Preparation of nickel modified carbon fibre electrodes and their application for methanol oxidation

Open Fuels and Energy Science Journal

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 9-20

  Risbud, M S ^a   Baxter, S ^a   Skyllas Kazacos, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Alkaline media; Graphite fibre; Ion exchange; Methanol oxidation; Nickel; Surface modification

Indexed keywords

ALKALINE MEDIA; ALKALINE MEDIUM; ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; LINEAR POTENTIAL SWEEP; METHANOL CONCENTRATION; METHANOL OXIDATION; MODIFIED CARBON; MODIFIED ELECTRODES; PARTIAL REDUCTION; POISONING EFFECTS; POLYCRYSTALLINE NICKELS;

CATALYST ACTIVITY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; GRAPHITE FIBERS; ION EXCHANGE; NICKEL; SURFACE TREATMENT;

METHANOL;

EID: 84859508476     PISSN: 1876973X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1876973X01205010009     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Mueller, J.T.; Urban, P.M. Characterization of direct methanol fuel cells by ac impedance spectroscopy. J. Power Sources, 1998, 75(1),139-143.
2. Peled, E.; Duvdevani, T.; Aharon, A.; Melman, A. A direct methanol fuel cell based on a novel low-cost nanoporous proton conducting membrane. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 2000, 3(12), 525-528.
3. Thomas, S.C.; Ren, X.; Gottesfeld, S. Influence of ionomer content in catalyst layers on direct methanol fuel cell performance. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1999, 146(12), 4354-4359.
4. Iyuke, S.E.; Mohamad, A.B.; Kadhum, A.A.H.; Daud, W.R.W.; Rachid, C. Improved membrane and electrode assemblies for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J. Power Sources, 2003, 114(2), 195-202.
5. Sarma, L.S.; Lin, T.D.; Tsai, Y.-W.; Chen, J.M.; Hwang, B.J. Carbon supported Pt-Ru catalysts prepared by the Nafion stabilized alcohol-reduction method for application in direct methanol fuel cells. J. Power Sources, 2005, 139(1-2), 44-54.
6. Arico, A.S.; Creti, P.; Kim, H.; Mantegna, R.; Giordano, N.; Antonucci V. Analysis of electrochemical characteristics of a direct methanol fuel cell based on a Pt-Ru/C anode catalyst. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1996, 143(12), 3950-3959.
7. Iwasita, T. Electrocatalysis of methanol oxidation. Electrochim. Acta., 2002, 47(22-23), 3663-3674.
8. Fujimoto, C.H.; Hickner, M.A.; Cornelius, C.J.; Loy, D.A. Ionomeric poly(phenylene) prepared by Diels-Alder polymerization: Synthesis and physical properties of a novel polyelectrolyte. Macromolecules, 2005, 38(12), 5010-5016.
9. Spendelow, J.S.; Wieckowski, A. Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction and small alcohol oxidation in alkaline media. Phy. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007, 9(21), 2654-2675.
10. Tripkovic, A.V.; Popovic, K.D.; Grgur, B.N.; Blizanac, B.; Ross, P.N.; Markovic, N.M. Methanol electrooxidation on supported Pt and PtRu catalysts in acid and alkaline solutions. Electrochim. Acta., 2002, 47(22-23), 3707-3714.
11. Spendelow, J.S.; Lu, G.Q.; Kenis, P.J.A.; Wieckowski, A. Electrooxidation of adsorbed CO on Pt(1 1 1) and Pt(1 1 1)/Ru in alkaline media and comparison with results from acidic media. J. Electroanal. Chem., 2004, 568, 215-224.
12. Cohen, J.L.; Volpe, D.J.; Abruna, H.D. Electrochemical determination of activation energies for methanol oxidation on polycrystalline platinum in acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Phy. Chem. Chem. Phy., 2007, 9(1), 49-77.
13. Wang Z.B., Yin G.P., Zhang J., Sun Y.C., Shi P.F. Co-catalytic effect of Ni in the methanol electro-oxidation on Pt-Ru/C catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell. Electrochim. Acta., 2006, 51(26), 5691-5697.
14. Hogarth, M.P.; Ralph, T.R. Catalysis for low temperature fuel cells Part III: Challenges for the direct methanol fuel cell. Platinum Metals Rev., 2002, 46(4), 146-164.
15. Watanabe, M.; Genjima, Y.; Turumi, K. Direct methanol oxidation of Platinum electrodes with Ruthenium adatoms in hot phosphoric acid. J. Electrochem. Soc., 1997, 144(2), 423-428.
16. Fleischmann, M.; Korinek, K.; Pletcher, D. The kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of amines and alcohols at oxide-covered nickel, silver, copper and cobalt electrodes. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans., 1972, 2(10), 1396-1403.
17. Fleischmann, M.; Korinek, K.; Pletcher, D. The oxidation of organic compounds at a nickel anode in alkaline solution. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1971, 31(1), 39-49.
18. Vertes, G.; Horanyi, G. Some problems of the kinetics of the oxidation of organic compounds at oxide-covered nickel electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1974, 52(1), 47-53.
19. Robertson, P.M. On the oxidation of alcohols and amines at nickel oxide electrodes: mechanistic aspects. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1980, 111(1), 97-104.
20. Roslonek, G.; Taraszewska, J. Electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols on glassy carbon electrode electrochemically modified with nickel tetraazamacrocyclic complexes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1992, 325(1-2), 285-300.
21. Taraszewska, J.; Roslonek, G. Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on a glassy carbon electrode modified by nickel hydroxide formed by ex situ chemical precipitation. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1994, 364(1-2), 209-213.
22. Losada, J.; del Peso, I.; Beyer, L. Redox and electrocatalytic properties of electrodes modified by films of polypyrrole nickel(II) Schiff-base complexes. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1998, 447(1-2), 147-154.
23. Ciszewski, A. Catalytic oxidation of methanol on a glassy carbon electrode electrochemically modified by a conductive Ni(II)-curcumin film. Electroanalysis, 1995, 7(12), 1132-1135.
24. Abdel Rahim, M.A.; Abdel Hameed, R.M.; Khalil, M.W. Nickel as a catalyst for the electro-oxidation of methanol in alkaline medium. J. Power Sources, 2004, 134(2),160-169.
25. Watkins, B. F.; Behling, J. R.; Kariv, E.; Miller, L. L. Chiral electrode. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1975, 97(12), 3549-3550.
26. Firth, B. E.; Miller, L. L.; Mitani, M.; Rogers, T.; Lennox, J.; Murray, R. W.; Anodic and cathodic reactions on a chemically modified edge surface of graphite. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98(25), 8271-8272.
27. Lennox, J. C.; Murray, R. W. Chemically modified electrodes: VI. Binding and reversible electrochemistry of tetra-(aminophenyl) porphyrin on glassy carbon. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1977, 78(2), 395-401.
28. Moses, P. R.; Wier, L.; Murray, R. W. Chemically modified tin oxide electrode. Anal. Chem., 1975, 47(12), 1882-1886.
29. Armstrong, N. R.; Lin, A. W. C.; Fujihira, M.; Kuwana, T. Electrochemical and surface characteristics of tin oxide and indium oxide electrodes. Anal. Chem., 1976, 48(4), 741-750.
30. Elliott C. M., Murray R. W. Chemically modified carbon electrodes. Anal. Chem., 1976, 48(8), 1247-1254.
31. Puri B. R. Chemistry and Physics of Carbon; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1970, p. 191.
32. Panzer, R. E.; Elving, P. J. Nature of the surface compounds and reactions observed on graphite electrodes. Electrochim. Acta., 1975, 20(9), 635-647.
33. Randin J. P. In: Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements; Bard, A. J., Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1976, p. 22.
34. Boehm, H. P.; Diehl, E.; Heck, W.; Sappok, R. Surface oxides of carbon. Angew. Chem., 1964, 3(10), 669-677.
35. Boehm, H. P. Chemical identification of surface groups. Adv. Cat., 1966, 16, 179-274.
36. Barton, S. S.; Harrison, B. H. Acidic surface oxide structures on carbon and graphite. Carbon, 1975, 13(4), 283-288.
37. Theodoridou, E.; Besenhard, J.O.; Fritz, H. P. Chemically modified carbon fibre electrodes: Part II. Characterization of trimethylsilanized carbon fibres by reduction of adsorbed o-nitrophenol. J. Electroanal. Chem., 1981, 124(1-2), 87-94.
38. Theodoridou, E.; Jannakoudakis, A. D.; Jannakoudakis, D. Electrodeposition of metals after cation-exchange on modified carbon fibre electrodes. Synth. Met., 1984, 9(1), 19-30.
39. Jannakoudakis, A. D.; Theodoridou, E.; Jannakoudakis, D. Electrochemical behaviour of platinized carbon fibre electrodes. Synth. Met., 1984, 10(2), 131-140.
40. Sun, B.; Skyllas-Kazacos, M. Chemical modification and electrochemical behaviour of graphite fibre in acidic vanadium solution. Electrochim. Acta., 1991, 36(3-4), 513-517.
41. Weinberg, N.L.; Reddy, T.B. Electrochemical oxidation of the surface of graphite fibres. J. Appl. Electrochem., 1973, 3(1), 73-75.
42. Maximovitch, S.; Bronoel, G. Oxidation of methanol on nickel-zinc catalysts. Electrochim. Acta., 1981, 26(9), 1331-1338.
43. NIST. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, Version 3.5; National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, 2003. Available at: http://srdata.nist.gov/xps/