Optimal Weights for Focused Tests of Clustering Using the Local Moran Statistic

Geographical Analysis

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 121-133

  Rogerson, Peter A ^a   Kedron, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; NUMERICAL MODEL; SPATIAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 84859371687     PISSN: 00167363     EISSN: 15384632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-4632.2012.00840.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Aldstadt, J., and A. Getis (2006). "Using AMOEBA to Create a Spatial Weights Matrix and Identify Spatial Clusters." Geographical Analysis 38, 327-343.
2. Alexander, D. D., P. J. Mink, J. H. Mandel, and M. A. Kelsh (2006). "A Meta-Analysis of Occupational Trichloroethylene Exposure and Multiple Myeloma or Leukemia." Occupational Medicine 56, 485-493.
3. Anselin, L. (1995). "Local Indicators of Spatial Association-LISA." Geographical Analysis 27, 93-115.
4. Baumont, C. (2009). "Spatial Effects of Urban Public Policies on Housing Values." Papers in Regional Science 88(2), 301-326.
5. Ben-Ahmed, K., K. Aoun, F. Jeddi, J. Ghrab, M. El-Aroui, and A. Bouratbine (2009). "Visceral Leishmaniasis in Tunisia: Spatial Distribution and Association with Climatic Factors." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81(1), 40-45.
6. Besag, J., and J. Newell (1991). "The Detection of Clusters in Rare Diseases." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A 154, 143-155.
7. Birch, C. P. D., A. C. Chikukwa, K. Hyder, and V. D. Rio (2009). "Spatial Distribution of the Active Surveillance of Sheep Scrapie in Great Britain: An Exploratory Analysis." BMC Veterinary Research 5(23), 1-14. Available at (accessed on 15 January 2010).
8. Boots, B., and C. Dufournaud (1994). "A Programming Approach to Minimizing and Maximizing Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics." Geographical Analysis 26, 54-66.
9. Boots, B., and A. Okabe (2007). "Local Statistical Spatial Analysis: Inventory and Prospect." International Journal of Geographical Information Science 21(4), 355-375.
10. Chaikaew, N., N. K. Tripathi, and M. Souris (2009). "Exploring Spatial Patterns and Hotspots of Diarrhea in Chiang Mai, Thailand." International Journal of Health Geographics 8(36), 1-10. Available at (accessed on 15 January 2010).
11. Cliff, A., and J. Ord (2009). "What Were We Thinking? " Geographical Analysis 41, 351-363.
12. Diggle, P. J., and B. S. Rowlingson (1994). "A Conditional Approach to Point Process Modeling of Elevated Risk." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A 157, 433-440.
13. Florax, R., and S. Rey (1995). "The Impacts of Misspecified Spatial Interaction in Linear Regression Models." In New Directions in Spatial Econometrics, 111-135, edited by L. Anselin and R. Florax Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
14. Franklin, S., M. Wulder, and M. Lavigne (1996). "Automated Derivation of Geographic Window Sizes for Use in Remote Sensing Digital Image Texture Analysis." Computers and Geosciences 22, 665-673.
15. Getis, A. (2009). "Spatial Weights Matrices." Geographical Analysis 41, 404-410.
16. Getis, A., and J. Aldstadt (2004). "Constructing the Spatial Weights Matrix Using a Local Statistic." Geographical Analysis 36(2), 90-104.
17. Getis, A., and J. Ord (1992). "The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics." Geographical Analysis 24, 189-206.
18. Gombay, E., and L. Horvath (1996). "On the Rate of Approximations for Maximum Likelihood Tests in Change-Point Models." Journal of Multivariate Analysis 56, 120-152.
19. Griffith, D. A. (1996). "Some Guidelines for Specifying the Geographic Weights Matrix Contained in Spatial Statistical Models." In Practical Handbook of Spatial Statistics, 65-82, edited by S. L. Arlinghaus Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
20. Haas, T. (1995). "Local Prediction of Spatio-Temporal Process with An Application to Wet Sulfate Deposition." Journal of the American Statistical Association 90, 1189-1199.
21. Henderson, R. (1986). "Change-Point Problem with Correlated Observations, with an Application in Material Accountancy." Technometrics 28, 381-389.
22. Hu, Z., and K. R. Rao (2009). "Particulate Air Pollution and Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease in the Eastern United States: A County Level Ecological Study Using Satellite Aerosol Data." Environmental Health 8(26) Available at (accessed on 15 January 2010).
23. James, B., K. L. James, and D. Siegmund (1987). "Tests for a Changepoint." Biometrika 74, 71-83.
24. Kim, H.-J. (1996). "Change-Point Detection for Correlated Observations." Statistica Sinica 6, 275-287.
25. Kooijman, S. A. L. M. (1976). "Some Remarks on the Statistical Analysis of Grids Especially with Respect to Ecology." Annals of Systems Research 5, 113-132.
26. Lange, N., L. Ryan, L. Billard, D. Brillinger, L. Conquest, and J. Greenhouse (1994). Case Studies in Biometry. New York: Wiley.
27. Lawson, A. B. (1993). "The Analysis of Mortality Events Associated with a Prespecified Fixed Point." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A 156, 363-377.
28. Lloyd, C. (2011). Local Models for Spatial Analysis. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor and Francis.
29. Ord, J., and A. Getis (1995). "Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics: Distributional Issues and an Application." Geographical Analysis 27, 286-306.
30. Ramstein, G., and M. Raffy (1989). "Analysis of the Structure of Radiometric Remotely-Sensed Images." International Journal of Remote Sensing 10, 1049-1073.
31. Rogerson, P. (2010). "Optimal Geographic Scales for Local Spatial Statistics." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 20(2), 119-129.
32. Sampson, P., D. Damien, and P. Guttorp (2001). "Advances in Modeling and Inference of Environmental Processes with Nonstationary Spatial Covariance." In GeoENV III: Geostatistics for Environmental Applications, 17-32, edited by P. Monestiez, D. Allard and R. Froidevaux Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
33. Seabrook, N. (2009). "The Obama Effect: Patterns of Geographic Clustering in the 2004 and 2008 Presidential Elections." The Forum: A Journal of Applied Research in Contemporary Politics 7(2) Article 6, 1-16. Available at (accessed on 24 January 2012).
34. Sugumaran, R., S. R. Larson, and J. DeGroote (2009). "Spatio-Temporal Cluster Analysis of County-Based Human West Nile Virus Incidence in the Continental United States." International Journal of Health Geographics 8(43), 1-19. Available at (accessed on 15 January 2010).
35. Tango, T. (1995). "A Class of Tests for Detecting 'General' and 'Focused' Clustering of Rare Diseases." Statistics in Medicine 7, 649-660.
36. Tiefelsdorf, M. (2002). "The Saddlepoint Approximation of Moran's I and Local Moran's I Reference Distribution and Their Numerical Evaluation." Geographical Analysis 34, 187-206.
37. Unwin, A. (1996). "Exploratory Spatial Analysis and Local Statistics." Computational Statistics 11, 387-400.
38. Unwin, A., and D. Unwin (1998). "Foreword to Special Issue." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series D (The Statistician) 47, 413.
39. Waller, L. A., B. W. Turnbull, L. C. Clark, and P. Nasca (1994). "Spatial Pattern Analyses to Detect Rare Disease Clusters." In Case Studies in Biometry, 3-23, edited by N. Lange, L. Ryan, L. Billard, D. Brillinger, L. Conquest and J. Greenhouse New York: Wiley.
40. Yao, Y.-C., and R. A. Davis (1986). "The Asymptotic Behavior of the Likelihood Ratio Statistic for Testing a Shift in Mean in a Sequence of Independent Normal Variates." Sankhya A 48, 339-353.