Slum Tourism: Representing and Interpreting 'Reality' in Dharavi, Mumbai

Tourism Geographies

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 254-274

  Dyson, Peter ^a  

^a EMMANUEL COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Dharavi; India; Mumbai; poorism; poverty tourism; reality; slum tourism; slumming

Indexed keywords

LOW INCOME POPULATION; POVERTY; TOURISM; TOURISM DEVELOPMENT; TOURIST DESTINATION;

DHARAVI; INDIA; MAHARASHTRA; MUMBAI;

EID: 84859770671     PISSN: 14616688     EISSN: 14701340     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2011.609900     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Appadurai, A. 2000. Spectral housing and urban cleansing: Notes on Millennial Mumbai. Public Culture, 12(3): 627-651.
2. Apte, P. 2009. Dharavi: India's Model Slum. Planetizen: Urban Planning, Design and Development Network, Available at http://www.planetizen.com/node/35269 (accessed January 2011)
3. Blakely, R. 2009. Slum tours get Slumdog Millionaire boost. The Times, January 21. Available at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article5555635.ece (accessed January 2011)
4. Booth, R. 2009. Charles declares Mumbai shanty town model for the world. The Guardian, February 6. Available at www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2009/feb/06/prince-charles-slum-comments (accessed January 2011)
5. Bruner, E. 1991. Transformation of the self in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 18: 238-250.
6. Bruner, E. 2001. The Maasai and the Lion King: Authenticity, nationalism, and globalization in African tourism. American Ethnologist, 28(4): 881-908.
7. Bruner, E. 2004. Culture on Tour: Ethnographies of Travel, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
8. Butler, S. The Museum, the Tour, the Senses. Paper presented at the CONSERT Meeting. November13. Available at www.david-howes.com/WebButlerMuseum-Tour-Senses.doc (accessed January 2011)
9. Camm, R. 2009. "Performance within the Townships: An investigation into township tourism in Cape Town, South Africa". BA Hons dissertation, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge.
10. Chambers, R. 1997. Whose Reality Counts?, London: ITDG.
11. Cohen, E. 1988. Authenticity and commoditization in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 15: 371-386.
12. Cohen, E. 1989. Primitive and remote hill tribe trekking in Thailand. Annals of Tourism Research, 16: 30-61.
13. Conran, M. 2006. Beyond authenticity: Exploring intimacy in the touristic encounter in Thailand. Tourism Geographies, 8(3): 274-285.
14. Crick, M. 1989. Representations of international tourism in the social sciences: sun, sex, sights, savings and servility. Annual Review of Anthropology, 18: 307-344.
15. Dann, G. 2002. The Tourist as a Metaphor of the Social World, London: CABI Publishing.
16. Davis, M. 2006. Planet of Slums, London: Verso.
17. Doxy, G. 1975. "A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants: methodology and research inferences". In (2008) Tourism and Sustainability: Development, Globalisation and New Tourism in the Third World, Edited by: Mowforth, M. and Munt, I. 265-267. London: Routledge.
18. Dwek, D. 2004. "Favela Tourism: innocent fascination or inevitable exploitation?". MA: Dissertation, King's College London.
19. Elliot, T. S. 1945. Four Quartets, London: Mariner Books.
20. Engqvist, J. and Lantz, M. 2008. Dharavi: Documenting Informalities, Sweden: Fälth & Hässler, Värnamo.
21. Engstrom, T. and Selinger, E. 2009. Rethinking Theories and Practices of Imaging, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
22. Fennell, D. 2011. Ethics: We're stuck with it (in tourism)... whether we like it or not!. Journal of Tourism Geographies, Plenary session transcript available at http://www.tandfonline.com/sda/1256/audioclip-transcript-rtxg.pdf (accessed January 2011)
23. Freire-Medeiros, B. 2008. Selling the favela: thoughts and polemics about a tourist destination. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 4: 1-26.
24. Freire-Medeiros, B. 2009. The favela and its touristic transits. Geoforum, 40: 580-588.
25. Gilbert, A. 2007. The return of the slum: does language matter?. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 31(4): 697-713.
26. Gillespie, A. 2006. Tourist photography and the reverse gaze. American Anthropological Association, Ethos, 34(3): 343-366.
27. Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, New York: Anchor Books.
28. Heap, C. 2009. Slumming: Sexual and Racial Encounters in American Nightlife, 1885-1940, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
29. Hutnyk, J. 1996. The Rumour of Calcutta: Tourism, Charity and the Poverty of Representation (London: Zed Books)
30. Iyer, L., Macomber, J. and Namrata, A. 2009. "Dharavi: Developing Asia Largest Slum (Harvard Business School: India Research Centre)". Available at http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6399.html (accessed January 2011)
31. Jaguaribe, B. and Hetherington, K. 2004. "Favela tours: indistinct and maples representations of the real in Rio de Janeiro". In Tourism Mobilities: Places to Play, Places in Play, Edited by: Sheller, M. and Urry, J. 155-165. New York: Routledge.
32. Koven, S. 2004. Slumming: Sexual and Social Politics in Victorian London, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
33. Kumar Karn, S. and Harada, H. 2002. Field survey on water supply, sanitation and associated health impacts in urban poor communities-a case from Mumbai City, India. Water Science and Technology, 46(11): 269-275.
34. Lancaster, J. 2007. Next stop, squalor. Smithsonian Magazine, March. Available at http://www.smithsonianmag.com/people-places/squalor.html (accessed January 2011)
35. Lew, A. 2008. Long tail tourism: new geographies for marketing niche tourism products. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 25: 409-419.
36. Lumenick, L. 2008. Slumderful. The New York Post, November 14. Available at http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/movies/item_m6hZxlflQZ9pCLxqta5a1J;jsessionid=FDEF6073A569D66045463398020F1930 (accessed January 2011)
37. MacCannell, D. 1973. Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist settings. American Journal of Sociology, 79(3): 589-603.
38. MacCannell, D. 2001. Tourist agency. Tourist Studies, 1(1): 23-37.
39. Miles, A. 2009. Shocked by Slumdog's poverty porn. The Times, January 14. Available at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article5511650.ece (accessed January 2011)
40. Mowforth, M. and Munt, I. 2008. Tourism and Sustainability: Development, Globalisation and New Tourism in the Third World, London: Routledge.
41. Nemasetoni, I. and Rogerson, C. 2007. "Township tourism in Africa: Emerging tour operators in Gauteng, South Africa". In Urban Tourism in the Developing world: the South African Experience, Edited by: Rogerson, C. and Visser, G. 205-222. New Jersey: Transaction.
42. Nijman, J. 2009. A study of space in Mumbai's slums. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 101(1): 4-17.
43. Patel, S. and Jockin, A. 2007. An offer of partnership or a promise of conflict in Dharavi, Mumbai?. Environment and Urbanization, 19: 501-510.
44. Ramchander, P. 2007. Township tourism: blessing or blight? The case of Soweto in South Africa. In G. Richards (ed.) Cultural Tourism: Global and Local Perspectives, pp. 39-67. New York: Haworth Press
45. Richardson, N. 2009. Slumdog Millionaire: on the trail of Mumbai's slumdogs. The Telegraph, January 22
46. Roberts, G. 2003. Shantaram, Australia: Picador.
47. Rolfes, M., Steinbrink, M. and Uhl, C. 2009. Townships as Attraction: An Empirical Study of Township Tourism in Cape Town, Potsdam: University of Potsdam.
48. Selinger, E. and Outterson, K. 2009. The Ethics of Poverty Tourism Boston University School of Law Working Paper, No. 09-29. Available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1413149 (accessed January 2011)
49. Sharma, K. 2000. Rediscovering Dharavi: Stories from Asia's Largest Slum, New Delhi: Penguin.
50. Times Now. (2006) Slum Tourism: Selling Poverty Times Now, August 26
51. UN Habitat. 2003. The Challenge of Slums: Global Report on Human Settlements, Sterling, VA: Earthscan.
52. Urry, J. 1990. The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies, London: Sage.
53. Weiner, E. 2008. Slum Visits: Tourism or Voyeurism? New York Times, March. Available at http://travel.nytimes.com/2008/03/09/travel/09heads.html?pagewanted=all (accessed January 2011)
54. Williams, C. 2008. Ghettourism and voyeurism, or challenging stereotypes and raising consciousness? Literary and non-literary forays into the favelas of Rio de Janeiro. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 27(4): 483-500.
55. World Bank and Sanitation Program. 2006. "The Mumbai Slum Sanitation Program: Partnering with slum communities for sustainable sanitation in a Megalopolis". Available at http://www.archidev.org/article.php3?id_article=392 (accessed January 2011)
56. Young, Sir G. 1973. Tourism: Blessing or Blight?, Harmondsworth: Penguin.