Stabilization of tropical kaolin soil with phosphoric acid and lime

Natural Hazards

Volumn 61, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 931-942

  Eisazadeh, Amin ^a   Kassim, Khairul Anuar ^a   Nur, Hadi ^a  

^a UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Characterization; Leaching; Lime; Phosphoric acid; Stabilization; Tropical kaolin

Indexed keywords

CLAY SOIL; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY; KAOLIN; LEACHING; LIME; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SOIL PROPERTY; SOIL STABILIZATION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 84858795794     PISSN: 0921030X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-9941-2     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Balasubramaniam AS, Bergado DT, Buensucoso BR Jr, Yang WC (1989) Strength and deformation characteristics of lime treated soft clay. J Geotechn Eng 20: 49-65.
2. Bell FG (1996) Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils. Eng Geol 42(4): 223-237.
3. Boardman DI, Glendinning S, Rogers CDF (2001) Development of solidification and stabilisation in lime-clay mixes. Geotechnique 40: 533-543.
4. Brady NC, Weil RR (1996) The nature and properties of soils, 11th edn. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
5. Brown G (1961) The X-ray identification and crystal structures of clay mineral. Mineralogical Society (Clay Minerals Group), London.
6. BSI (1990a) British standard methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes: part 4, Compaction-related tests. BS1377, British Standards Institution, London.
7. BSI (1990) Stabilized materials for civil engineering purposes: part 2, Methods of test for cement-stabilized and lime-stabilized materials. BS1924, British Standards Institution, London.
8. Carroll D, Starkey HC (1971) Reactivity of clay minerals with acids and alkalies. Clays Clay Miner 19: 321-333.
9. EC (1990) Compendium of waste leaching tests. Report EPS 3/HA/7. Environment Canada, Waste Water Technology Centre.
10. Eisazadeh A (2010) Physicochemical behaviour of lime and phosphoric acid stabilized clayey soils. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Ph. D. Thesis.
11. Herzog A, Mitchell JK (1963) Reactions accompanying the stabilization of clay with cement. US Highw Res Board Bull 36: 146-171.
12. Ingles OG, Metcalf JB (1972) Soil stabilization-principles and practice. Butterworth, Melbourne.
13. JCPDS (1995) Index to the powder diffraction file. International center for diffraction data, Swarthmore.
14. Ioannou A, Dimirkou A (1997) Phosphate adsorption on Hematite, Kaolinite, and Kaolinite-Hematite (k-h) systems as described by a constant capacitance model. J Colloid Interf Sci 192: 119-128.
15. Kota PBVS, Hazlett D, Perrin L (1996) Sulfate-bearing soils: problems with calcium-based stabilizers. Transportation research record 1546, TRB, National Research Council, Washington DC, pp 62-69.
16. Locat J, Tremblay H, Leroueil S (1996) Mechanical and hydraulic behaviour of a soft inorganic clay treated with lime. Can Geotech J 33: 654-669.
17. Lyons JW, McEwan GJ (1962) Phosphoric acid in soil stabilization, part I. Effect on engineering properties of soils. Highway research board bulletin (soil stabilization with phosphorous compounds and additives) Washington DC, vol 318, pp 4-14.
18. Madejova J, Komadel P (2001) Baseline studies of the clay minerals society source clays: Infrared methods. Clays Clay Miner 49(5): 410-432.
19. Manju CS, Narayanan Nair V, Lalithambika M (2001) Mineralogy, geochemistry and utilization study of the Madayi kaolin deposit, North Kerala, India. Clays Clay Miner 49(4): 355-369.
20. Medina J, Guida HN (1995) Stabilization of lateritic soils with phosphoric acid. J Geotech Geol Eng 13: 199-216.
21. Mitchell JK, Dermatas D (1992) Clay soil heave caused by lime-sulfate reactions. Innovations in uses for lime, ASTM STP 1135, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, pp 41-64.
22. Mitchell JK, Soga K (2005) Fundamentals of soil behavior, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York.
23. Nacamoto K (1970) Infrared spectra of inorganic and coordinated compounds. Wiley, New York.
24. Narasimha Rao S, Rajasekaran G (1996) Reaction products formed in lime-stabilized marine clays. J Geotech Eng ASCE 122: 329-336.
25. Rajasekaran G, Narasimha Rao S (1997) The microstructure of lime-stabilized marine clay. Ocean Eng 24(9): 867-878.
26. Rogers CDF, Glendinning S, Dixon N (1996) Lime stabilization. Proceedings of the seminar held at Loughborough University, Thomas Telford Publisher, London.
27. Rollings RS, Burkes JP, Rollings MP (1999) Sulfate attack on cement-stabilized sand. J Geotechn Geoenviron Eng ASCE 125(5): 364-372.
28. Willoughby DR, Gross KA, Ingles OG, Silva SR, Veronica MS (1968) The identification of reaction products in alkali stabilized clay by electron microscopy, X-ray and electron diffraction. In: Proceedings of 4th conference of Australian board 4, part 2, pp 1386-1408.