The place of the ISPS Code in the legal international regime: For the security of international shipping

WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 17-30

  Mensah, Thomas A ^a  

^a International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea ^*  (Germany)

Author keywords

piracy; ports; security; shipping; terrorism

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859894522     PISSN: 1651436X     EISSN: 16541642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03195047     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. High Seas, Arts. 15-22.
2. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982. Arts. 100-107. In: The Law of the Sea: Official Text of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea with Annexes and Index. New York: United Nations, 1983.
3. Mejia, M. Q.: Defining Maritime Violence and Maritime Security. In Mukherjee, P. K., Mejia, M. Q., Gauci, G. M. (eds): Maritimeviolence and other security issues at sea, Proceedings of the International Symposium at the World Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden 26-30 August 2002. Malmö: World Maritime University, 2002, p. 34.
4. Mejia M.Q., Defining Maritime Violence and Maritime Security, Maritimeviolence and Other Security Issues at Sea, Proceedings of the International Symposium at the World Maritime University,Malmö, Sweden 26-30 August 2002.
5. See also Halberstam, M.: Terrorism on the High Seas: the Achille Lauro, Piracy and the IMO Convention on Maritime Safety. In: American Journal of International Law. 82, April (1988), No. 2, pp. 269-310.
6. Menefee, S.: The Achille Lauro and Similar Incidents as Piracy: Two Arguments. In: Ellen, E. (ed.): Piracy at Sea. Paris: ICC Publications SA, 1989, pp. 179-80.
7. IMO Assembly resolution 544 (14) adopted on 20 November 1985. Emphasis supplied.
8. United Nations General Assembly resolution 40/61 adopted on 9 December 1985. Emphasis supplied.
9. Text in 27 ILM 672 (1988).
10. SUA, Art. 3, paragraph 1(a).
11. Art. 3, sub-paragraphs 1 (b) - (g) and paragraph 2.
12. Art. 3, sub-paragraphs 1 (b) - (g) and paragraph 2 Art. 5.
13. Art. 3, sub-paragraphs 1 (b) - (g) and paragraph 2 Art. 5.
14. IMO Assembly 942(22) of December 2001.
15. The proposed new offences relate mainly to the use of a ship as an instrument or theatre for terrorist activities, such as the use of ships for the storage or transport of materials or persons for terrorist crimes. The proposed new offences are listed in paragraph 8 of document LEG 85/4.
16. SOLAS, Chapter XI, Regulation 5.
17. SOLAS. new Chapter XI-2, Regulation 4
18. SOLAS. Regulation 5.
19. SOLAS. Regulation 6.
20. SOLAS. Regulation 8.
21. SOLAS. Regulation 9, paragraph 1. Sub-paragraph 1. 3 of the Regulation states that "such control measures may additionally or alternatively include other lesser administrative or corrective measures".
22. Regulation 9, paragraph 2. Regulation 9 provides that denial of entry into port "shall only be imposed where the officers of duly authorized by the (port state) have clear grounds to believe that the ship poses an immediate threat to the security or safety of persons, or of ships or other property and there are no other appropriate means of removing the threat" (paragraph 3. 3). Where entry into port is denied to a ship, the coastal stated is obliged to communicate the appropriate facts to the authorities of the next appropriate port of call or any other appropriate coastal states (paragraph 3. 2).
23. Regulation 10.
24. Regulation 11.
25. Regulation 12.
26. Conference resolution 2, operative paragraph 2.
27. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code.
28. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraph 1. 3.
29. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraph 3. 2.
30. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraph 4.
31. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. Paragraph 6
32. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraphs 7 to 10.
33. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraphs 14-17.
34. Part A, paragraph 1. 2, of the ISPS Code. paragraph 19.
35. Conference resolution No. 8, adopted on 12 December 2002. IMO document SOLAS/CONF. 5/34 Annex 2, page 10.
36. ISPS Code, Preamble, paragraph 5.
37. Introduction to Part A of the ISPS Code, paragraph 1. 1 and Regulation 1. 12 of Chapter XI-2 of the 2002 Amendments to the 1974 SOLAS Convention in SOLAS/CONF. 5/32 ANNEX.