Adaptation strategies to seasonal changes in environmental conditions of a domesticated horse breed, the Shetland pony (Equus ferus caballus)

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 215, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 1061-1068

  Brinkmann, Lea ^a   Gerken, Martina ^a   Riek, Alexander ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Body temperature; Feed restriction; Hypometabolism; Locomotion; Metabolic rate; Shetland pony

Indexed keywords

RAIN;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ARTICLE; BODY TEMPERATURE; BODY WEIGHT; BREEDING; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; DOMESTIC ANIMAL; HEART RATE; HORSE; LOCOMOTION; PHYSIOLOGY; REST; SEASON; TEMPERATURE;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, DOMESTIC; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; BODY TEMPERATURE; BODY WEIGHT; BREEDING; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HEART RATE; HORSES; LOCOMOTION; RAIN; REST; SEASONS; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS; EQUUS PRZEWALSKII;

EID: 84858667694     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.064832     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Al-Tamimi, H. J. (2006). Responses of core and peripheral temperatures to chronic cold stress in transiently goitrous goats. J. Therm. Biol. 31, 626-633.
2. Al-Tamimi, H. J. (2007). Responses of simultaneously recorded intraperitoneal and subcutaneous temperatures of black Bedouin goats to transient thyrosuppression during cold stress. Livest. Sci. 106, 254-260. (Pubitemid 46038260)
3. Angilletta, M. J., Cooper, B. S., Schuler, M. S. and Boyles, J. G. (2010). The evolution of thermal physiology in endotherms. Front. Biosci. E2, 861-881.
4. Arnold, G. W. (1984). Comparison of the time budgets and circadian patterns of maintenance activities in sheep, cattle and horses grouped together. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 13, 19-30.
5. Arnold, W., Ruf, T., Reimoser, S., Tataruch, F., Onderscheka, K. and Schober, F. (2004). Nocturnal hypometabolism as an overwintering strategy of red deer (Cervus elaphus). Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 286, R174-R181. (Pubitemid 38055907)
6. Arnold, W., Ruf, T. and Kuntz, R. (2006). Seasonal adjustment of energy budget in a large wild mammal, the Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii) II. Energy expenditure. J. Exp. Biol. 209, 4566-4573. (Pubitemid 44974437)
7. Aschoff, J. (1962). Spontane Lokomotorische Aktivität. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter & Co.
8. Audet, D. and Thomas, D. W. (1996). Evaluation of the accuracy of body temperature measurement using external radio transmitters. Can. J. Zool. 74, 1778-1781. (Pubitemid 26352034)
9. Barclay, R. M. R., Kalcounis, M. C., Crampton, L. H., Stefan, C., Vonhof, M. J., Wilkinson, L. and Brigham, R. M. (1996). Can external radiotransmitters be used to assess body temperature and torpor in bats? J. Mammal. 77, 1102-1106. (Pubitemid 27050140)
10. Berger, A., Scheibe, K. M., Eichhorn, K., Scheibe A., and Streich, J. (1999). Diurnal and ultradian rhythms of behaviour in a mare group of Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), measured through one year under semi-reserve conditions. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 64, 1-17. (Pubitemid 29245254)
11. Berger, A., Scheibe, K. M., Brelurut, A., Schober, E. and Streich, W. (2002). Seasonal variation of diurnal and ultradian rhythms in red deer. Biol. Rhythm Res. 33, 237-253. (Pubitemid 34969770)
12. Berger, A., Scheibe, K. M., Wollenweber, K., Patan, B., Schnitker, P., Herrman C. and Budras, K. D. (2006). Jahresrhythmik von Aktivität, Nahrungsaufnahme, Lebendmasse und Hufentwicklung bei Wild-und Hauspferden in naturnahen Lebensbedingungen. In Aktuelle Arbeiten zur artgemäβ enTierhaltung 2006 (ed. K. Einschütz), pp. 137-146. Darmstadt: KTBL.
13. Bevan, R. M., Speakman, J. R. and Butler, P. J. (1995). Daily energy-expenditure of tufted ducks -a comparison between indirect calorimetry, doubly labeled water and heart rate. Funct. Ecol. 9, 40-47.
14. Boyd, L. E. (1988). Time budgets of adult Przewalski horses -effects of sex, reproductive status and enclosure. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 21, 19-39.
15. Boyd, L. E. and Bandi, N. (2002). Reintroduction of takhi, Equuas ferus przewalskii, to Hustai National Park, Mongolia: Time budget and synchrony of activity pre-and post-release. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 78, 87-102.
16. Boyd, L. E., Carbonaro, D. A. and Houpt, K. A. (1988). The 24-hour time budget of Przewalski horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 21, 5-17.
17. Boyles, J. G., Seebacher, F., Smit, B. and McKechnie, A. E. (2011). Adaptive thermoregulation in endotherms may alter responses to climate change. Integr. Comp. Biol. 51, 676-690.
18. Brigham, R. M. (1992). Daily torpor in a free-ranging goatsucker, the common poorwill (Phalaenoptilus nuttallii). Physiol. Zool. 65, 457-472. (Pubitemid 24410934)
19. Brosh, A., Aharoni, Y., Degen, A. A., Wright, D. and Young, B. (1998). Estimation of energy expenditure from heart rate measurements in cattle maintained under different conditions. J. Anim. Sci. 76, 3054-3064.
20. Butler, P. J., Green, J. A., Boyd, I. L. and Speakman, J. R. (2004). Measuring metabolic rate in the field, the pros and cons of the doubly labelled water and heart rate methods. Funct. Ecol. 18, 168-183. (Pubitemid 38504280)
21. Carroll, C. L. and Huntington, P. J. (1988). Body condition scoring and weight estimation of horses. Equine Vet. J. 20, 41-45.
22. Duncan, P. (1980). Time-budgets of Camargue horses: II. Time-budgets of adult horses and weaned sub-adults. Behaviour 72, 26-49.
23. Duncan, P. (1985). Time-budgets of Camargue horses: III. Environmental influences. Behaviour 92, 188-208.
24. Fuller, A., Kamerman, P. R., Maloney, S. K., Matthee, A., Mitchell, G. and Mitchell, D. (2005). A year in the thermal life of a free-ranging herd of springbok Antidorcas marsupialis. J. Exp. Biol. 208, 2855-2864. (Pubitemid 41265176)
25. Geiser, F. (1988). Reduction of metabolism during hibernation and daily torpor in mammals and birds-temperature effect or physiological inhibition. J. Comp. Physiol. B 158, 25-37.
26. Geiser, F. and Ruf, T. (1995). Hibernation versus daily torpor in mammals and birds -physiological variables and classification of torpor patterns. Physiol. Zool. 68, 935-966. (Pubitemid 3017960)
27. Geor, R. J. (2008). Metabolic predispositions to laminitis in horses and ponies, obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndromes. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 28, 753-759.
28. Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie (1994). Empfehlung zur Energie-und Nährstoffversorgung der Pferde. Frankfurt: DLG-Verlag.
29. Green, A. R., Gates, S. G. and Lawrence, L. M. (2005). Measurement of horse core body temperature. J. Therm. Biol. 30, 370-377. (Pubitemid 40981984)
30. Heldmaier, G., Steinlechner, S., Ruf, T., Wiesinger, H. and Klingenspor, M. (1989). Photoperiod and thermoregulation in vertebrates body temperature rhythms and thermogenic acclimation. J. Biol. Rhythm 4, 251-265.
31. Heldmaier, G., Ortmann, S. and Elvert, R. (2004). Natural hypometabolism during hibernation and daily torpor in mammals. Resp. Physiol. Neurobiol. 141, 317-329. (Pubitemid 39013417)
32. Kienzle, E., Coenen, M. and Zeyner, A. (2010). Der Erhaltungsbedarf von Pferden an umstzbarer Energie. Übersichten Tierernährung 38, 33-54.
33. Körtner, G. and Geiser, F. (2000). Torpor and activity patterns in free-ranging sugar gliders Petaurus breviceps (Marsupialia). Oecologia 123, 350-357. (Pubitemid 30392697)
34. Körtner, G., Brigham, R. M. and Geiser, F. (2001). Torpor in free-ranging tawny frogmouths (Podargus strigoides). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 74, 789-797. (Pubitemid 34018109)
35. Kuntz, R., Kubalek, C., Ruf, T., Tataruch, F. and Arnold, W. (2006). Seasonal adjustment of energy budget in a large wild mammal, the Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii) I. Energy intake. J. Exp. Biol. 209, 4557-4565. (Pubitemid 44974436)
36. Lamoot, I. and Hoffmann, M. (2004). Do season and habitat influence the behaviour of Haffinger mares in a coastal dune area? Belg. J. Zool. 134, 97-103. (Pubitemid 39217748)
37. Langlois, B. (1994). Inter-breed variation in the horse with regard to cold adaptation -a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 40, 1-7.
38. Langman, V. A. and Maloiy, G. M. O. (1989). Passive obligatory heterothermy of the giraffe. J. Physiol. 415 Suppl., 89P.
39. Lauvergne, J. J. (1994). Characterization of domesticated genetic resources in American camelids, a new approach. In Proceedings of the European Symposium of South American Camelids (ed. M. Gerken and C. Renieri), pp. 59-65.
40. Littlejohn, A. and Munro, R. (1972). Equine recumbency. Vet. Rec. 90, 83-85.
41. Malechek, J. C. and Smith, B. M. (1976). Behavior of range cows in response to winter weather. J. Range Manag. 29, 9-12.
42. Maloney, S. K., Fuller, A., Meyer, L. C. R., Kamerman, P. R., Mitchell G. and Mitchell, D. (2011). Minimum daily core body temperature in western grey kangaroos decreases as summer advances, a seasonal pattern, or a direct response to water, heat or energy supply? J. Exp. Biol. 214, 1813-1820.
43. McCarron, H. C. K., Buffenstein, R., Fanning, F. D. and Dawson, T. J. (2001). Freeranging heart rate, body temperature and energy metabolism in eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) in the arid regions of South East Australia. J. Comp. Physiol. B 171, 401-411. (Pubitemid 32620704)
44. McFarland,D.(1985). Animal Behaviour. London: Addison Wesley Longman Limited.
45. Piccione, G., Caola, G. and Refinetti, R. ( 2002 The circadian rhythm of body temperature of the horse. Biol. Rhythm Res. 33, 113.
46. Prentice, A. M., Rayco-Solon, P. and Moore, S. E. (2005). Insights from the developing world, thrifty genotypes and thrifty phenotypes. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 64, 153-161. (Pubitemid 40813537)
47. Price, E. O. (1984). Behavioral aspects of animal domestication. Quart. Rev. Biol. 59, 1-32.
48. Renecker, L. A. and Hudson, R. J. (1985). Telemetered heart rate as an index of energy expenditure in moose (Alces alces). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82A, 161-165.
49. Scheibe, K. M., Berger, A., Langbein, J., Streich, W. J. and Eichhorn, K. (1999). Comparative analysis of ultradian and circadian behavioural rhythms for diagnosis of biorhythmic state of animals. Biol. Rhythm. Res. 30, 216-233. (Pubitemid 29382604)
50. Scheunert, A. and Trautmann, A. (1987). Lehrbuch der Veterinär- Physiologie. Berlin, Hamburg: Verlag Paul Parey.
51. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. (1997). Animal Physiology -Adaptation and Environment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
52. Singer, D. (2007). Why 37 degrees C? Evolutionary fundamentals of thermoregulation. Anaesthesist 56, 899-906. (Pubitemid 47459758)
53. Stahl, W. R. (1967). Scaling of respiratory variables in mammals. J. Appl. Physiol. 22, 453-460.
54. Statistical Analysis System (2008). User's Guide 9.2. Cary, NC: SAS Insitute Inc.
55. Taffe, M. A. (2011). A comparison of intraperitoneal and subcutaneous temperature in freely moving rhesus macaques. Physiol. Behav. 103, 440-444.
56. Taylor, C. R. (1969). The eland and the oryx. Sci. Am. 220, 88-95.
57. Taylor, C. R. (1970). Strategies of temperature regulation -effect on evaporation in east African ungulates. Am. J. Physiol. 219, 1131-1135.
58. Taylor, C. R. and Lyman, C. P. (1967). A comparative study of environmental physiology of an East African antelope, the eland, and the Hereford steer. Physiol. Zool. 40, 280-295.
59. Weiner, J. (1977). Energy metabolism of roe deer. Acta Theriol. 22, 3-24.
60. Winchester, C. F. (1943). The energy cost of standing in horses. Science 97, 24.
61. Woakes, A. J., Butler, P. J. and Bevan, R. M. (1995). Implantable data logging system for heart rate and body temperature -its application to the estimation of field metabolic rates in Antarctic predators. Med. Biol. Eng. Comp. 33, 145-151.
62. Worden, K. A. and Pekins, P. J. (1995). Seasonal change in feed intake, body composition, and metabolic rate of white-tailed deer. Can. J. Zool. 73, 452-457. (Pubitemid 26447257)