Mandibular condyles and rami are asymmetric structures

Cranio - Journal of Craniomandibular and Sleep Practice

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 51-56

  Türp, Jens C ^a,b   Alt, Kurt W ^a,c   Vach, Werner ^a,d,e   Harbich, Karolin ^a,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY   (United States)

^c FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^d TU DORTMUND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^e DESY   (Germany)

^f University of Dortmund ^*

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84858882252     PISSN: 08869634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08869634.1998.11746038     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Landau T: About faces. The evolution of the human face. New York: Anchor Books, 1989
2. Hargittai I, Hargittai M: Simple and combined symmetries. In: Hargittai I, Hargittai M, eds. Symmetry through the eyes of a chemist. Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, 1986: 9-74
3. Peck S, Peck H: A concept of facial esthetics. Angle Orthod 1970; 40:284-317
4. Busse H: Uber normale asymmetrien des gesichts und im korperbau des menschen. Z Morphol Anthropol 1936; 35:412-445
5. Liebreich R: Die Asymmetrie des Gesichtes und ihre Entstehung. Wiesbaden: Bergmann, 1908
6. Hasse C: Ueber Gesichtsasymmetrien. Arch Anat Physiol (Anat Abt) 1887; 11:119-125
7. Skvarilova B: Facial asymmetry: type, extent and range of normal values. Acta Chir Plast 1993; 35:173-180
8. Farkas LG, Cheung G: Facial asymmetry in healthy North American Caucasians. An anthropometrical study. Angle Orthod 1981; 51:70-77
9. Figalova P: Asymmetry of the face. Anthropologie 1969; 7:31-34
10. Roggendorf E: Die Symmetrieanalyse des Gesichts. Anat Anz 1972; 132:178-188
11. Farkas LG: Asymmetry of the head and face. In: Farkas LG, ed. Anthropometry of the head and face. New York: Raven Press, 1994: 103-111
12. Shah SM, Joshi MR: An assessment of asymmetry in the normal craniofacial complex. Angle Orthod 1978; 48:141-148
13. Vig PS, Hewitt AB: Asymmetry of the human facial skeleton. Angle Orthod 1975; 45:125-129
14. Skvarilova B: Facial asymmetry: an X-ray study. Acta Chir Plast 1994; 36:89-91
15. Habets LL, Bezuur JN, Naeije M, Hansson TL: The Orthopantomogram®, an aid in diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems. II. The vertical symmetry. J Oral Rehabil 1988; 15:465-471
16. Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Poggio CE, Tartaglia G: Distance from symmetry: a three-dimensional evaluation of facial asymmetry. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1994; 52:1126-1132
17. Türp JC, Vach W, Harbich K, Alt KW, Strub JR: Determining mandibular condyle and ramus height with the help of an Orthopantomogram®-a valid method? J Oral Rehabil 1996; 23:395-400
18. Ruf S, Pancherz H: Is orthopantomography reliable for TMJ diagnosis? An experimental study on a dry skull. J Orofac Pain 1995; 9:365-374
19. Miller VJ: Variation of condylar asymmetry with age in edentulous patients with a craniomandibular disorder of myogenous origin. J Prosthet Dent 1994; 71:384-386
20. Miller VJ: The effect of age on condylar asymmetry in patients with craniomandibular disorders of arthrogenous origin. J Prosthet Dent 1992; 67:845-846
21. Bezuur JN, Hansson TL, Wilkinson TM: The recognition of craniomandibular disorders - an evaluation of the most reliable signs and symptoms when screening for CMD. J Oral Rehabil 1989; 16:367-372
22. Bezuur JN, Habets LL, Hansson TL: The recognition of craniomandibular disorders; condylar symmetry in relation to myogenous and arthrogenous origin of pain. J Oral Rehabil 1989; 16:257-260
23. Schokker RP, Hansson TL, Ansink BJ, Habets LL: Craniomandibular asymmetry in headache patients. J Craniomandib Disord 1990; 4:205-209
24. Miller VJ, Myers SL, Yoeli Z, Zeltser C: Condylar asymmetry and its relation to age in a group of patients with a craniomandibular disorder of myogenous origin. J Oral Rehabil 1994; 21:707-711
25. Miller VJ, Myers SL, Zeltser C, Yoeli Z: The relation of age and handedness to condylar asymmetry in a group of edentulous patients with a temporomandibular disorder of arthrogenous origin. J Oral Rehabil 1995; 22:311-313
26. Knußmann R: Anthropologie. Vol. 1. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer, 1988
27. Harbich K: Messungen anthropologischer Referenytunke in der Panorama-shichtaufnahme und am mazerierten Schädel [Doctoral thesis]. Freiburg, Germany: Albert Ludwigs University, 1994
28. Tukey JW: Exploratory data analysis. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1977
29. Utermohle CJ, Zegura SL: Intra- and interobserver error in craniometry: a cautionary tale. Am J Phys Anthropol 1982; 57:303-310
30. Hinton RJ: Relationships between mandibular joint size and craniofacial size in human groups. Archs Oral Biol 1983; 28:37-43
31. Ponyi S, Szabo G, Nylilasi J: Asymmetry of mandibular dimensions in European skulls. Proc Finn Dent Soc 1991; 87:321-327
32. Berger U, Bach A: Anatomisch-anthropologische Untersuchungen der Kiefergelenkregion an Schädeln mittelalterlicher Bevölkerungen als Grundlage für die Konstruktion von Kiefergelenkendothesen. In: Bach H, Bach A, eds. Paläanthropologie im Mittelelbe-Saale-Werra-Gebiet. Weimar, Museum für Ur- und FrühgeschichteThüringens, 1989:152-175
33. Wish-Baratz S, Hershkovitz I, Arensburg B, Latimer B, Jellema LM: Size and location of the human temporomandibular joint. Am J Phys Anthropol 1996; 101 :387-400
34. Dumas AL, Oaddab MB, Homayoun NH, McDonough J: A three-dimensional developmental measurement of the temporomandibular joint. J Craniomandib Pract 1986; 4:22-35
35. Öberg T, Carlsson GE, Fajers CM: The temporomandibular joint. A morphologic study on a human autopsy material. Acta Odont Scand 1971; 29: 349-384
36. Yale SH, Allison BD, Hauptfuehrer JD: An epidemiological assessment of mandibular condyle morphology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1966; 21:169-177
37. Koppe T, Autrum B, Krczal P: Physiologische Formvarianten am Kiefergelenk des Menschen und der Pongiden. In: Benner KU, Fanghänel J, Kowalewski R, Kubein-Meesenburg D, Randzio J, eds. Morphologie, Funktion und Klinik des Kiefergelenks. Berlin: Quintessenz, 1993: 101-109
38. Costa RL, Jr.: Asymmetry of the mandibular condyle in Haida Indians. Am J Phys Anthropol 1986; 70:119-123
39. Welcker H: Die Zugehörigkeit eines Unterkiefers zu einem bestimmten Schädel, nebst Untersuchungen über sehr auffällige, durch Austrocknung und Wiederanfeuchtung bedingte Grössen- und Formveränderungen des Knochens. Arch f Anthropol 1900; 27:31-106
40. Grunert I: Die Kiefergelenke des Zahnlosen. Eine anatomische und klinische Untersuchung. Berlin: Quintessenz, 1995