Attachment security and HPA axis reactivity to positive and challenging emotional situations in child-mother dyads in naturalistic settings

Developmental Psychobiology

Volumn 54, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 401-411

  Roque, Lisa ^a   Veríssimo, Manuela ^a   Oliveira, Tania F ^a,b   Oliveira, Rui F ^a,c  

^a INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE PSICOLOGIA APLICADA   (Portugal)

^b HOSPITAL DE SANTA MARIA   (Portugal)

^c INSTITUTO GULBENKIAN DE CIÊNCIA   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Attachment; Challenging and positive contexts; Child mother dyads; HPA axis

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; EMOTION; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPOPHYSIS ADRENAL SYSTEM; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS SYSTEM; INFANT; MALE; MOTHER CHILD RELATION; OBJECT RELATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SALIVA;

ADULT; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; EMOTIONS; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM; INFANT; MALE; MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PITUITARY-ADRENAL SYSTEM; SALIVA;

EID: 84859426984     PISSN: 00121630     EISSN: 10982302     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dev.20598     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
2. Bost, K. (2006). Attachment: AQS Methodology. Workshop presented at the Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, Portugal.
3. Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 2 Separation, anxiety, and anger. New York: Basic Books.
4. Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss. Loss: Sadness and depression (Vol. 3). New York: Basic.
5. Buss K. A., & Goldsmith, H. H. (1998). Fear and anger regulation in infancy: Effects on the temporal dynamics of affective expression. Child Development, 69, 359-374.
6. Calkins, S.D. (1994). Origins and outcomes of individual differences in emotion regulation. In: N. Fox (Ed.), The development of emotion regulation: Biological and behavioral considerations (pp. 53-69). Monographs of the Society for Research on Child Development, 59 (Serial No. 240).
7. Calkins S. D., & Johnson, M. C. (1998). Toddler regulation of distress to frustrating events: Temperamental and maternal correlates. Infant Behavior & Development, 21, 379-395.
8. Cassidy, J. (1994). Emotion regulation: Influences of attachment relationships. In N. Fox (Ed.), The development of emotion regulation: Biological and behavioral considerations (pp. 229-249). Monographs of the Society for Research on Child Development Monograph, 59 (Serial No. 240).
9. Cassidy, J. (1999). The nature of child's ties. In: J. Cassidy, & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment theory. Research and clinical applications (pp. 3-20). New York: The Guilford Press.
10. Cassidy, J. (2008). The nature of the child's ties. In: J. Cassidy, & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (2nd ed. pp. 3-22). New York: The Guilford Press.
11. Coppola, G., Vaughn, B. E., Cassibba, R., & Costantini, A. (2006). The attachment script representation procedure in an Italian sample: Associations with Adult Attachment Interview scales and maternal sensitivity. Attachment and Human Development, 8, 209-219.
12. Dettling, A., Parker, S., Lane, S., Sebanc, A., & Gunnar, M. (2000). Quality of care and temperament determine changes in cortisol concentrations over the day for young children in childcare. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 25, 819-836.
13. Diener M., & Mangelsdorf, S. (1999). Behavioral strategies for emotion regulation in toddlers: Associations with maternal involvement and emotional expressions. Infant Behavior & Development, 22(4), 569-583.
14. Fox, E., Cahill, S., & Zougkou, K. (2010). Preconscious processing biases predict emotional reactivity to stress. Biological Psychiatry, 67(4), 371-377.
15. George, C., Kaplan, N., & Main, M. (1984). Adult attachment interview protocol (Unpublished manuscript). Berkeley: University of California.
16. Grolnick, W. S., Bridges, L. J., & Connell, J. P. (1995). Emotion regulation in two year-olds: Strategies and emotional expression in four contexts. Child Development, 67, 928-941.
17. Gross J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual Foundations. In: J. J. Gross (Ed.) Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3-26). New York: Guilford Press.
18. Gunnar, M., Brodersen, L., Nachmias, M., Buss, K., & Rigatuso, R. (1996). Stress reactivity and attachment security. Developmental Psychobiology, 29, 10-36.
19. Gunnar M., & Donzella, B. (2002). Social regulation of the cortisol levels in early human development. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 27, 199-220.
20. Gunnar, M., Hertsgaard, L., Larson, M., & Riagatuso, J. (1992b). Cortisol and behavioral responses to repeated stressors in human newborn. Developmental Psychobiology, 24, 487-505.
21. Gunnar, M., Larson, M., Hertsgaard, L., Harris, M., & Broderson, L. (1992a). The stressfulness of separation among 9-month-old infants: Effects of social context variables and infant temperament. Child Development, 63, 290-303.
22. Gunnar, M., Marvinney, D., Isensee, J., & Fisch, R. O. (1989). Coping with uncertainty: New models of the relations between hormonal, behavioral and cognitive processes. In: D. Palermo (Ed.) Coping with uncertainty: Biological, behavioral and developmental perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
23. Hanrahan, K., McCarthy, A. M., Kleiber, C., Lutgendorf, S., & Tsalikian, E. (2006). Strategies for salivary cortisol collection and analysis in research with children. Applied Nursing Research, 19(2), 95-101.
24. Hertsgaard, L., Gunnar, M., Larson, M., Brodersen, L., & Lehman, H. (1992). First time experiences in infancy: When they appear to be pleasant, do they activate the adrenocortical stress response? Developmental Psychobiology, 25, 319-333.
25. Hesse, E. (1999). The Adult Attachment Interview: Historical and current perspectives. In: J. Cassidy, & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical implications (pp. 395-433). New York: Guilford.
26. Kirschbaum C., & Hellhammer, D. H. (1994). Salivary cortisol in psychoneuroendocrine research: Recent developments and applications. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 19, 313-333.
27. Lewis M., & Ramsey, D. (2002). Cortisol response to embarrassment and shame. Child Development, 73(4), 1034-1045.
28. Loman M. M., & Gunnar, M. R. (2010). Early experience and the development of stress reactivity and regulation in children. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(6), 867-876.
29. Lopez-Duran, N. L., Olson, S. L., Pajal, N. J., Felt, B. T., & Vasquez, D. M. (2009). Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis functioning in reactive and proactive aggression in children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(2), 169-182.
30. Lutkenhaus, P., Grossmann, K. E., & Grossmann, K. (1985). Infant-mother attachment at 12 months and style of interaction with a stranger at the age of three. Child Development, 56, 1538-1572.
31. Main, M. (2000). The organized categories of infant, child, and adult attachment: Flexible vs inflexible attention under attachment-related stress. Journal of American Psychological Association, 48(4), 1055-1095.
32. Main, M., Hesse, E., & Kaplan, N. (2005). Predictability of attachment behaviour and representational processes at 1, 6 and 19 years of age. The Berkeley longitudinal study. In: K. E. Grossmann, K. Grossmann, & E. Waters (Eds.), Attachment from infancy to adulthood, The major longitudinal studies (pp. 245-304). New York: The Guilford Press.
33. Main, M., Kaplan, N., & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood and adulthood: A move to the level of representation. In I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Eds.), Growing points of attachment theory and research. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50 (1-2), (Serial No. 209).
34. Malatesta, C. Z., Culver, C., Tesman, J. R., & Shepard, B. (1989). The development of emotion expression during the two first years of life. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 54(1-2), (Serial No. 219).
35. Nachmias, M., Gunnar, M., Mangelsdorf, S., Parritz, R., & Buss, K. (1996). Behavioral inhibition and stress reactivity: The moderating role of attachment security. Child Development, 67, 508-522.
36. Posada, G., Goa, Y., Wu, F., Posada, R., Tascon, M., Schoelmerich, A., ... Synnevaag, B. (1995) The secure-base phenomenon across cultures: Children's behavior, mother's preferences and experts concepts. In E. Waters, B. Vaughn, G. Posada, K. K Kondon-Ikemura, (Eds.), Monographs of the Society for Research in the Child Development, 60 (2-3) 27-47.
37. Sapolsky, R. M. (1998). Why zebras din't get ulcers: An updated guide to stress, stress-related diseases and coping. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
38. Sapolsky, R. M. (2007). Stress, stress-related disease, and emotional regulation. In: J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3-26). New York: Guilford Press.
39. Schieche M., & Spangler, G. (2005). Individual differences in biobehavioral organization during problem solving problems in toddlers: The influence of maternal behaviour, infant mother-attachment, and behavioral inhibition on the attachment-exploration balance. Developmental Psychobiology, 46, 293-306.
40. Sethre-Hofstad, L., Stansbury, K., & Rice, M. (2002). Attunement of maternal and child adrenocortical response to child challenge. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 27, 731-747.
41. Stansbury, K., & Gunnar, M.R., (1994). Adrenocortical activity and emotion regulation. In N. Fox (Ed.), The development of emotion regulation: Biological and behavioral considerations (pp. 53-69). Monographs of the Society for Research on Child Development, 59 (Serial No. 240).
42. Spangler G., & Grossman, K. E. (1993). Biobehavioral organization in securely and insecurely attached infants. Child Development, 64, 1439-1450.
43. Spangler G., & Schieche, M. (1998). Emotional and adrenocortical responses of infants to the strange situation: The differential function of emotional expression. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 22, 681-706.
44. Thompson R. A., & Meyer, S. (2007). Socialization of emotion regulation in the family. In: J. J. Gross (Ed.) Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3-26). New York: Guilford Press.
45. Tugade M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2007). Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(3), 311-333.
46. van Bakel H. J. A., & Riksen-Walraven, J. M. (2004). Stress reactivity in 15-months-old infants: Links with infant temperament, cognitive competence, and attachment security. Developmental Psychobiology, 44, 157-167.
47. van Bokhoven, I., van Goozen, S. M., van Engeland, H., Schaal, B., Arseneault, L., & Séguin, J. R. (2005). Salivary cortisol and aggression in a population-based longitudinal study of adolescent males. Journal of Neural Transmission, 112(8), 1083-1096.
48. van IJzendoorn, M. H. (1995). Adult attachment representations, parental responsiveness, and infant attachment: A meta-analysis on the predictive validity of the Adult Attachment Interview. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 387-403.
49. van IJzendoorn, M. H., Vereijken, C. M., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Riksen-Walraven, J. M. (2004). Assessing attachment security with the attachment Q-sort: Meta-analytic evidence for the validity of the observer AQS. Child Development, 75, 1188-1213.
50. van IJzendoorn, B. E., Coppola, G., Veríssimo, M., Monteiro, L., Santos, A. J., Posada, G, ... Korth, B. (2007). The quality of maternal secure base scripts predicts children's secure base behavior at home in three socio-cultural groups. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31, 65-76.
51. Vaughn, B. E., Veríssimo, M., Coppola, G., Bost, K. K., Shin, N., McBride, B., ... Korth, B. (2006). Maternal attachment script representations: Longitudinal stability and associations with stylistic features of maternal narratives. Attachment and Human Development, 8, 199-208.
52. Veríssimo, M., Monteiro, L., & Santos, A. J. (2006). Para além da mãe: vinculação na tríade mãe-pai-criança. In: J. C. Coelho Rosa, & Sousa S. (Eds.), Caderno do bebé (pp. 73-85). Lisboa: Fim de Século.
53. Veríssimo, M., Monteiro, L., Vaughn, B. E., Santos, A. J., & Waters, H. (2005). Coordenação entre o modelo interno dinâmico da mãe e o comportamento de base segura dos seus filhos. Análise Psicológica, 23(2), 7-17.
54. Waters, E. (1995). Appendix A: Attachment Q-set (version 3.0). E. Waters, B. Vaughn, G. Posada & K. Kondon-Ikemura (Eds.), Caregiving, cultural, and cognitive perspectives on secure-base behavior and working models: New growing points of attachment theory and research, Monographs Child development, 60 (2-3), 234-246.
55. Waters, E., & Deane, K. (1985). Defining and assessing individual differences in attachment relationships: Q-methodology and the organization of behavior in infancy and early childhood. In I. Bretherton, & E. Waters (Eds.), Growing points of attachment theory and research, Monographs of the Society for Research in the Child Development, 50 (1-2), 41-65.
56. Waters H. S., & Rodrigues-Doolabh, L. M. (2004). Manual for decoding secure base narratives (Unpublished manuscript), Stony Brook, N.Y.: State University of New York.
57. Waters, H. S., & Waters, E. (2006). The attachment working model concept: among other things, we built script-like representations of secure base experiences. Attachment and Human Development, 8, 185-197.