Cytoarchitecture of the Spinal Cord

The Spinal Cord

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 64-93

  Heise, Claire ^a   Kayalioglu, Gulgun ^b  

^a NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b EGE UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859781469     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374247-6.50010-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (334)

1. Abols IA, Basbaum AI Afferent connections of the rostral medulla of the cat, A neural substrate for midbrain-medullary interactions in the modulation of pain. J Comp Neurol 1981, 201:285-297.
2. Al-Chaer ED, Lawand NB, Westlund KN, Willis WD Pelvic visceral input into the nucleus gracilis is largely mediated by the postsynaptic dorsal column pathway. J Neurophysiol 1996, 76:2675-2690.
3. Alvarez FJ, Kavookjian AM, Light AR Ultrastructural morphology, synaptic relationships, and CGRP immunoreactivity of physiologically identified C-fiber terminals in the monkey spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1993, 329:472-490.
4. Alvarez FJ, Villalba RM, Carr PA, Grandes P, Somohano PM Differential distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors 1a, 1b, and 5 in the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 2000, 422:464-487.
5. Ammann B, Gottschall J, Zenker W Afferent projections from the rat longus capitis muscle studied by transganglionic transport of HRP. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1983, 166:275-289.
6. Andrew D, Krout KE, Craig AD Differentiation of lamina I spinomedullary and spinothalamic neurons in the cat. J Comp Neurol 2003, 458:257-271.
7. Anelli R, Heckman CJ The calcium binding proteins calbindin, parvalbumin, and calretinin have specific patterns of expression in the gray matter of cat spinal cord. J Neurocytol 2005, 34:369-385.
8. Antal M Termination areas of corticobulbar and corticospinal fibres in the rat. J Hirnforsch 1984, 25:647-659.
9. Antal M, Polgár E, Chalmers J, Minson JB, Llewellyn-Smith I, Heizmann CW, Somogyi P Different populations of parvalbumin- and calbindin-D28k-immunoreactive neurons contain GABA and accumulate 3H-D-aspartate in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1991, 314:114-124.
10. Apkarian AV, Hodge CJ A dorsolateral spinothalamic tract in macaque monkey. Pain 1989, 37:323-333.
11. Aronin N, DiFiglia M, Liotta AS, Martin JB Ultrastructural localization and biochemical features of immunoreactive LEU-enkephalin in monkey dorsal horn. J Neurosci 1981, 1:561-577.
12. Baker ML, Giesler GJ Anatomical studies of the spinocervical tract of the rat. Somatosens Res 1984, 2:1-18.
13. Bankoul S, Neuhuber WL A direct projection from the medial vestibular nucleus to the cervical spinal dorsal horn of the rat, as demonstrated by anterograde and retrograde tracing. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1992, 185:77-85.
14. Barber RP, Vaughn JE, Roberts E The cytoarchitecture of GABAergic neurons in rat spinal cord. Brain Res 1982, 238:305-328.
15. Barber RP, Phelps EP, Houser CR, Crawford DG, Salvaterra MP, Vaughn JE The morphology and distribution of neurons containing choline acetyltransferase in the adult rat spinal cord: an immunocytochemical study. J Comp Neurol 1984, 229:329-346.
16. Basbaum AI, Fields HL Endogenous pain control systems: brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry. Annu Rev Neurosci 1984, 7:309-338.
17. Battaglia G, Rustioni A Substance P innervation of the rat and cat thalamus. II. Cells of origin in the spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1992, 315:473-486.
18. Beal JA, Cooper MH The neurons in the gelatinosal complex (Laminae II and III) of the monkey (Macaca mulatta): a golgi study. J Comp Neurol 1978, 179:89-121.
19. Beal JA, Penny JE, Bicknell HR Structural diversity of marginal (lamina I) neurons in the adult monkey (Macaca mulatta) lumbosacral spinal cord: a golgi study. J Comp Neurol 1981, 202:237-254.
20. Bennett GJ, Seltzer Z, Lu GW, Nishikawa N, Dubner R The cells of origin of the dorsal column postsynaptic projection in the lumbosacral enlargements of cats and monkeys. Somatosens Res 1983, 1:131-149.
21. Bennett GJ, Nishikawa N, Lu GW, Hoffert MJ, Dubner R The morphology of dorsal column postsynaptic spinomedullary neurons in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1984, 224:568-578.
22. Berkley KJ, Blomqvist A, Pelt A, Flink R Differences in the collateralization of neuronal projections from the dorsal column nuclei and lateral cervical nucleus to the thalamus and tectum in the cat: an anatomical study using two different double-labeling techniques. Brain Res 1980, 202:273-290.
23. Bernardi PS, Valtschanoff JG, Weinberg RJ, Schmidt HH, Rustioni A Synaptic interactions between primary afferent terminals and GABA and nitric oxide-synthesizing neurons in superficial laminae of the rat spinal cord. J Neurosci 1995, 15:1363-1371.
24. Blok BF, van Maarseveen JT, Holstege G Electrical stimulation of the sacral dorsal gray commissure evokes relaxation of the external urethral sphincter in the cat. Neurosci Lett 1998, 249:68-70.
25. Broman J, Blomqvist A Serotonergic innervation of the lateral cervical nucleus: an immunohistochemical study in cats and monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus). Synapse 1990, 6:55-62.
26. Broman J, Westman J GABA-immunoreactive neurons and terminals in the lateral cervical nucleus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1988, 274:467-482.
27. Brown AG Organization in the Spinal Cord 1981, Verlag Springer, New York.
28. Brown AG, Fyffe RE Synaptic contacts made by identified Ia afferent fibres upon motoneurones. J Physiol 1978, 284:43P-44P.
29. Brown AG, Fyffe RE Direct observations on the contacts made between Ia afferent fibres and alpha-motoneurones in the cat's lumbosacral spinal cord. J Physiol 1981, 313:121-140.
30. Brown AG, Rose PK, Snow PJ The morphology of hair follicle afferent fibre collaterals in the spinal cord of the cat. J Physiol 1977, 272:779-797.
31. Brown LT Rubrospinal projections in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1974, 154:169-187.
32. Bryan RN, Trevino DL, Willis WD Evidence for a common location of alpha and gamma motoneurons. Brain Res 1972, 38:193-196.
33. Burke RE, Strick PL, Kanda K, Kim CC, Walmsley B Anatomy of medial gastrocnemius and soleus motor nuclei in cat spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 1977, 40:667-680.
34. Burstein R, Giesler GJ Retrograde labeling of neurons in spinal cord that project directly to nucleus accumbens or the septal nuclei in the rat. Brain Res 1989, 497:149-154.
35. Burstein R, Potrebic S Retrograde labeling of neurons in the spinal cord that project directly to the amygdala or the orbital cortex in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1993, 335:469-485.
36. Burstein R, Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Direct somatosensory projections from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus and telencephalon. J Neurosci 1987, 7:4159-4164.
37. Burstein R, Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Cells of origin of the spinohypothalamic tract in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990, 291:329-344.
38. Burstein R, Dado RJ, Giesler GJ The cells of origin of the spinothalamic tract of the rat: a quantitative reexamination. Brain Res 1990, 511:329-337.
39. Burstein R, Wang JL, Elde RP, Giesler GJ Neurons in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus that project to the hypothalamus do not also project through the pelvic nerve - a double labeling study combining Fluoro-gold and cholera toxin B in the rat. Brain Res 1990, 506:159-165.
40. Cabot JB, Alessi V, Bushnell A Glycine-like immunoreactive input to sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Brain Res 1992, 571:1-18.
41. Cabot JB, Alessi V, Bushnell A A quantitative ultrastructural immunogold labeling study of the relationships between glutamate (GLU) and GABA containing boutons synapsing on sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1994, 20:843.
42. Campistron G, Buijs RM, Geffard M Glycine neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Antibody production and immunocytochemical localization. Brain Res 1986, 376:400-405.
43. Carleton SC, Carpenter MB Afferent and efferent connections of the medial, inferior and lateral vestibular nuclei in the cat and monkey. Brain Res 1983, 278:29-51.
44. Carlton SM, Chung JM, Leonard RB, Willis WD Funicular trajectories of brainstem neurons projecting to the lumbar spinal cord in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis): a retrograde labeling study. J Comp Neurol 1985, 241:382-404.
45. Carstens E, Trevino DL Laminar origins of spinothalamic projections in the cat as determined by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1978, 182:161-165.
46. Cechetto DF, Standaert DG, Saper CB Spinal and trigeminal dorsal horn projections to the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1985, 240:153-160.
47. Cervero F, Connell LA Distribution of somatic and visceral primary afferent fibres within the thoracic spinal cord of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1984, 230:88-98.
48. Cervero F, Iggo A, Molony V Responses of spinocervical tract neurones to noxious stimulation of the skin. J Physiol 1977, 267:537-558.
49. Cervero F, Tattersall JEH Somatic and visceral sensory integration in the thoracic spinal cord. Prog Brain Res 1986, 67:189-205.
50. Cervero F, Handwerker HO, Laird JM Prolonged noxious mechanical stimulation of the rat's tail: responses and encoding properties of dorsal horn neurones. J Physiol 1988, 404:419-436.
51. Chaouch A, Menétrey D, Binder D, Besson JM Neurons at the origin of the medial component of the bulbopontine spinoreticular tract in the rat: an anatomical study using horseradish peroxidase retrograde transport. J Comp Neurol 1983, 214:309-320.
52. Cho HJ, Basbaum AI Ultrastructural analysis of dynorphin B-immunoreactive cells and terminals in the superficial dorsal horn of the deafferented spinal cord of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1989, 281:193-205.
53. Christensen BN, Perl ER Spinal neurons specifically excited by noxious or thermal stimuli: marginal zone of the dorsal horn. J Neurophysiol 1970, 33:293-307.
54. Chung JM, Chung K, Wurster R Sympathetic preganglionic neurons of the cat spinal cord: horseradish peroxidase study. Brain Res 1975, 91:126-131.
55. Ciriello J, Calaresu FR Central projections of afferent renal fibers in the rat: an anterograde transport study of horseradish peroxidase. J Auton Nerv Syst 1983, 8:273-285.
56. Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Postsynaptic dorsal column pathway of the rat. III. Distribution of ascending afferent fibers. J Neurosci 1989, 9:3146-3168.
57. Cliffer KD, Urca G, Elde RP, Giesler GJ Studies of peptidergic input to the lateral spinal nucleus. Brain Res 1988, 460:356-360.
58. Coffield JA, Miletic V, Zimmermann E, Hoffert MJ, Brooks BR Demonstration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in neurons of the mouse spinal dorsal horn. J Neurosci 1986, 6:1194-1197.
59. Conrath M, Taquet H, Pohl M, Carayon A Immunocytochemical evidence of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like neurons in the dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus of the rat cervical spinal cord. J Chem Neuroanat 1989, 2:335-347.
60. Conrath-Verrier M, Dietl M, Tramu G Cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of the rat: a light and electron microscopic study. Neuroscience 1984, 13:871-885.
61. Cook AJ, Woolf CJ Cutaneous receptive field and morphological properties of hamstring flexor alpha-motoneurones in the rat. J Physiol 1985, 364:249-263.
62. Craig AD Spinal and supraspinal processing of specific pain and temperature. Touch, temperature, and pain in health and disease: mechanisms and assessments. Progress in pain research and management 1994, Vol 3. IASP Press, Seattle. J. Boivie, P. Hansson, U. Lindblom (Eds.).
63. Craig AD Distribution of brainstem projections from spinal lamina I neurons in the cat and the monkey. J Comp Neurol 1995, 361:225-248.
64. Craig AD Spinal location of ascending lamina I axons in the macaque monkey. J Pain 2000, 1:33-45.
65. Craig AD, Burton H The lateral cervical nucleus in the cat: anatomic organization of cervicothalamic neurons. J Comp Neurol 1979, 185:329-346.
66. Craig AD, Hunsley SJ Morphine enhances the activity of thermoreceptive cold-specific lamina I spinothalamic neurons in the cat. Brain Res 1991, 558:93-97.
67. Craig AD, Serrano LP Effects of systemic morphine on lamina I spinothalamic tract neurons in the cat. Brain Res 1994, 636:233-244.
68. Craig AD, Linington AJ, Kniffki KD Significant differences in the retrograde labeling of spinothalamic tract cells by horseradish peroxidase and the fluorescent tracers fast blue and diamidino yellow. Exp Brain Res 1989, 74:431-436.
69. Craig AD, Broman J, Blomqvist A Lamina I spinocervical tract terminations in the medial part of the lateral cervical nucleus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1992, 322:99-110.
70. Craig AD, Tapper DN Lateral cervical nucleus in the cat, functional organization and characteristics. J Neurophysiol 1978, 41:1511-1534.
71. Craig AD, Linington AJ, Kniffki KD Cells of origin of spinothalamic tract projections to the medial and lateral thalamus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1989, 289:568-585.
72. Cruz L, Basbaum AI Multiple opioid peptides and the modulation of pain: immunohistochemical analysis of dynorphin and enkephalin in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis and spinal cord of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1985, 240:331-348.
73. Cummings JF Thoracolumbar preganglionic neurons and adrenal innervation in the dog. Acta Anat 1969, 73:27-37.
74. Dagci T, Okur BE, Kayalioglu G Lateral spinal nucleus of the rat, NADPH-diaphorase activity and Fos expression after noxious peripheral stimulation. Neurophysiology 2008, 40:34-38.
75. Dawson NJ, Dickenson AH, Hellon RF, Woolf CJ Inhibitory controls on thermal neurones in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of cats and rats. Brain Res 1981, 209:440-445.
76. De Groat WC, Nadelhaft I, Milne RJ, Booth AM, Morgan C, Thor K Organization of the sacral parasympathetic reflex pathways to the urinary bladder and large intestine. J Auton Nerv Syst 1981, 3:135-160.
77. De Groat WC, Booth AM, Milne RJ, Roppolo JR Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the sacral spinal cord. J Auton Nerv Syst 1982, 5:23-43.
78. De Koninck Y, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Henry JL, Cuello AC Spinal neurons exhibiting a specific nociceptive response receive abundant substance P-containing synaptic contacts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89:5073-5077.
79. Deuschl G, Illert M Cytoarchitectonic organization of lumbar preganglionic sympathetic neurons in the cat. J Auton Nerv Syst 1981, 3:193-213.
80. Ding YQ, Takada M, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N Spinoparabrachial tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of the rat. Brain Res 1995, 674:336-340.
81. Donevan AH, Neuber-Hess M, Rose PK Multiplicity of vestibulospinal projections to the upper cervical spinal cord of the cat: a study with the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. J Comp Neurol 1990, 302:1-14.
82. Dostrovsky JO, Craig AD Cooling-specific spinothalamic neurons in the monkey. J Neurophysiol 1996, 76:3656-3665.
83. Dostrovsky JO, Shah Y, Gray BG Descending inhibitory influences from periaqueductal gray, nucleus raphe magnus, and adjacent reticular formation, II. Effects on medullary dorsal horn nociceptive and nonnociceptive neurons. J Neurophysiol 1983, 49:948-960.
84. Dun NJ, Dun SL, Wu SY, Förstermann U, Schmidt HH, Tseng LF Nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactivity in the rat, mouse, cat and squirrel monkey spinal cord. Neuroscience 1993, 54:845-857.
85. Dutton RC, Carstens MI, Antognini JF, Carstens E Long ascending propriospinal projections from lumbosacral to upper cervical spinal cord in the rat. Brain Res 2006, 1119:76-85.
86. Eccles JC, Fatt P, Koketsu K Cholinergic and inhibitory synapses in a pathway from motor-axon collaterals to motoneurones. J Physiol 1954, 126:524-562.
87. Edgley SA, Gallimore CM The morphology and projections of dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurones in the cat. J Physiol 1988, 397:99-111.
88. Edgley SA, Grant GM Inputs to spinocerebellar tract neurones located in stilling's nucleus in the sacral segments of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1991, 305:130-138.
89. Esteves F, Lima D, Coimbra A Structural types of spinal cord marginal (lamina I) neurons projecting to the nucleus of the tractus soiltarius in the rat. Somatosens Mot Res 1993, 10:203-216.
90. Feng YP, Li YQ, Wang W, Wu SX, Chen T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N Morphological evidence for GABA/glycine-cocontaining terminals in synaptic contact with neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing neurons in the sacral dorsal commissural nucleus of the rat. Neurosci Lett 2005, 388:144-148.
91. Ferrington DG, Sorkin LS, Willis WD Responses of spinothalamic tract cells in the superficial dorsal horn of the primate lumbar spinal cord. J Physiol 1987, 388:681-703.
92. Fields HL, Malick A, Burstein R Dorsal horn projection targets of ON and OFF cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla. J Neurophysiol 1995, 74:1742-1759.
93. Finley JC, Maderdrut JL, Petrusz P The immunocytochemical localization of enkephalin in the central nervous system of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1981, 198:542-565.
94. Foreman RD, Hobbs SF, Oh UT, Chandler MJ Differential modulation of thoracic and lumbar spinothalamic tract cell activity during stimulation of cardiopulmonary sympathetic afferent fibers in the primate. A new concept for visceral pain?. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress on Pain 1988, Elsevier, Amsterdam. R. Dubner, G.F. Gebhart, M.R. Bond (Eds.).
95. Fuji K, Senba E, Fujii S, Nomura I, Wu JY, Ueda Y, Tohyama M Distribution, ontogeny and projections of cholecystokinin-8, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gamma-aminobutyrate-containing neuron systems in the rat spinal cord: an immunohistochemical analysis. Neuroscience 1985, 4:881-894.
96. Galhardo V, Lima D Structural characterization of marginal (lamina I) spinal cord neurons in the cat: a Golgi study. J Comp Neurol 1999, 315-333.
97. Gibson SJ, Polak JM, Bloom SR, Wall PD The distribution of nine peptides in rat spinal cord with special emphasis on the substantia gelatinosa and on the area around the central canal (lamina X). J Comp Neurol 1981, 201:65-79.
98. Giesler GJ, Elde RP Immunocytochemical studies of the peptidergic content of fibers and terminals within the lateral spinal and lateral cervical nuclei. J Neurosci 1985, 5:1833-1841.
99. Giesler GJ, Menétrey D, Basbaum AI Differential origins of spinothalamic tract projections to medial and lateral thalamus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1979, 184:107-126.
100. Giesler GJ, Urca G, Cannon JT, Liebeskind JC Response properties of neurons of the lateral cervical nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1979, 186:65-77.
101. Giesler GJ, Katter JT, Dado RJ Direct spinal pathways to the limbic system for nociceptive information. Trends Neurosci 1994, 17:244-250.
102. Glazer EJ, Basbaum AI Immunohistochemical localization of leucine-enkephalin in the spinal cord of the cat: enkephalin-containing marginal neurons and pain modulation. J Comp Neurol 1981, 196:377-389.
103. Gobel S Golgi studies in the substantia gelatinosa neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1975, 162:397-415.
104. Gobel S Golgi studies of the neurons in layer II of the dorsal horn of the medulla (trigeminal nucleus caudalis). J Comp Neurol 1978, 180:395-413.
105. Granum SL The spinothalamic system of the rat. I. Locations of cells of origin. J Comp Neurol 1986, 247:159-180.
106. Grillner S, Hongo T Vestibulospinal effects on motoneurones and interneurones in the lumbosacral cord. Prog Brain Res 1972, 37:243-262.
107. Gwyn DG, Waldron HA A nucleus in the dorsolateral funiculus of the spinal cord of the rat. Brain Res 1968, 10:342-351.
108. Han ZS, Zhang ET, Craig AD Nociceptive and thermoreceptive lamina I neurons are anatomically distinct. Nat Neurosci 1998, 1:218-225.
109. Hancock MB, Peveto CA A preganglionic autonomic nucleus in the dorsal gray commissure of the lumbar spinal cord of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1979, 183:65-72.
110. Hantman AW, van den Pol AN, Perl ER Morphological and physiological features of a set of spinal substantia gelatinosa neurons defined by green fluorescent protein expression. J Neurosci 2004, 24:836-842.
111. Harkness DH, Brownfield MS A thyrotropin-releasing hormone-containing system in the rat dorsal horn separate from serotonin. Brain Res 1986, 384:323-333.
112. Harrison PJ, Jankowska E, Zytnicki D Lamina VIII interneurones interposed in crossed reflex pathways in the cat. J Physiol 1986, 371:147-166.
113. Heinke B, Ruscheweyh R, Forsthuber L, Wunderbaldinger G, Sandkühler J Physiological, neurochemical and morphological properties of a subgroup of GABAergic spinal lamina II neurons identified by expression of green fluorescent protein in mice. J Physiol 2004, 560:249-266.
114. Herdegen T, Rüdiger S, Mayer B, Bravo R, Zimmermann M Expression of nitric oxide synthase and colocalisation with Jun, Fos and Krox transcription factors in spinal cord neurons following noxious stimulation of the rat hindpaw. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1994, 22:245-258.
115. Hirai N, Hongo T, Sasaki S Cerebellar projection and input organizations of the spinocerebellar tract arising from the central cervical nucleus in the cat. Brain Res 1978, 157:341-345.
116. Hoheisel U, Lehmann-Willenbrock E, Mense S Termination patterns of identified group II and III afferent fibres from deep tissues in the spinal cord of the cat. Neuroscience 1989, 28:495-507.
117. Holets V, Elde R The differential distribution and relationship of serotoninergic and peptidergic fibers to sympathoadrenal neurons in the intermediolateral cell column of the rat, a combined retrograde axonal transport and immunofluorescence study. Neuroscience 1982, 7:1155-1174.
118. Holstege G Some anatomical observations on the projections from the hypothalamus to brainstem and spinal cord: an HRP and autoradiographic tracing study in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1987, 260:98-126.
119. Holstege G Brainstem-spinal cord projections in the cat, related to control of head and axial movements. Rev Oculomot Res 1988, 2:431-470.
120. Holstege JC, Van Dijken H, Buijs RM, Goedknegt H, Gosens T, Bongers CM Distribution of dopamine immunoreactivity in the rat, cat and monkey spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1996, 376:631-652.
121. Honda CN Visceral and somatic afferent convergence onto neurons near the central canal in the sacral spinal cord of the cat. J Neurophysiol 1985, 53:1059-1078.
122. Honda CN, Perl ER Functional and morophological features of neurons in the midline region of the caudal spinal cord of the cat. Brain Res 1985, 340:285-295.
123. Hosoya Y, Nadelhaft I, Wang D, Kohno K Thoracolumbar sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the dorsal commissural nucleus of the male rat: an immunohistochemical study using retrograde labeling of cholera toxin subunit B. Exp Brain Res 1994, 98:21-30.
124. Hossaini M, French PJ, Holstege JC Distribution of glycinergic neuronal somata in the rat spinal cord. Brain Res 2007, 1142:61-69.
125. Hökfelt T, Herrera-Marschitz M, Seroogy K, Ju G, Staines WA, Holets V, Schalling M, Ungerstedt U, Post C, Rehfeld JF, et al. Immunohistochemical studies on cholecystokinin (CCK)-immunoreactive neurons in the rat using sequence specific antisera and with special reference to the caudate nucleus and primary sensory neurons. J Chem Neuroanat 1988, 1:11-51.
126. Hunt SP, Kelly JS, Emson PC, Kimmel JR, Miller RJ, Wu JY An immunohistochemical study of neuronal populations containing neuropeptides or gamma-aminobutyrate within the superficial layers of the rat dorsal horn. Neuroscience 1981, 6:1883-1898.
127. Hylden JL, Hayashi H, Dubner R, Bennett GJ Physiology and morphology of the lamina I spinomesencephalic projection. J Comp Neurol 1986, 247:505-515.
128. Ikeda M, Houtani T, Nakagawa H, Baba K, Kondoh A, Ueyama T, Yamamoto T, Gemba H, Sugimoto T Enkephalin-immunoreactive fastigial neurons in the rat cerebellum project to upper cervical cord segments. Brain Res 1995, 690:225-230.
129. Jansen AS, Loewy AD Neurons lying in the white matter of the upper cervical spinal cord project to the intermediolateral cell column. Neuroscience 1997, 77:889-898.
130. Jiang MC, Liu L, Gebhart GF Cellular properties of lateral spinal nucleus neurons in the rat L6-S1 spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 1999, 81:3078-3086.
131. Kajander KC, Giesler GJ Effects of repeated noxious thermal stimuli on the responses of neurons in the lateral cervical nucleus of cats: evidence for an input from A-nociceptors to the spinocervicothalamic pathway. Brain Res 1987, 436:390-395.
132. Kayalioglu G, Hariri NI, Govsa F, Erdem B, Peker G, Maiskii VA Laminar distribution of the cells of origin of the spinocerebral pathways involved in nociceptive transmission and pain modulation in the rat. Neurophysiology 1996, 28:111-118.
133. Kayalioglu G, Robertson B, Kristensson K, Grant G Nitric oxide synthase and interferon-gamma receptor immunoreactivities in relation to ascending spinal pathways to thalamus, hypothalamus, and the periaqueductal gray in the rat. Somatosens Mot Res 1999, 16:280-290.
134. Keay KA, Bandler R Deep and superficial noxious stimulation increases Fos-like immunoreactivity in different regions of the midbrain periaqueductal gray of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1993, 154:23-26.
135. Kemplay SK, Webster KE A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the distributions of cells in the spinal cord and spinomedullary junction projecting to the thalamus of the rat. Neuroscience 1986, 17:769-789.
136. Kevetter GA, Willis WD Collaterals of spinothalamic cells in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1983, 215:453-464.
137. Kitamura T, Yamada J, Sato H, Yamashita K Cells of origin of the spinoparabrachial fibers in the rat: a study with fast blue and WGA-HRP. J Comp Neurol 1993, 328:449-461.
138. Krukoff TL, Ciriello J, Calaresu FR Segmental distribution of peptide-like immunoreactivity in cell bodies of the thoracolumbar sympathetic nuclei of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1985, 240:90-102.
139. Krukoff TL, Ciriello J, Calaresu FR Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in neurons, nerve terminals, and fibers of the cat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1986, 243:13-22.
140. Krutki P, Grottel K, Mrówczyñski W Divergence of lamina VII and VIII neurones of S1 and S2 segments of the cat's spinal cord to the cerebellum and the reticular formation. Acta Neurobiol Exp 1999, 59:81-88.
141. Kumazawa T, Perl ER Excitation of marginal and substantia gelatinosa neurons in the primate spinal cord: indications of their place in dorsal horn functional organization. J Comp Neurol 1978, 177:417-434.
142. Kuo DC, Nadelhaft I, Hisamitsu T, de Groat WC Segmental distribution and central projections of renal afferent fibers in the cat studied by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1983, 216:162-174.
143. LaMotte CC Lamina X of primate spinal cord: distribution of five neuropeptides and serotonin. Neuroscience 1988, 25:639-658.
144. LaMotte CC, de Lanerolle NC VIP terminals, axons, and neurons: distribution throughout the length of monkey and cat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1986, 249:133-145.
145. LaMotte CC, Kapadia SE, Shapiro CM Central projections of the sciatic, saphenous, median, and ulnar nerves of the rat demonstrated by transganglionic transport of choleragenoid-HRP (B-HRP) and wheat germ agglutinin-HRP (WGA-HRP). J Comp Neurol 1991, 311:546-562.
146. de Lanerolle NC, LaMotte CC The human spinal cord: substance P and methionine-enkephalin immunoreactivity. J Neurosci 1982, 2:1369-1386.
147. Laruelle L La structure de la moelle epiniere en coupes longitudinales. Rev Neurol 1937, 44:695-725.
148. Laruelle L Etude d'anatomie microscopique du nevraxe sur coupes longitudinales. Acta Neurol Psychiatr Belg 1948, 48:138-280.
149. Leah J, Menétrey D, de Pommery J Neuropeptides in long ascending spinal tract cells in the rat: evidence for parallel processing of ascending information. Neuroscience 1988, 24:195-207.
150. Lekan HA, Carlton SM Glutamatergic and GABAergic input to rat spinothalamic tract cells in the superficial dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 1995, 361:417-428.
151. Leong SK, Shieh JY, Wong WC Localizing spinal-cord-projecting neurons in adult albino rats. J Comp Neurol 1984, 228:1-17.
152. Light AR The initial processing of pain and its descending control: spinal and trigeminal systems. Pain and Headache 1992, Karger, Basel. P.L. Gildenberg (Ed.).
153. Light AR, Kavookjian AM Morphology and ultrastructure of physiologically identified substantia gelatinosa (lamina II) neurons with axons that terminate in deeper dorsal horn laminae (III-V). J Comp Neurol 1988, 267:172-189.
154. Light AR, Metz CB The morphology of the spinal cord efferent and afferent neurons contributing to the ventral roots of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1978, 179:501-515.
155. Light AR, Perl ER Reexamination of the dorsal root projection to the spinal dorsal horn including observations on the differential termination of coarse and fine fibers. J Comp Neurol 1979, 186:117-131.
156. Light AR, Perl ER Spinal termination of functionally identified primary afferent neurons with slowly conducting myelinated fibers. J Comp Neurol 1979, 186:133-150.
157. Light AR, Willcockson HH Spinal laminae I-II neurons in rat recorded in vivo in whole cell, tight seal configuration: properties and opioid responses. J Neurophysiol 1999, 82:3316-3326.
158. Light AR, Trevino DL, Perl ER Morphological features of functionally defined neurons in the marginal zone and substantia gelatinosa of the spinal dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 1979, 186:151-171.
159. Light AR, Sedivec MJ, Casale EJ, Jones SL Physiological and morphological characteristics of spinal neurons projecting to the parabrachial region of the cat. Somatosens Mot Res 1993, 10:309-325.
160. Lima D, Coimbra A A Golgi study of the neuronal population of the marginal zone (lamina I) of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1986, 244:53-71.
161. Lima D, Coimbra A The spinothalamic system of the rat: structural types of retrogradely labelled neurons in the marginal zone (lamina I). Neuroscience 1988, 27:215-230.
162. Lima D, Coimbra A Morphological types of spinomesencephalic neurons in the marginal zone (lamina I) of the rat spinal cord, as shown after retrograde labelling with cholera toxin subunit B. J Comp Neurol 1989, 279:327-339.
163. Lima D, Coimbra A Structural types of marginal zone (lamina I) neurons projecting to the dorsal reticular nucleus of the medulla oblongata. Neuroscience 1990, 34:591-606.
164. Lima D, Coimbra A Neurons in the substantia gelatinosa rolandi (lamina II) project to the caudal ventrolateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1991, 132:16-18.
165. Lima D, Mendes-Ribeiro JA, Coimbra A The spino-latero-reticular system in the rat: projections from the superficial dorsal horn and structural characterization of marginal neurons involved. Neuroscience 1991, 45:137-152.
166. Lima D, Avelino A, Coimbra A Morphological characterization of marginal (lamina I) neurons immunoreactive for substance P, enkephalin, dynorphin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the rat spinal cord. J Chem Neuroanat 1993, 6:43-52.
167. Liu RP Laminar origins of spinal projection neurons to the periaqueductal gray of the rat. Brain Res 1983, 264:118-122.
168. Loewy AD A study of neuronal types in Clarke's column in the adult cat. J Comp Neurol 1970, 139:53-79.
169. Lü Y, Jin SX, Xu TL, Qin BZ, Li JS, Ding YQ, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N Expression of c-fos protein in substance P receptor-like immunoreactive neurons in response to noxious stimuli on the urinary bladder: an observation in the lumbosacral cord segments of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1995, 198:139-142.
170. Ma W, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, De Koninck Y, Radhakrishnan V, Henry JL, Cuello AC Quantitative analysis of substance P-immunoreactive boutons on physiologically characterized dorsal horn neurons in the cat lumbar spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1996, 376:45-64.
171. Magoul R, Onteniente B, Geffard M, Calas A Anatomical distribution and ultrastructural organization of the GABAergic system in the rat spinal cord. An immunocytochemical study using anti-GABA antibodies. Neuroscience 1987, 20:1001-1009.
172. Maiskii VA, Kayalioglu G, Govsa F, Erdem B, Hariri NI Nitric oxide contributes to the spinal nociceptive processing. Neurophysiology 1998, 30:370-376.
173. Mannen H, Sugiura Y Reconstruction of neurons of dorsal horn proper using Golgi-stained serial sections. J Comp Neurol 1976, 168:303-312.
174. Mason P, Strassman A, Maciewicz R Pontomedullary raphe neurons: monosynaptic excitation from midbrain sites that suppress the jaw opening reflex. Brain Res 1985, 329:384-389.
175. Mather CS, Ho RH Golgi impregnated somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in lamina II of the rat spinal cord. Brain Res Bull 1992, 28:305-309.
176. Matsushita M The axonal pathways of spinal neurones in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1970, 138:391-417.
177. Matsushita M Cerebellar projections of the central cervical nucleus in
178. Matsushita M Ascending propriospinal afferents to area X (substantia grisea centralis) of the spinal cord in the rat. Exp Brain Res 1998, 119:356-366.
179. Matsushita M Projections from the upper lumbar cord to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1999, 412:633-648.
180. Matsushita M, Hosoya Y Cells of origin of the spinocerebellar tract in the rat, studied with the method of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res 1979, 173:185-200.
181. Matsushita M, Ikeda M Spinal projections to the cerebellar nuclei in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1970, 10:501-511.
182. Matsushita M, Tanami T Spinocerebellar projections from the central cervical nucleus in the cat, as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1987, 266:376-397.
183. Matsushita M, Hosoya Y, Ikeda M Anatomical organization of the spinocerebellar system in the cat, as studied by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1979, 184:81-106.
184. Matsushita M, Gao X, Yaginuma H Spinovestibular projections in the rat, with particular reference to projections from the central cervical nucleus to the lateral vestibular nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1995, 361:334-344.
185. Matthews MA, Willis WD, Williams V Dendrite bundles in lamina IX of cat spinal cord: a possible source for electrical interaction between motoneurons?. Anat Rec 1971, 171:313-327.
186. Maxwell DJ Combined light and electron microscopy of Golgi-labelled neurons in lamina III of the feline spinal cord. J Anat 1985, 141:155-169.
187. Maxwell DJ, Fyffe RE, Réthelyi M Morphological properties of physiologically characterized lamina III neurones in the cat spinal cord. Neuroscience 1983, 10:1-22.
188. Mawe GM, Bresnahan JC, Beattie MS Primary afferent projections from dorsal and ventral roots to autonomic preganglionic neurons in the cat sacral spinal cord: light and electron microscopic observations. Brain Res 1984, 290:152-157.
189. McCall RB, Gebber GL, Barman SM Spinal interneurons in the baroreceptor reflex arc. Am J Physiol 1977, 232:H657-665.
190. McMahon SB, Wall PD Descending excitation and inhibition of spinal cord lamina I projection neurons. J Neurophysiol 1988, 59:1204-1219.
191. Melander T, Hökfelt T, Rökaeus Å Distribution of galaninlike immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. J Comp Neurol 1986, 248:475-517.
192. Menétrey D, Basbaum AI Spinal and trigeminal projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract: a possible substrate for somatovisceral and viscerovisceral reflex activation. J Comp Neurol 1987, 255:439-450.
193. Menétrey D, De Pommery J Origins of spinal ascending pathways that reach central areas involved in visceroception and visceronociception in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 1991, 3:249-259.
194. Menétrey D, Giesler GJ, Besson JM An analysis of response properties of spinal cord dorsal horn neurones to nonnoxious and noxious stimuli in the spinal rat. Exp Brain Res 1977, 27:15-33.
195. Menétrey D, Chaouch A, Besson JM Location and properties of dorsal horn neurons at origin of spinoreticular tract in lumbar enlargement of the rat. J Neurophysiol 1980, 44:862-877.
196. Menétrey D, Chaouch A, Binder D, Besson JM The origin of the spinomesencephalic tract in the rat: an anatomical study using the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1982, 206:193-207.
197. Menétrey D, Gannon A, Levine JD, Basbaum AI Expression of c-fos protein in interneurons and projection neurons of the rat spinal cord in response to noxious somatic, articular, and visceral stimulation. J Comp Neurol 1989, 285:177-195.
198. Millan MJ The induction of pain: an integrative review. Prog Neurobiol 1999, 57:1-164.
199. Miller KE, Seybold VS Comparison of met-enkephalin-, dynorphin A-, and neurotensin-immunoreactive neurons in the cat and rat spinal cords: I. Lumbar cord. J Comp Neurol 1987, 255:293-304.
200. Milne RJ, Foreman RD, Willis WD Responses of primate spinothalamic neurons located in the sacral intermediomedial gray (Stilling's nucleus) to proprioceptive input from the tail. Brain Res 1982, 234:227-236.
201. Mizuno N, Nakano K, Imaizumi M, Okamoto M The lateral cervical nucleus of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). J Comp Neurol 1967, 129:375-384.
202. Mokha SS, Goldsmith GE, Hellon RF, Puri R Hypothalamic control of nocireceptive and other neurons in the marginal layer of the dorsal horn of the medulla (trigeminal nucleus caudalis) in the rat. Exp Brain Res 1987, 65:427-436.
203. Molander C, Grant G Spinal cord cytoarchitecture. The Rat Nervous System 2004, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego. 3rd edn. G. Paxinos (Ed.).
204. Molander C, Xu Q, Grant G The cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in the rat. I. The lower thoracic and lumbosacral cord. J Comp Neurol 1984, 230:133-141.
205. Molander C, Xu Q, Rivero-Melian C, Grant G Cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in the rat: II. The cervical and upper thoracic cord. J Comp Neurol 1989, 289:375-385.
206. Molenaar I, Kuypers HG Cells of origin of propriospinal fibers and of fibers ascending to supraspinal levels. A HRP study in cat and rhesus monkey. Brain Res 1978, 152:429-450.
207. Morgan C, deGroat WC, Nadelhaft I The spinal distribution of sympathetic preganglionic and visceral primary afferent neurons that send axons into the hypogastric nerves of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1986, 243:23-40.
208. Morrell JI, Pfaff DW Retrograde HRP identification of neurons in the rhombencephalon and spinal cord of the rat that project to the dorsal mesencephalon. Am J Anat 1983, 167:229-240.
209. Mouton LJ, Holstege G Three times as many lamina I neurons project to the periaqueductal gray than to the thalamus: a retrograde tracing study in the cat. Neurosci Lett 1998, 255:107-110.
210. Mouton LJ, Holstege G Segmental and laminar organization of the spinal neurons projecting to the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in the cat suggests the existence of at least five separate clusters of spino-PAG neurons. J Comp Neurol 2000, 428:389-410.
211. Mouton LJ, Klop EM, Broman J, Zhang M, Holstege G Lateral cervical nucleus projections to periaqueductal gray matter in cat. J Comp Neurol 2004, 471:434-445.
212. Nadelhaft I, Booth AM The location and morphology of preganglionic neurons and the distribution of visceral afferents from the rat pelvic nerve: a horseradish peroxidase study. J Comp Neurol 1984, 226:238-245.
213. Nadelhaft I, McKenna KE Sexual dimorphism in sympathetic preganglionic neurons of the rat hypogastric nerve. J Comp Neurol 1987, 256:308-315.
214. Nagy I, Woolf CJ, Dray A, Urbán L Cobalt accumulation in neurons expressing ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptors in young rat spinal cord: morphology and distribution. J Comp Neurol 1994, 344:321-335.
215. Nagy JI, Hunt SP, Iversen LL, Emson PC Biochemical and anatomical observations on the degeneration of peptide-containing primary afferent neurons after neonatal capsaicin. Neuroscience 1981, 6:1923-1934.
216. Nahin RL Immunocytochemical identification of long ascending peptidergic neurons contributing to the spinoreticular tract in the rat. Neuroscience 1987, 23:859-869.
217. Nahin RL, Micevych PE A long ascending pathway of enkephalin-like immunoreactive spinoreticular neurons in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1986, 65:271-276.
218. Nahin RL, Madsen AM, Giesler GJ Anatomical and physiological studies of the gray matter surrounding the spinal cord central canal. J Comp Neurol 1983, 220:321-335.
219. Naim M, Spike RC, Watt C, Shehab SA, Todd AJ Cells in laminae III and IV of the rat spinal cord that possess the neurokinin-1 receptor and have dorsally directed dendrites receive a major synaptic input from tachykinin-containing primary afferents. J Neurosci 1997, 17:5536-5548.
220. Neuhuber WL, Zenker W Central distribution of cervical primary afferents in the rat, with emphasis on proprioceptive projections to vestibular, perihypoglossal, and upper thoracic spinal nuclei. J Comp Neurol 1989, 280:231-253.
221. Neuhuber WL, Sandoz PA, Fryscak T The central projections of primary afferent neurons of greater splanchnic and intercostal nerves in the rat. A horseradish peroxidase study. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1986, 174:123-144.
222. Nicolopoulos-Stournaras S, Iles JF Motor neuron columns in the lumbar spinal cord of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1983, 217:75-85.
223. Nissen UV, Mochida H, Glover JC Development of projection-specific interneurons and projection neurons in the embryonic mouse and rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 2005, 483:30-47.
224. Nyberg-Hansen R Sites and mode of termination of reticulo-spinal fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods. J Comp Neurol 1965, 124:71-99.
225. Nyberg-Hansen R, Mascitti TA Sites and mode of termination of fibers of the vestibulospinal tract in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods. J Comp Neurol 1964, 122:369-383.
226. Ornung G, Ragnarson B, Grant G, Ottersen OP, Storm-Mathisen J, Ulfhake B Ia boutons to CCN neurones and motoneurones are enriched with glutamate-like immunoreactivity. Neuroreport 1995, 6:1975-1980.
227. Ottersen OP, Storm-Mathisen J Distribution of inhibitory amino acid neurons in the cerebellum with some observations on the spinal cord: An immunocytochemical study with antisera against fixed GABA, glycine, taurine, and alanine. J Mind Behav 1987, 8:503-518.
228. Perl ER Effects of muscle stretch on excitability of contralateral motoneurones. J Physiol 1959, 145:193-203.
229. Perl ER Afferent basis of nociception and pain: evidence from the characteristics of sensory receptors and their projections to the spinal dorsal horn. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis 1980, 58:19-45.
230. Perl ER Pain and nociception. Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Sensory Processes 1984, volume 3. Am Physiol Soc, Bethesda, Section 1. I. Darian-Smith (Ed.).
231. Persson S, Boulland JL, Aspling M, Larsson M, Fremeau RT, Edwards RH, Storm-Mathisen J, Chaudhry FA, Broman J Distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the rat spinal cord, with a note on the spinocervical tract. J Comp Neurol 2006, 497:683-701.
232. Petras JM, Cummings JF Autonomic neurons in the spinal cord of the Rhesus monkey: a correlation of the findings of cytoarchitectonics and sympathectomy with fiber degeneration following dorsal rhizotomy. J Comp Neurol 1972, 146:189-218.
233. Phelps PE, Barber RP, Vaughn JE Generation patterns of four groups of cholinergic neurons in rat cervical spinal cord: a combined tritiated thymidine autoradiographic and choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemical study. J Comp Neurol 1988, 273:459-472.
234. Poljak SI Die Struktureigentümlichkeiten des Rückenmarkes bei den Chiropteren. Z Ges Anat Abt 1, Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch 1924, 74:509-576.
235. Popova LB, Ragnarson B, Orlovsky GN, Grant G Responses of neurons in the central cervical nucleus of the rat to proprioceptive and vestibular inputs. Arch Ital Biol 1995, 133:31-45.
236. Powell JJ, Todd AJ Light and electron microscope study of GABA-immunoreactive neurons in lamina III of rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1992, 315:125-136.
237. Prescott SA, De Koninck Y Four cell types with distinctive membrane properties and morphologies in lamina I of the spinal dorsal horn of the adult rat. J Physiol 2002, 539:817-836.
238. Proudlock F, Spike RC, Todd AJ Immunocytochemical study of somatostatin, neurotensin, GABA and glycine in rat spinal dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 1993, 327:289-297.
239. Ragnarson B, Yi SJ, Ulfhake B, Grant G GABA-, glycine-, and glutamate-immunoreactive bouton profiles in apposition to neurons of the central cervical nucleus in the rat. Anat Rec 2002, 266:226-233.
240. Ramón y Cajal S Histologie du Système Nerveux de l'Homme et des Vertébrés 1909, Maloine, Paris.
241. Ranson SW, Davenport HK, Doles EA Intramedullary course of the dorsal root fibers of the first three cervical nerves. J Comp Neurol 1932, 54:1-12.
242. Ren K, Ruda MA A comparative study of the calcium-binding proteins calbindin-D28K, calretinin, calmodulin and parvalbumin in the rat spinal cord. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 1994, 19:163-179.
243. Réthelyi M Central core in the spinal gray matter. Acta Morphol Acad Sci Hung 1976, 24:63-70.
244. Réthelyi M Preterminal and terminal axon arborizations in the substantia gelatinosa of cat's spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1977, 172:511-521.
245. Réthelyi M Neurons of the lateral spinal nucleus in the rat spinal cord - A Golgi study. Eur J Anat 2003, 7:1-8.
246. Réthelyi M, Light AR, Perl ER Synaptic ultrastructure of functionally and morphologically characterized neurons of the superficial spinal dorsal horn of cat. J Neurosci 1989, 9:1846-1863.
247. Reuss MH, Reuss S Nitric oxide synthase neurons in the rodent spinal cord: distribution, relation to Substance P fibers, and effects of dorsal rhizotomy. J Chem Neuroanat 2001, 21:181-196.
248. Réthelyi M, Szentágothai J The large synaptic complexes of the substantia gelatinosa. Exp Brain Res 1969, 7:258-274.
249. Rexed B A cytoarchitectonic atlas of the spinal cord in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1954, 100:297-379.
250. Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Cuello AC Choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive profiles are presynaptic to primary sensory fibers in the rat superficial dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 1990, 295:370-384.
251. Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Pioro EP, Cuello AC Substance P- and enkephalin-like immunoreactivities are colocalized in certain neurons of the substantia gelatinosa of the rat spinal cord: an ultrastructural double-labeling study. J Neurosci 1991, 11:1068-1080.
252. Ritz LA, Greenspan JD Morphological features of lamina V neurons receiving nociceptive input in cat sacrocaudal spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1985, 238:440-452.
253. Rivero-Melián C Organization of hindlimb nerve projections to the rat spinal cord: a choleragenoid horseradish peroxidase study. J Comp Neurol 1996, 364:651-663.
254. Rivero-Melián C, Arvidsson J Brain stem projections of rat lumbar dorsal root ganglia studied with choleragenoid conjugated horseradish peroxidase. Exp Brain Res 1992, 91:12-20.
255. Rivero-Melián C, Grant G Distribution of lumbar dorsal root fibers in the lower thoracic and lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat studied with choleragenoid horseradish peroxidase conjugate. J Comp Neurol 1990, 299:470-481.
256. Rolando L Ricerche Anatomiche sulla Struttura del Midollo Spinale 1824, Staperia Reale, Torino.
257. Romagnano MA, Braiman J, Loomis M, Hamill RW Enkephalin fibers in autonomic nuclear regions: intraspinal vs. supraspinal origin. J Comp Neurol 1987, 266:319-331.
258. Routal RV, Pal GP A study of motoneuron groups and motor columns in the human spinal cord. J Anat 1999, 195:211-224.
259. Rowan S, Todd AJ, Spike RC Evidence that neuropeptide Y is present in GABAergic neurons in the superficial dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. Neuroscience 1993, 53:537-545.
260. Rökaeus A, Melander T, Hökfelt T, Lundberg JM, Tatemoto K, Carlquist M, Mutt V A galanin-like peptide in the central nervous system and intestine of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1984, 47:161-166.
261. Rössler W, Gerstberger R, Sann H, Pierau FK Distribution and binding sites of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide and their capsaicin-sensitivity in the spinal cord of rats and chicken: a comparative study. Neuropeptides 1993, 25:241-253.
262. Ruda MA, Coffield J, Steinbusch HW Immunocytochemical analysis of serotonergic axons in laminae I and II of the lumbar spinal cord of the cat. J Neurosci 1982, 2:1660-1671.
263. Saito S, Kidd GJ, Trapp BD, Dawson TM, Bredt DS, Wilson DA, Trytsman RJ, Snyder SH, Hanley DF Rat spinal cord neurons nittain nitric oxide synthase. Neuroscience 1994, 59:447-456.
264. Satoh K, Armstrong DM, Fibiger HC A comparison of the distribution of central cholinergic neurons as demonstrated by acetylcholinesterase pharmacohistochemistry and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. Brain Res Bull 1983, 11:693-720.
265. Schäfer MK, Eiden LE, Weihe E Cholinergic neurons and terminal fields revealed by immunohistochemistry for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter. I. Central nervous system. Neuroscience 1998, 84:331-359.
266. Scheibel ME, Scheibel AB Terminal patterns in cat spinal cord. 3. Primary afferent collaterals. Brain Res 1969, 13:417-443.
267. Scheibel ME, Scheibel AB Developmental relationship between spinal motoneuron dendrite bundles and patterned activity in the hind limb of cats. Exp Neurol 1970, 29:328-335.
268. Scheibel ME, Scheibel AB Dendrite bundles as sites for central programs: an hypothesis. Int J Neurosci 1973, 6:195-202.
269. Schoenen J The dendritic organization of the human spinal cord: the dorsal horn. Neuroscience 1982, 7:2057-2087.
270. Schoenen J Dendritic organization of the human spinal cord: the motoneurons. J Comp Neurol 1982, 211:226-247.
271. Schoenen J, Faull RLM Spinal cord: Cyto- and Chemoarchitecture. The Human Nervous System 2004, 190-232. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego. 2nd ed. G. Paxinos, J.K. Mai (Eds.).
272. Schoenen J, Lotstra F, Vierendeels G, Reznik M, Vanderhaeghen JJ Substance P, enkephalins, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, oxytocin, and vasopressin in human spinal cord. Neurology 1985, 35:881-890.
273. Senba E, Yanaihara C, Yanaihara N, Tohyama M Co-localization of substance P and Met-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 in the intraspinal neurons of the rat, with special reference to the neurons in the substantia gelatinosa. Brain Res 1988, 453:110-116.
274. Seybold VS, Elde RP Neurotensin immunoreactivity in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the rat. I. Light microscopic studies of cell bodies and proximal dendrites. J Comp Neurol 1982, 205:89-100.
275. Sidman RL, Angevine JB, Pierce ET Atlas of the Mouse Brain and Spinal Cord 1971, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
276. Skinner RD, Remmel RS Monosynaptic inputs to lumbar interneurons from the lateral vestibulospinal tract and the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Neurosci Lett 1978, 10:259-264.
277. Snyder RL, Faull RL, Mehler WR A comparative study of the neurons of origin of the spinocerebellar afferents in the rat, cat and squirrel monkey based on the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1978, 181:833-852.
278. Spike RC, Todd AJ Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study of lamina II islet cells in rat spinal dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 1992, 323:359-369.
279. Spike RC, Todd AJ, Johnston HM Coexistence of NADPH diaphorase with GABA, glycine, and acetylcholine in rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1993, 335:320-333.
280. Spike RC, Watt C, Zafra F, Todd AJ An ultrastructural study of the glycine transporter GLYT2 and its association with glycine in the superficial laminae of the rat spinal dorsal horn. Neuroscience 1997, 77:543-551.
281. Standaert DG, Saper CB, Rye DB, Wainer BH Colocalization of atriopeptin-like immunoreactivity with choline acetyltransferase- and substance P-like immunoreactivity in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei in the rat. Brain Res 1986, 382:163-168.
282. Stokke MF, Nissen UV, Glover JC, Kiehn O Projection patterns of commissural interneurons in the lumbar spinal cord of the neonatal rat. J Comp Neurol 2002, 446:349-359.
283. Sugiura Y, Lee CL, Perl ER Central projections of identified, unmyelinated (C) afferent fibers innervating mammalian skin. Science 1986, 234:358-361.
284. Surmeier DJ, Honda CN, Willis WD Natural groupings of primate spinothalamic neurons based on cutaneous stimulation. Physiological and anatomical features. J Neurophysiol 1988, 59:833-860.
285. Swanson LW, McKellar S The distribution of oxytocin-and neurophysin-stained fibers in the spinal cord of the rat and monkey. J Comp Neurol 1979, 188:87-106.
286. Swett JE, Woolf CJ The somatotopic organization of primary afferent terminals in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1985, 231:66-77.
287. Szentágothai J Neuronal and synaptic arrangement in the substantia gelatinosa Rolandi. J Comp Neurol 1964, 122:219-239.
288. Szentágothai J, Réthelyi M Cyto- and neuropil architecture of the spinal cord. New developments in electromyography and clinical neurophysiology 1973, Vol. 1. Karger, Basel,. J.E. Desmedt (Ed.).
289. Takahashi Y, Chiba T, Sameda H, Ohtori S, Kurokawa M, Moriya H Organization of cutaneous ventrodorsal and rostrocaudal axial lines in the rat hindlimb and trunk in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 2002, 445:133-144.
290. Tan H, He J, Wang S, Hirata K, Yang Z, Kuraoka A, Kawabuchi M Age-related NADPH-diaphorase positive bodies in the lumbosacral spinal cord of aged rats. Arch Histol Cytol 2006, 69:297-310.
291. Tang H, Hammond P, Brimijoin S Acetylcholinesterase immunolesioning: regional vulnerability of preganglionic sympathetic neurons in rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 1998, 152:167-176.
292. Thomson DB, Isu N, Wilson VJ Responses of neurons of the cat central cervical nucleus to natural neck and vestibular stimulation. J Neurophysiol 1996, 76:2786-2789.
293. Todd AJ Cells in lamina III and IV of rat spinal dorsal horn receive monosynaptic primary afferent input in lamina II. J Comp Neurol 1989, 289:676-686.
294. Todd AJ Immunohistochemical evidence that acetylcholine and glycine exist in different populations of GABAergic neurons in lamina III of rat spinal dorsal horn. Neuroscience 1991, 44:741-746.
295. Todd AJ, Lewis SG The morphology of Golgi-stained neurons in lamina II of the rat spinal cord. J Anat 1986, 149:113-119.
296. Todd AJ, McKenzie J GABA-immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. Neuroscience 1989, 31:799-806.
297. Todd AJ, Spike RC Co-localization of Met-enkephalin and somatostatin in the spinal cord of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1992, 145:71-74.
298. Todd AJ, Spike RC The localization of classical transmitters and neuropeptides within neurons in laminae I-III of the mammalian spinal dorsal horn. Prog Neurobiol 1993, 41:609-645.
299. Todd AJ, Sullivan AC Light microscope study of the coexistence of GABA-like and glycine-like immunoreactivities in the spinal cord of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990, 296:496-550.
300. Todd AJ, Russell G, Spike RC Immunocytochemical evidence that GABA and neurotensin exist in different neurons in laminae II and III of rat spinal dorsal horn. Neuroscience 1992, 47:685-691.
301. Todd AJ, McGill MM, Shehab SA Neurokinin 1 receptor expression by neurons in laminae I, III and IV of the rat spinal dorsal horn that project to the brainstem. Eur J Neurosci 2000, 12:689-700.
302. Torvik A Afferent connections to the sensory trigeminal nuclei, the nucleus of the solitary tract and adjacent structures. An experimental study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1956, 106:51-142.
303. Truex RC, Taylor MJ, Smythe MQ, Gildenberg PL The lateral cervical nucleus of cat, dog and man. J Comp Neurol 1970, 139:93-104.
304. Ulfhake B, Arvidsson U, Cullheim S, Hökfelt T, Brodin E, Verhofstad A, Visser T An ultrastructural study of 5-hydroxytryptamine-, thyrotropin-releasing hormone-and substance P-immunoreactive axonal boutons in the motor nucleus of spinal cord segments L7-S1 in the adult cat. Neuroscience 1987, 23:917-929.
305. Valtschanoff JG, Weinberg RJ, Rustioni A Amino acid immunoreactivity in corticospinal terminals. Exp Brain Res 1993, 93:95-103.
306. Valtschanoff JG, Weinberg RJ, Rustioni A, Schmidt HH Nitric oxide synthase and GABA colocalize in lamina II of rat spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 1992, 148:6-10.
307. Van den Pol AN, Gorcs T Glycine and glycine receptor immunoreactivity in brain and spinal cord. J Neurosci 1988, 8:472-492.
308. Vanderhorst VG, Mouton LJ, Blok BF, Holstege G Distinct cell groups in the lumbosacral cord of the cat project to different areas in the periaqueductal gray. J Comp Neurol 1996, 376:361-385.
309. Verburgh CA, Voogd J, Kuypers HG, Stevens HP Propriospinal neurons with ascending collaterals to the dorsal medulla, the thalamus and the tectum: a retrograde fluorescent double-labeling study of the cervical cord of the rat. Exp Brain Res 1990, 80:577-590.
310. Villanueva L, de Pommery J, Menétrey D, Le Bars D Spinal afferent projections to subnucleus reticularis dorsalis in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1991, 134:98-102.
311. Vizzard MA, Erdman SL, de Groat WC Localization of NADPH-diaphorase in pelvic afferent and efferent pathways of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1993, 152:72-76.
312. Vizzard MA, Erdman SL, Erickson VL, Stewart RJ, Roppolo JR, De Groat WC Localization of NADPH diaphorase in the lumbosacral spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia of the cat. J Comp Neurol 1994, 339:62-75.
313. Waldron HA, Gwyn DG Descending nerve tracts in the spinal cord of the rat. I. Fibers from the midbrain. J Comp Neurol 1969, 137:143-153.
314. Wang CC, Willis WD, Westlund KN Ascending projections from the area around the spinal cord central canal: A Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study in rats. J Comp Neurol 1999, 415:341-367.
315. Weihe E Neurochemical anatomy of the mammalian spinal cord: functional implications. Ann Anat 1992, 174:89-118.
316. Westman J Light and electron microscopical studies of the substance P innervation of the dorsal column nuclei and the lateral cervical nucleus in the primate. Ups J Med Sci 1989, 94:123-128.
317. Wiberg M, Blomqvist A The spinomesencephalic tract in the cat: its cells of origin and termination pattern as demonstrated by the intraaxonal transport method. Brain Res 1984, 291:1-18.
318. Wiksten B The central cervical nucleus in the cat. I. A Golgi study. Exp Brain Res 1979, 36:143-154.
319. Wiksten B The central cervical nucleus in the cat. III. The cerebellar connections studied with anterograde transport of 3H-leucine. Exp Brain Res 1979, 36:175-189.
320. Willis WD The Pain System. The Neural Basis of Nociceptive Transmission in the Mammalian Nervous System 1985, Karger, Basel.
321. Willis WD, Coggeshall RE Sensory Mechanisms of the Spinal Cord 1991, Plenum Press, New York. 2nd edn.
322. Willis WD, Trevino DL, Coulter JD, Maunz RA Responses of primate spinothalamic tract neurons to natural stimulation of hindlimb. J Neurophysiol 1974, 37:358-372.
323. Willis WD, Kenshalo DR, Leonard RB The cells of origin of the primate spinothalamic tract. J Comp Neurol 1979, 188:543-573.
324. Woodbury CJ, Koerber HR Widespread projections from myelinated nociceptors throughout the substantia gelatinosa provide novel insights into neonatal hypersensitivity. J Neurosci 2003, 23:601-610.
325. Woodbury CJ, Ritter AM, Koerber HR On the problem of lamination in the superficial dorsal horn of mammals: a reappraisal of the substantia gelatinosa in postnatal life. J Comp Neurol 2000, 417:88-102.
326. Woolf CJ, Fitzgerald M The properties of neurones recorded in the superficial dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1983, 221:313-328.
327. Xiong G, Matsushita M Ipsilateral and contralateral projections from upper cervical segments to the vestibular nuclei in the rat. Exp Brain Res 2001, 141:204-217.
328. Xu TL, Li JS, Akaike N Functional properties of ionotropic glutamate receptor channels in rat sacral dorsal commissural neurons. Neuropharmacology 1999, 38:659-670.
329. Yamada T, Placzek M, Tanaka H, Dodd J, Jessell TM Control of cell pattern in the developing nervous system: polarizing activity of the floor plate and notochord. Cell 1991, 64:635-647.
330. Yashpal K, Dam TV, Quirion R Quantitative autoradiographic distribution of multiple neurokinin binding sites in rat spinal cord. Brain Res 1990, 506:259-266.
331. Zemlan FP, Kow LM, Morrell JI, Pfaff DW Descending tracts of the lateral columns of the rat spinal cord: a study using the horseradish peroxidase and silver impregnation techniques. J Anat 1979, 128:489-512.
332. Zhang ET, Craig AD Morphology and distribution of spinothalamic lamina I neurons in the monkey. J Neurosci 1997, 17:3274-3284.
333. Zhang ET, Han ZS, Craig AD Morphological classes of spinothalamic lamina I neurons in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1996, 367:537-549.
334. Zhang X, Ji RR, Nilsson S, Villar M, Ubink R, Ju G, Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z, Hökfelt T Neuropeptide Y and galanin binding sites in rat and monkey lumbar dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord and effect of peripheral axotomy. Eur J Neurosci 1995, 7:367-380.