The political economy of social organization registration in China

China Quarterly

Volumn , Issue 208, 2011, Pages 970-989

  Hildebrandt, Timothy ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

centre local relations; decentralization; environment; HIV AIDS; LGBT; non governmental organizations

Indexed keywords

DECENTRALIZATION; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; INCENTIVE; NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION; POLITICAL ECONOMY; SOCIAL ORGANIZATION; STATE-LOCAL RELATIONS;

CHINA;

EID: 84858858544     PISSN: 03057410     EISSN: 14682648     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0305741011001093     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. E.g. a new registration law in Russia, also designed to clamp down on the development of an independent social sphere, has created administrative hurdles for NGOs similar to those in China. Moscow Times, 24 August 2007. India has instituted a strict regulation system, evidence of a government wary of NGOs. Rita Jalali, "International funding of NGOs in India," Voluntas, Vol. 19 (2008), p. 172.
2. Some argue that registration is crucial in helping Chinese environmental NGOs secure financial support and build transnational linkages. J. Ru and L. Ortolano, "Development of citizen-organized environmental NGOs in China," Voluntas, Vol. 20 (2009), pp. 141-68.
3. Previous studies suggest that other social actors, such as entrepreneurs, prefer to formalize their relationship with the state to avoid negative government interference and increase economic opportunities. Bruce Dickson, Red Capitalists in China: The Chinese Communist Party, Private Entrepreneurs, and Political Change (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003)
4. Wealth into Power: The Communist Party's Embrace of China's Private Sector (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008);
5. Kellee Tsai, Capitalism without Democracy: The Private Sector in Contemporary China (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2007).
6. Indicative of this, significant scholarly attention has been paid to environmental NGOs. E.g. Peter Ho, "Greening without conflict? Environmentalism, NGOs and civil society in China," Development and Change, Vol. 32 (2001);
7. Y. Lu, "Environmental civil society and governance in China," International Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 64, No. 1 (2007) pp. 59-69; (Pubitemid 46364691)
8. Peter Ho and Richard L. Edmonds, China's Embedded Activism: Opportunities and Constrains of a Social Movement (New York: Routledge, 2008);
9. Andrew Mertha, China's Water Warriors: Civic Action and Policy Change (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2008).
10. An appendix including a list of interviewees and the survey is available online at www. timothyhildebrandt.net/data.
11. Howell, "Prospects for NGOs," p. 8;
12. Ho, "Greening without conflict?" p. 915.
13. Available online: http://huitong.mca.gov.cn/article/zcwj/200812/ 20081200023777.shtml.
14. J. Ru and L. Ortolano, "State control and environmental NGOs in China," Association of Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action, Los Angeles, November 2004.
15. Ho, "Greening without conflict?" p. 902;
16. Qiushi Ma, "The governance of NGOs in China since 1978: how much autonomy?" Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Vol. 31, No. 3 (2002), p. 306.
17. Available online: http://cws.mca.gov.cn/accessory/200902/1233554233793. htm.
18. Shuiyan Tang and Xueyong Zhan, "Civic environmental NGOs, civil society, and democratisation in China," Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 44, No. 3 (2008), pp. 425-48.
19. "Negotiating the state: the development of social organizations in China," The China Quarterly, No. 161 (2000), pp. 123-41.
20. "China: the limits of civil society in a late Leninist state," in M. Alagappa (ed.), Civil Society and Political Change in Asia (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004).
21. Saich, "Negotiating the state."
22. Jonathan Schwartz and Shawn Shieh, State and Society Responses to Social Welfare Needs: Serving the People (New York: Routledge, 2009);
23. S. Wang and B. Sun, "Zhongguo minjian zuzhi fazhan gaikuang" ("Introduction to the development of civil organizations"), in K. Yu (eds.), Zhongguo gongmin shehui de xingqi yu zhili de bianqian (The Emergence of Civil Society and its Significance to Governance in Reform China) (Beijing: Social Science Documents Press, 2002), pp. 234-70.
24. Jean Oi, "Fiscal Reform and the Economic Foundations of Local State Corporatism in China," World Politics Vol. 45 (1992) pp. 99-124.
25. Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists beyond Borders (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998).
26. Concerns about the lack of independence among recipients and corruption among lower-level government officials reached a head in 2010 when the Global Fund suspended the monies bound for China in May 2011. The suspension was lifted four months later when the Chinese government agreed to make changes. However, no details of changes have been released to the public. "Global Fund lifts China grant freeze," Associated Press, 23 August 2011.