A randomized controlled trial of zinc as adjuvant therapy for severe pneumonia in young children

Pediatrics

Volumn 129, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 701-708

  Basnet, Sudha ^a   Shrestha, Prakash S ^a   Sharma, Arun ^a   Mathisen, Maria ^b   Prasai, Renu ^c   Bhandari, Nita ^d   Adhikari, Ramesh K ^a   Sommerfelt, Halvor ^b,e   Valentiner Branth, Palle ^f   Strand, Tor A ^b,e,g  

^a TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY   (Nepal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^c Kanti Children's Hospital   (Nepal)

^d SOCIETY FOR APPLIED STUDIES   (India)

^e NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Norway)

^f STATENS SERUM INSTITUT   (Denmark)

^g INNLANDET HOSPITAL TRUST   (Norway)

Author keywords

Pneumonia; Therapeutic; Treatment failure; Young children; Zinc

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CEFOTAXIME; GENTAMICIN; PENICILLIN G; PLACEBO; ZINC SULFATE;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD CARE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COUGHING; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DYSPNEA; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INFANT; INTENTION TO TREAT ANALYSIS; INTERVENTION STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PNEUMONIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REMISSION; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT FAILURE;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; ASTRINGENTS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; PNEUMONIA; RADIOGRAPHY, THORACIC; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ZINC SULFATE;

EID: 84859388205     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 10984275     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-3091     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, et al Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group of WHO and UNICEF. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2010;375(9730):1969-1987
2. Rudan I, El Arifeen S, Black RE, Campbell H. Childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea: setting our priorities right. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7(1):56-61 (Pubitemid 44917782)
3. Fischer Walker CL, Ezzati M, Black RE. Global and regional child mortality and burden of disease attributable to zinc deficiency. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63(5):591-597
4. Aggarwal R, Sentz J, Miller MA. Role of zinc administration in prevention of childhood diarrhea and respiratory illnesses: a metaanalysis. Pediatrics. 2007;119(6):1120-1130 (Pubitemid 46871267)
5. World Health Organization; United Nations Children's Fund; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; USAID. Implementing the New Recommendations on the Clinical Management of Diarrhea: Guidelines for Policy Makers and Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2006
6. Fontaine O. Effect of zinc supplementation on clinical course of acute diarrhea. J Health Popul Nutr. 2001;19(4):338-346
7. Brooks WA, Yunus M, Santosham M, et al. Zinc for severe pneumonia in very young children: double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;363(9422):1683-1688 (Pubitemid 38670325)
8. Bose A, Coles CL, Gunavathi JH, et al. Efficacy of zinc in the treatment of severe pneumonia in hospitalized children <2 y old. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(5):1089-1096, quiz 1207
9. Chang AB, Torzillo PJ, Boyce NC, et al. Zinc and vitamin A supplementation in Indigenous Australian children hospitalised with lower respiratory tract infection: a randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust. 2006;184(3):107-112 (Pubitemid 43256910)
10. Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, Biloglav Z, Mulholland K, Campbell H. Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86(5):408-416 (Pubitemid 351694322)
11. Ghimire M, Pradhan YV, Maskey MH. Community-based interventions for diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections in Nepal. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88:216-221
12. Strand TA, Adhikari RK, Chandyo RK, Sharma PR, Sommerfelt H. Predictors of plasma zinc concentrations in children with acute diarrhea. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(3):451-456 (Pubitemid 41115590)
13. Chandyo RK, Strand TA, Mathisen M, et al. Zinc deficiency is common among healthy women of reproductive age in Bhaktapur, Nepal. J Nutr. 2009;139(3):594-597
14. Valentiner-Branth P, Shrestha PS, Chandyo RK, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of zinc as adjuvant therapy in children 2-35 mo of age with severe or nonsevere pneumonia in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:1667-1674
15. World Health Organization; United Nations Children's Fund. Model IMCI Handbook: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. WHO/FCH/CAH/00.12. Geneva, Switzerland: Division of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, World Health Organization; 2005
16. Hazir T, Qazi S, Nisar YB, et al. Assessment and management of children aged 1-59 months presenting with wheeze, fast breathing, and/or lower LCI; results of a multicentre descriptive study in Pakistan. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89:1049-1054.
17. World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. WHO Child Growth Standards: Length/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Age, Weight-for-Length, Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index-for-Age: Methods and Development. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2006
18. World Health Organization Pneumonia Vaccine Trial Investigator's Group. Standardization of Interpretation of Chest Radiographs for the Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children. WHO/V&B/ 01.35. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2001
19. World Health Organization. Pocket Book of Hospital Care for Children: Guidelines for the Management of Common Illnesses With Limited Resources. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2005
20. Mathisen M, Basnet S, Sharma A, et al. RNA viruses in young Nepalese children hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30:1032-1036
21. Mahalanabis D, Lahiri M, Paul D, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy of treatment with zinc or vitamin A in infants and young children with severe acute lower respiratory infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(3):430-436 (Pubitemid 41115587)
22. Margolis P, Gadomski A. The rational clinical examination. Does this infant have pneumonia? JAMA. 1998;279(4):308-313
23. Puumalainen T, Quiambao B, Abucejo-Ladesma E, et al ARIVAC Research Consortium. Clinical case review: a method to improve identification of true clinical and radiographic pneumonia in children meeting the World Health Organization definition for pneumonia. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:95
24. Das RR. Differential effects of zinc in severe pneumonia in children. Indian J Pediatr. 2011;78:1159-1160