syst 2011, (in press).
3. Asvestas P., Golemati S., Matsopoulos G.K., Nikita K.S., Nicolaides A.N. Fractal dimension estimation of carotid atherosclerotic plaques from B-mode ultrasound: A pilot study. Ultrasound Med Biol 2002, 28:1129-1136.
4. Bilmes J.A. A gentle tutorial of the EM algorithm and its application to parameter estimation for Gaussian Mixture and Hidden Markov Models. International Computer Science Institute 1998.
5. Boussel L., Serusclat A., Skilton M.R., Vincent F., Bernard S., Moulin P., Saloner D., Douek P.C. The reliability of high resolution MRI in the measurement of early stage carotid wall thickening. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2007, 9:771-776.
6. Brott T.G., Hobson R.W., Howard G., Roubin G.S., Clark W.M., Brooks W., Mackey A., Hill M.D., Leimgruber P.P., Sheffet A.J., Howard V.J., Moore W.S., Voeks J.H., Hopkins L.N., Cutlip D.E., Cohen D.J., Popma J.J., Ferguson R.D., Cohen S.N., Blackshear J.L., Silver F.L., Mohr J.P., Lal B.K., Meschia J.F. CREST Investigators. Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med 2010, 363:11-23.
7. Carr S., Farb A., Pearce W.H., Virmani R., Yao J.S. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture in symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. J Vasc Surg 1996, 23:755-765. discussion 765-6.
8. Cheng D.C., Schmidt-Trucksäss A., Cheng K.S., Burkhardt H. Using snakes to detect the intimal and adventitial layers of the common carotid artery wall in sonographic images. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2002, 67:27-37.
9. Christodoulou C.I., Pattichis C.S., Pantziaris M., Nicolaides A. Texture based classification of atherosclerotic carotid plaques. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2003, 22:902-912.
10. David V., Sanchez A. Advanced support vector machines and kernel methods. Neurocomputing 2003, 55:5-20.
11. Delsanto S., Molinari F., Giustetto P., Liboni W., Badalamenti S. CULEX-completely user-independent layers extraction: Ultrasonic carotid artery images segmentation. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2005, 6:6468-6471.
12. Delsanto S., Molinari F., Liboni W., Giustetto P., Badalamenti S., Suri J.S. User-independent plaque characterization and accurate IMT measurement of carotid artery wall using ultrasound. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2006, 1:2404-2407.
13. Delsanto S., Molinari F., Giustetto P., Liboni W., Badalamenti S., Suri J.S. Characterization of a completely user-independent algorithm for carotid artery segmentation in 2-D ultrasound images. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 2007, 56:1265-1274.
14. de Groot E., van Leuven S.I., Duivenvoorden R., Meuwese M.C., Akdim F., Bots M.L., Kastelein J.J. Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness to assess progression and regression of atherosclerosis. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2008, 5:280-288.
15. MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: Interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70%-99%) or with mild (0%-29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 1991, 337:1235-1243. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group.
16. Endarterectomy for moderate symptomatic carotid stenosis: Interim results from the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial. Lancet 1996, 347:1591-1593. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group.
17. Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: Final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST). Lancet 1998, 351:1379-1387. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group.
18. Faita F., Gemignani V., Bianchini E., Giannarelli C., Ghiadoni L., Demi M. Real-time measurement system for evaluation of the carotid intima-media thickness with a robust edge operator. J Ultrasound Med 2008, 27:1353-1361.
19. Ferguson G.G., Eliasziw M., Barr H.W., Clagett G.P., Barnes R.W., Wallace M.C., Taylor D.W., Haynes R.B., Finan J.W., Hachinski V.C., Barnett H.J. The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial: Surgical results in 1415 patients. Stroke 1999, 30:1751-1758.
20. Graf I.M., Schreuder F.H., Hameleers J.M., Mess W.H., Reneman R.S., Hoeks A.P. Wall irregularity rather than intima-media thickness is associated with nearby atherosclerosis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2009, 35:955-961.
21. Griffin M., Kyriakou E., Nicolaides A. Normalization of ultrasonic images of atherosclerotic plaques and reproducibility of gray-scale media using dedicated software. Int Angiol 2007, 26:372-377.
22. Han J., Kamber M., Pei J. Data mining: Concepts and techniques 2005, Morgan Kaufmann, Waltham, MA.
23. Hatsukami T.S., Ferguson M.S., Beach K.W., Gordon D., Detmer P., Burns D., Alpers C., Strandness D.E. Carotid plaque morphology and clinical events. Stroke 1997, 28:95-100.
24. Joakimsen O., Bøona K.H., Stensland-Bugge E. Reproducibility of ultrasound assessment of carotid plaque occurrence, thickness, and morphology. The Tromsø study. Stroke 1997, 28:2201-2207.
25. Joakimsen O., Bonaa K.H., Mathiesen E.B., Stensland-Bugge E., Arnesen E. Prediction of mortality by ultrasound screening of a general population for carotid stenosis: The Tromsø Study. Stroke 2000, 31:1871-1876.
26. Inzitari D., Eliasziw M., Gates P., Sharpe B.L., Chan R.K., Meldrum H.E., Barnett H.J. The causes and risk of stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal-carotid-artery stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:1693-1700.
27. Kapetanovic I.M., Rosenfeld S., Izmirlian G. Overview of commonly used bioinformatics methods and their applications. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004, 1020:10-21.
28. Kern R., Szabo K., Hennerici M., Meairs S. Plaque characterization using compound ultrasound. Stroke 2004, 35:870-875.
29. Kyriacou E., Pattichis M.S., Christodoulou C.I., Pattichis C.S., Kakkos S., Griffin M., Nicolaides A. Ultrasound imaging in the analysis of carotid plaque morphology for the assessment of stroke. Study Health Technol Inform 2005, 113:241-275.
30. Kyriacou E.C., Pattichis C.S., Karaolis M.A., Loizou C.P., Christodoulou C.I., Pattichis M.S., Kakkos S., Nicolaides A. An integrated system for assessing stroke risk. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 2007, 26:43-50.
31. Kyriacou E., Pattichis M., Pattichis C.S., Mavrommatis A., Christodoulou C.I., Kakkos S., Nicolaides A. Classification of atherosclerotic carotid plaques using morphological analysis on ultrasound images. J Appl Intell 2009, 30:3-23.
32. Kyriacou E., Pattichis C., Pattichis M., Loizou C., Christodoulou C., Kakkos S.K., Nicolaides A. A review of noninvasive ultrasound image processing methods in the analysis of carotid plaque morphology for the assessment of stroke risk. IEEE Trans Inf Technol B 2010, 14:1027-1038.
33. Laws K.I. Rapid texture identification. SPIE Conference Series 1980, 238:376-380.
34. Liao S., Law M.W.K., Chung A.C.S. Dominant local binary patterns for texture classification. IEEE Trans Image Proc 2009, 18:1107-1118.
35. Liguori C., Paolillo A., Pietrosanto A. An automatic measurement system for the evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 2001, 50:1684-1691.
36. Loizou C.P., Pattichis C.S., Pantziaris M., Tyllis T., Nicolaides A. Snakes based segmentation of the common carotid artery intima media. Med Biol Eng Comput 2007, 45:35-49.
37. Mirmehdi M., Xie X., Suri J.S. Handbook of texture analysis 2008, Imperial College Press, London.
38. Molinari F., Delsanto S., Giustetto P., Liboni W., Badalamenti S., Suri J.S. User-independent plaque segmentation and accurate intima-media thickness measurement of carotid artery wall using ultrasound. Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound imaging 2008, Artech House, Norwood, MA. J.S. Suri, C. Kathuria, F. Molinari, A. Fenster (Eds.).
39. Molinari F., Zeng G., Suri J.S. A state of the art review on intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement and wall segmentation techniques for carotid ultrasound. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2010, 100:201-221.
40. Molinari F., Zeng G., Suri J.S. An integrated approach to computer- based automated tracing and its validation for 200 common carotid arterial wall ultrasound images: A new technique. J Ultrasound Med 2010, 29:399-418.
41. Molinari F., Zeng G., Suri J.S. Intima-media thickness: Setting a standard for completely automated method for ultrasound. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2010, 57:1112-1124.
42. Molinari F., Liboni W., Giustetto P., Pavanelli E., Marsico A., Suri J.S. Carotid plaque characterization with contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging and its histological validation. J Vasc Ultrasound 2010, 34:1-10.
43. Molinari F., Pattichis C., Zeng G., Saba L., Acharya U., Sanfilippo R., Nicolaides A., Suri J.S. Completely automated multiresolution edge snapper (CAMES)-A new technique for an accurate carotid ultrasound IMT measurement: Clinical validation and benchmarking on a multi-institutional database. IEEE Trans Image Process 2011, (in press).
44. Molinari F., Meiburger K.M., Zeng G., Nicolaides A., Suri J.S. CAUDLES-EF: Carotid automated ultrasound double line extraction system using edge flow. J Digit Imaging 2011, 24:1059-1077.
45. Molinari F., Rajendra Acharya U., Zeng G., Meiburger K.M., Suri J.S. Completely automated robust edge snapper for carotid ultrasound IMT measurement on a multi-institutional database of 300 images. Med Biol Eng Comput 2011, 49:935-945.
46. Molinari F., Liboni W., Pantziaris M., Suri J.S. CALSFOAM-Completed Automated Local Statistics based First Order Absolute Moment for carotid wall recognition, segmentation and IMT measurement: Validation and benchmarking on a 300 patient database. International Angiology 2011, 30:227-241.
47. Mougiakakou S.G., Golemati S., Gousias I., Nicolaides A.N., Nikita K.S. Computer-aided diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis based on ultrasound image statistics, Laws' texture and neural networks. Ultrasound Med Biol 2007, 33:26-36.
48. Muller K.R., Mika S., Ratsch G., Tsuda K., Scholkopf B. An introduction to kernel based learning algorithms. IEEE Trans Neural Network 2001, 12:181-201.
49. Nakashima Y., Wight T.N., Sueishi K. Early atherosclerosis in humans: Role of diffuse intimal thickening and extracellular matrix proteoglycans. Cardiovasc Res 2008, 79:14-23.
50. Nicolaides A.N., Kakkos S.K., Griffin M., Sabetai M., Dhanjil S., Tegos T., Thomas D.J., Giannoukas A., Geroulakos G., Georgiou N., Francis S., Ioannidou E., Doré C.J. Severity of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric ischaemic events: Results from the ACSRS study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005, 30:275-284. Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) Study Group.
51. Ojala T., Pietikäinen M., Harwood D. A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on feature distributions. Pattern Recogn 1996, 29:51-59.
52. Ojala T., Pietikäinen M., Maenpaa T. Multiresolution gray-scale and rotation invariant texture classification with local binary patterns. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal 2002, 24:971-987.
53. Petrou M., Sevilla P.G. Image processing-Dealing with texture 2006, John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England.
54. Pignoli P., Longo T. Evaluation of atherosclerosis with B-mode ultrasound imaging. J Nucl Med Allied Sci 1988, 32:166-173.
55. Polak J.F., Shemanski L., O'Leary D.H., Lefkowitz D., Price T.R., Savage P.J., Brant W.E., Reid C. Hypoechoic plaque at US of the carotid artery: An independent risk factor for incident stroke in adults aged 65 years or older. Cardiovascular Health Study. Radiology 1998, 208:649-654.
56. Polak J.F., Funk L.C., O'Leary D.H. Inter-reader differences in common carotid artery intima-media thickness: Implications for cardiovascular risk assessment and vascular age determination. J Ultrasound Med 2011, 30:915-920.
57. Raines E.W., Ross R. Biology of atherosclerotic plaque formation: Possible role of growth factors in lesion development and the potential impact of soy. J Nutr 1995, 125:624S-630S.
58. Ross T.J. Fuzzy logic with engineering applications 2004, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, West Sussex, UK.
59. Rossi A.C., Brands P.J., Hoeks A.P. Automatic localization of intimal and adventitial carotid artery layers with noninvasive ultrasound: A novel algorithm providing scan quality control. Ultrasound Med Biol 2010, 36:467-479.
60. Rothwell P.M., Gutnikov S.A., Warlow C.P. European Carotid Surgery Trialist's Collaboration. Reanalysis of the final results of the European Carotid Surgery Trial. Stroke 2003, 34:514-523.
61. Saba L., Sanfilippo R., Montisci R., Suri J.S., Sannia S., Mallarini G. Carotid artery wall thickness (CAWT) measured using computed tomography: Inter- and intraobserver agreement analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011, (in press).
62. Sabetai M.M., Tegos T.J., Nicolaides A.N., El-Atrozy T.S., Dhanjil S., Griffin M., Belcaro G., Geroulakos G. Hemispheric symptoms and carotid plaque echomorphology. J Vasc Surg 2000, 31:39-49.
63. Sanches J.M., Laine A.F., Suri J.S. Ultrasound imaging: Advances and applications 2012, Springer, London.
64. Schmidt C., Fagerberg B., Wirkstrand J., Hulthe J. Multiple risk factor intervention reduces cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with echolucent plaques in the carotid artery. J Intern Med 2003, 253:430-438. Ris study group.
65. Seabra J., Pedro L.M., Fernandes F.E., Sanches J. Ultrasonographic characterization and identification of symptomatic carotid plaques. Proc 32nd Annu Intl Conf IEEE EMBS 2010, 6110-6113.
66. Specht D.F. Probabilistic neural networks. J Neural Networks 1990, 3:109-118.
67. Stary H.C., Blankenhorn D.H., Chandler A.B., Glagov S., Insull W., Richardson M., Rosenfeld M.E., Schaffer S.A., Schwartz C.J., Wagner W.D. A definition of the intima of human arteries and of its atherosclerosis-prone regions. A report from the Committee on Vascular Lesions of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association. Circulation 1992, 85:391-403.
68. Stein J.H., Korcarz C.E., Mays M.E., Douglas P.S., Palta M., Zhang H., Lecaire T., Paine D., Gustafson D., Fan L. A semiautomated ultrasound border detection program that facilitates clinical measurement of ultrasound carotid intima-media thickness. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005, 18:244-251.
69. Stoitsis J., Golemati S., Nikita K.S., Nicolaides A.N. Characterization of carotid atherosclerosis based on motion and texture features and clustering using fuzzy c-means. Proc 26th Annu Intl Conf IEEE EMBS 2004, 1407-1410.
70. Sugeno M. Industrial applications of fuzzy control 1985, Elsevier Science Pub. Co., North-Holland.
71. Suri J.S., Kathuria C., Molinari F. Atherosclerosis disease management 2010, Springer, London.
72. Tegos T.J., Sohail M., Sabetai M.M., Robless P., Akbar N., Pare G., Stansby G., Nicolaides A.N. Echomorphologic and histopathologic characteristics of unstable carotid plaques. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000, 21:1937-1944.
73. Touboul P.J., Vicaut E., Labreuche J., Belliard J.P., Cohen S., Kownator S., Pithois-Merli I. Design, baseline characteristics and carotid intima-media thickness reproducibility in the PARC study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005, 19:57-63.
74. Virmani R., Kolodgie F.D., Burke A.P., Farb A., Schwartz S.M. Lessons from sudden coronary death: A comprehensive morphological classification scheme for atherosclerotic lesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000, 20:1262-1275.
75. WHO, CVD, Available at:. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/index.html.
76. Wilson P.W.F. Atlas of Atherosclerosis. Risk factors and Treatment 2003, Current Medicine, Philadelphia. 3rd ed.
77. Zhang B., Gao Y., Zhao S., Liu J. Local derivative pattern versus local binary pattern: Face recognition with high-order local pattern descriptor. IEEE Trans Image Process 2010, 19:533-544.