메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 130, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 4070-4081

Audibility-based predictions of speech recognition for children and adults with normal hearing

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACKGROUND NOISE; CHILDREN'S SPEECH RECOGNITION; NORMAL HEARING; SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY INDEX; SPEECH SIGNALS; SPEECH UNDERSTANDING;

EID: 84858299692     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.3658476     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (82)

References (47)
  • 2
    • 76449107208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protocol for the provision of amplification within the ontario infant hearing program
    • (Suppl. 1),. 10.3109/14992020903080751
    • Bagatto, M., Scollie, S. D., Hyde, M., and Seewald, R. (2010). Protocol for the provision of amplification within the ontario infant hearing program., Int. J. of Aud. 49 (Suppl. 1), S70-S79. 10.3109/14992020903080751
    • (2010) Int. J. of Aud. , vol.49
    • Bagatto, M.1    Scollie, S.D.2    Hyde, M.3    Seewald, R.4
  • 4
    • 0027081884 scopus 로고
    • Frequency-importance functions for words in high- and low-context sentences
    • Bell, T. S., Dirks, D. D., and Trine, T. D. (1992). Frequency-importance functions for words in high- and low-context sentences., J. Speech Hear. Res. 35, 950-959.
    • (1992) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 950-959
    • Bell, T.S.1    Dirks, D.D.2    Trine, T.D.3
  • 5
    • 0023712688 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical treatment of context effects in phoneme and word recognition
    • 10.1121/1.396976
    • Boothroyd, A., and Nittrouer, S. (1988). Mathematical treatment of context effects in phoneme and word recognition., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, 101-114. 10.1121/1.396976
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.84 , pp. 101-114
    • Boothroyd, A.1    Nittrouer, S.2
  • 6
    • 0031934465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech recognition of hearing-impaired listeners: Predictions from audibility and the limited role of high-frequency amplification
    • 10.1121/1.421224
    • Ching, T. Y., Dillon, H., and Byrne, D. (1998). Speech recognition of hearing-impaired listeners: Predictions from audibility and the limited role of high-frequency amplification., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103, 1128-1140. 10.1121/1.421224
    • (1998) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.103 , pp. 1128-1140
    • Ching, T.Y.1    Dillon, H.2    Byrne, D.3
  • 7
    • 0035018549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximizing effective audibility in hearing aid fitting
    • 10.1097/00003446-200106000-00005
    • Ching, T. Y., Dillon, H., Katsch, R., and Byrne, D. (2001). Maximizing effective audibility in hearing aid fitting., Ear Hear 22, 212-224. 10.1097/00003446-200106000-00005
    • (2001) Ear Hear , vol.22 , pp. 212-224
    • Ching, T.Y.1    Dillon, H.2    Katsch, R.3    Byrne, D.4
  • 8
    • 0000014926 scopus 로고
    • On the statistics of spoken English
    • 10.1121/1.1918622
    • Denes, P. B. (1963). On the statistics of spoken English., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 35, 892-904. 10.1121/1.1918622
    • (1963) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.35 , pp. 892-904
    • Denes, P.B.1
  • 9
    • 0024576757 scopus 로고
    • Stop-consonant recognition for normal-hearing listeners and listeners with high-frequency hearing loss. II: Articulation index predictions
    • 10.1121/1.397687
    • Dubno, J. R., Dirks, D. D., and Schaefer, A. B. (1989). Stop-consonant recognition for normal-hearing listeners and listeners with high-frequency hearing loss. II: Articulation index predictions., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 355-364. 10.1121/1.397687
    • (1989) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.85 , pp. 355-364
    • Dubno, J.R.1    Dirks, D.D.2    Schaefer, A.B.3
  • 10
    • 0023904763 scopus 로고
    • Frequency importance functions for a feature recognition test material
    • 10.1121/1.396316
    • Duggirala, V., Studebaker, G. A., Pavlovic, C. V., and Sherbecoe, R. L. (1988). Frequency importance functions for a feature recognition test material., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83, 2372-2382. 10.1121/1.396316
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.83 , pp. 2372-2382
    • Duggirala, V.1    Studebaker, G.A.2    Pavlovic, C.V.3    Sherbecoe, R.L.4
  • 11
    • 2142713038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction between vocabulary size and phonotactic probability effects on children's production accuracy and fluency in nonword repetition
    • 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/034)
    • Edwards, J., Beckman, M. E., and Munson, B. (2004). The interaction between vocabulary size and phonotactic probability effects on children's production accuracy and fluency in nonword repetition., J. Speech Hear. Res. 47, 421-436. 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/034)
    • (2004) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.47 , pp. 421-436
    • Edwards, J.1    Beckman, M.E.2    Munson, B.3
  • 12
    • 0034067173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech recognition with reduced spectral cues as a function of age
    • 10.1121/1.428656
    • Eisenberg, L. S., Shannon, R. V., Martinez, A. S., Wygonski, J., and Boothroyd, A. (2000). Speech recognition with reduced spectral cues as a function of age., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 107, 2704-2710. 10.1121/1.428656
    • (2000) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.107 , pp. 2704-2710
    • Eisenberg, L.S.1    Shannon, R.V.2    Martinez, A.S.3    Wygonski, J.4    Boothroyd, A.5
  • 13
    • 0018630122 scopus 로고
    • Performance of children aged 9 to 17 years on a test of speech intelligibility in noise using sentence material with controlled word predictability
    • 10.1121/1.383691
    • Elliott, L. L. (1979). Performance of children aged 9 to 17 years on a test of speech intelligibility in noise using sentence material with controlled word predictability., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 651-653. 10.1121/1.383691
    • (1979) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.66 , pp. 651-653
    • Elliott, L.L.1
  • 14
    • 84955027574 scopus 로고
    • The perception of speech and its relation to telephony
    • 10.1121/1.1906605
    • Fletcher, H., and Galt, R. H. (1950). The perception of speech and its relation to telephony., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22, 89-151. 10.1121/1.1906605
    • (1950) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.22 , pp. 89-151
    • Fletcher, H.1    Galt, R.H.2
  • 15
    • 84953657538 scopus 로고
    • Factors governing the intelligibilty of speech sounds
    • 10.1121/1.1916407
    • French, N. R., and Steinberg, J. C. (1947). Factors governing the intelligibilty of speech sounds., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 19, 90-119. 10.1121/1.1916407
    • (1947) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.19 , pp. 90-119
    • French, N.R.1    Steinberg, J.C.2
  • 16
    • 33846783682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonword repetition and word learning: The nature of the relationship
    • Gathercole, S. E. (2006). Nonword repetition and word learning: The nature of the relationship., App. Psycholinguistics. 27, 513-543.
    • (2006) App. Psycholinguistics. , vol.27 , pp. 513-543
    • Gathercole, S.E.1
  • 17
    • 78650302471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sentence perception in listening conditions having similar speech intelligibility indices
    • 10.3109/14992027.2010.521198
    • Gustafson, S. J., and Pittman, A. L. (2011). Sentence perception in listening conditions having similar speech intelligibility indices., Int. J. Audiol. 50, 34-40. 10.3109/14992027.2010.521198
    • (2011) Int. J. Audiol. , vol.50 , pp. 34-40
    • Gustafson, S.J.1    Pittman, A.L.2
  • 18
    • 0031940134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes on a children's test of sensory-level speech perception capacity
    • Hnath-Chisolm, T. E., Laipply, E., and Boothroyd, A. (1998). Age-related changes on a children's test of sensory-level speech perception capacity., J. Speech Hear. Res. 41, 94-106.
    • (1998) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.41 , pp. 94-106
    • Hnath-Chisolm, T.E.1    Laipply, E.2    Boothroyd, A.3
  • 19
    • 0036711801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors underlying the speech-recognition performance of elderly hearing-aid wearers
    • 10.1121/1.1499132
    • Humes, L. E. (2002). Factors underlying the speech-recognition performance of elderly hearing-aid wearers., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 1112-1132. 10.1121/1.1499132
    • (2002) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.112 , pp. 1112-1132
    • Humes, L.E.1
  • 20
    • 0034133697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's phoneme identification in reverberation and noise
    • Johnson, C. E. (2000). Children's phoneme identification in reverberation and noise., J. Speech Hear. Res. 43, 144-157.
    • (2000) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 144-157
    • Johnson, C.E.1
  • 21
    • 0034200921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bandwidth effects on children's perception of the inflectional morpheme s: Acoustical measurements, auditory detection, and clarity rating
    • Kortekaas, R. W., and Stelmachowicz, P. G. (2000). Bandwidth effects on children's perception of the inflectional morpheme s: Acoustical measurements, auditory detection, and clarity rating., J. Speech Hear. Res. 43, 645-660.
    • (2000) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 645-660
    • Kortekaas, R.W.1    Stelmachowicz, P.G.2
  • 22
    • 75149156184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance-intensity functions for normal-hearing adults and children using computer-aided speech perception assessment
    • 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181bc7702
    • McCreery, R., Ito, R., Spratford, M., Lewis, D., Hoover, B., and Stelmachowicz, P. G. (2010). Performance-intensity functions for normal-hearing adults and children using computer-aided speech perception assessment., Ear Hear 31, 95-101. 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181bc7702
    • (2010) Ear Hear , vol.31 , pp. 95-101
    • McCreery, R.1    Ito, R.2    Spratford, M.3    Lewis, D.4    Hoover, B.5    Stelmachowicz, P.G.6
  • 23
    • 84955023511 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of perceptual confusions among some English consonants
    • 10.1121/1.1907526
    • Miller, G. A., and Nicely, P. E. (1955). An analysis of perceptual confusions among some English consonants., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 27, 338-352. 10.1121/1.1907526
    • (1955) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.27 , pp. 338-352
    • Miller, G.A.1    Nicely, P.E.2
  • 24
    • 75149194862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral integration and bandwidth effects on speech recognition in school-aged children and adults
    • 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181ba746b
    • Mlot, S., Buss, E., and Hall, J. W., (2010). Spectral integration and bandwidth effects on speech recognition in school-aged children and adults., Ear Hear 31, 56-62. 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181ba746b
    • (2010) Ear Hear , vol.31 , pp. 56-62
    • Mlot, S.1    Buss, E.2    Hall, J.W.3
  • 25
    • 60849113461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectro-temporal characteristics of speech at high frequencies, and the potential for restoration of audibility to people with mild-to-moderate hearing loss
    • 10.1097/AUD.0b013e31818246f6
    • Moore, B. C. J., Stone, M. a, Fllgrabe, C., Glasberg, B. R., and Puria, S. (2008). Spectro-temporal characteristics of speech at high frequencies, and the potential for restoration of audibility to people with mild-to-moderate hearing loss., Ear Hear 29, 907-922. 10.1097/AUD.0b013e31818246f6
    • (2008) Ear Hear , vol.29 , pp. 907-922
    • Moore, B.C.J.1    Stone, M.A.2    Fllgrabe, C.3    Glasberg, B.R.4    Puria, S.5
  • 26
    • 31944433221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of vocabulary size, phonotactic probability, and wordlikeness on nonword repetitions of children with and without specific language impairment
    • 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/072)
    • Munson, B., Kurtz, B. A., and Windsor, J. (2005). The influence of vocabulary size, phonotactic probability, and wordlikeness on nonword repetitions of children with and without specific language impairment., J. Speech Hear. Res. 48, 1033-1047. 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/072)
    • (2005) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.48 , pp. 1033-1047
    • Munson, B.1    Kurtz, B.A.2    Windsor, J.3
  • 27
    • 0020325263 scopus 로고
    • Monaural and binaural speech perception in reverberation for listeners of various ages
    • 10.1121/1.387773
    • Nabelek, A. K., and Robinson, P. K. (1982). Monaural and binaural speech perception in reverberation for listeners of various ages., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 71, 1242-1248. 10.1121/1.387773
    • (1982) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.71 , pp. 1242-1248
    • Nabelek, A.K.1    Robinson, P.K.2
  • 28
    • 77951977960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effects of noise and reverberation on speech recognition performance of normal-hearing children and adults
    • 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181d3d514
    • Neuman, A. C., Wroblewski, M., Hajicek, J., and Rubinstein, A. (2010). Combined effects of noise and reverberation on speech recognition performance of normal-hearing children and adults., Ear Hear 31, 336-344. 10.1097/AUD. 0b013e3181d3d514
    • (2010) Ear Hear , vol.31 , pp. 336-344
    • Neuman, A.C.1    Wroblewski, M.2    Hajicek, J.3    Rubinstein, A.4
  • 29
    • 77956242047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's recognition of American English consonants in noise
    • 10.1121/1.3377080
    • Nishi, K., Lewis, D. E., Hoover, B. M., Choi, S., and Stelmachowicz, P. G. (2010). Children's recognition of American English consonants in noise., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 127, 3177-3188. 10.1121/1.3377080
    • (2010) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.127 , pp. 3177-3188
    • Nishi, K.1    Lewis, D.E.2    Hoover, B.M.3    Choi, S.4    Stelmachowicz, P.G.5
  • 30
    • 0025033422 scopus 로고
    • Context effects in phoneme and word recognition by young children and older adults
    • 10.1121/1.399061
    • Nittrouer, S., and Boothroyd, A. (1990). Context effects in phoneme and word recognition by young children and older adults., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87, 2705-2715. 10.1121/1.399061
    • (1990) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.87 , pp. 2705-2715
    • Nittrouer, S.1    Boothroyd, A.2
  • 31
    • 0023390033 scopus 로고
    • Derivation of primary parameters and procedures for use in speech intelligibility predictions
    • 10.1121/1.395442
    • Pavlovic, C. V. (1987). Derivation of primary parameters and procedures for use in speech intelligibility predictions., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82, 413-422. 10.1121/1.395442
    • (1987) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.82 , pp. 413-422
    • Pavlovic, C.V.1
  • 32
    • 46949094662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term word-learning rate in children with normal hearing and children with hearing loss in limited and extended high-frequency bandwidths
    • 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/056)
    • Pittman, A. L. (2008). Short-term word-learning rate in children with normal hearing and children with hearing loss in limited and extended high-frequency bandwidths., J. Speech Hear. Res. 51, 785-797. 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/056)
    • (2008) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.51 , pp. 785-797
    • Pittman, A.L.1
  • 33
    • 0004193486 scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA)
    • Reynolds, H. T. (1984) Analysis of Nominal Data, 2nd ed. (Sage, Beverly Hills, CA), pp. 22-88.
    • (1984) Analysis of Nominal Data , pp. 22-88
    • Reynolds, H.T.1
  • 34
    • 54049088971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's speech recognition scores: The speech intelligibility index and proficiency factors for age and hearing level
    • 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181734a02
    • Scollie, S. D. (2008). Children's speech recognition scores: The speech intelligibility index and proficiency factors for age and hearing level., Ear Hear 29, 543-556. 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181734a02
    • (2008) Ear Hear , vol.29 , pp. 543-556
    • Scollie, S.D.1
  • 35
    • 31144440192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Desired Sensation Level method for pediatric hearing instrument fitting: Historical perspective and current issues
    • 10.1177/108471380500900402
    • Seewald, R., Moodie, S., Scollie, S., and Bagatto, M. (2005). The Desired Sensation Level method for pediatric hearing instrument fitting: Historical perspective and current issues., Trends Amplif. 9, 145-157. 10.1177/ 108471380500900402
    • (2005) Trends Amplif. , vol.9 , pp. 145-157
    • Seewald, R.1    Moodie, S.2    Scollie, S.3    Bagatto, M.4
  • 36
    • 0034252733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between stimulus context, speech audibility, and perception for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children
    • Stelmachowicz, P. G., Hoover, B. M., Lewis, D. E., Kortekaas, R. W., and Pittman, A. L. (2000). The relation between stimulus context, speech audibility, and perception for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children., J. Speech Hear. Res. 43, 902-914.
    • (2000) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 902-914
    • Stelmachowicz, P.G.1    Hoover, B.M.2    Lewis, D.E.3    Kortekaas, R.W.4    Pittman, A.L.5
  • 37
    • 0034794005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of stimulus bandwidth on the perception of s in normal- and hearing-impaired children and adults
    • 10.1121/1.1400757
    • Stelmachowicz, P. G., Pittman, A. L., Hoover, B. M., and Lewis, D. E. (2001). Effect of stimulus bandwidth on the perception of s in normal- and hearing-impaired children and adults., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 2183-2190. 10.1121/1.1400757
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.110 , pp. 2183-2190
    • Stelmachowicz, P.G.1    Pittman, A.L.2    Hoover, B.M.3    Lewis, D.E.4
  • 38
    • 2342603018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of high-frequency audibility in the speech and language development of children with hearing loss
    • 10.1001/archotol.130.5.556
    • Stelmachowicz, P. G., Pittman, A. L., Hoover, B. M., Lewis, D. E., and Moeller, M. P. (2004). The importance of high-frequency audibility in the speech and language development of children with hearing loss., Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 130, 556-562. 10.1001/archotol.130.5.556
    • (2004) Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. , vol.130 , pp. 556-562
    • Stelmachowicz, P.G.1    Pittman, A.L.2    Hoover, B.M.3    Lewis, D.E.4    Moeller, M.P.5
  • 39
    • 77955375988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An online calculator to compute phonotactic probability and neighborhood density on the basis of child corpora of spoken American English
    • 10.3758/BRM.42.2.497
    • Storkel, H. L., and Hoover, J. R. (2010). An online calculator to compute phonotactic probability and neighborhood density on the basis of child corpora of spoken American English., Behav. Res. Methods 42, 497-506. 10.3758/BRM.42.2.497
    • (2010) Behav. Res. Methods , vol.42 , pp. 497-506
    • Storkel, H.L.1    Hoover, J.R.2
  • 40
    • 0032187274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual assimilation of American English vowels by Japanese listeners
    • 10.1006/jpho.1998.0078
    • Strange, W., Akahane-Yamada, R., Kubo, R., Trent, S. A., Nishi, K., and Jenkins, J. J. (1998). Perceptual assimilation of American English vowels by Japanese listeners., J. Phonetics 26, 311-344. 10.1006/jpho.1998.0078
    • (1998) J. Phonetics , vol.26 , pp. 311-344
    • Strange, W.1    Akahane-Yamada, R.2    Kubo, R.3    Trent, S.A.4    Nishi, K.5    Jenkins, J.J.6
  • 41
    • 0035067139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of consonantal context on perceptual assimilation of American English vowels by Japanese listeners
    • 10.1121/1.1353594
    • Strange, W., Akahane-Yamada, R., Kubo, R., Trent, S. A., and Nishi, K. (2001). Effects of consonantal context on perceptual assimilation of American English vowels by Japanese listeners., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 1691-1704. 10.1121/1.1353594
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.109 , pp. 1691-1704
    • Strange, W.1    Akahane-Yamada, R.2    Kubo, R.3    Trent, S.A.4    Nishi, K.5
  • 42
    • 0022118936 scopus 로고
    • A rationalized' arcsine transform
    • Studebaker, G. A. (1985). A rationalized' arcsine transform., J. Speech Hear. Res. 28, 455-462.
    • (1985) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 455-462
    • Studebaker, G.A.1
  • 43
    • 0023321564 scopus 로고
    • A frequency importance function for continuous discourse
    • 10.1121/1.394633
    • Studebaker, G. A., Pavlovic, C. V., and Sherbecoe, R. L. (1987). A frequency importance function for continuous discourse., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81, 1130-1138. 10.1121/1.394633
    • (1987) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.81 , pp. 1130-1138
    • Studebaker, G.A.1    Pavlovic, C.V.2    Sherbecoe, R.L.3
  • 44
    • 0025882002 scopus 로고
    • Frequency-importance and transfer functions for recorded CID W-22 word lists
    • Studebaker, G. A., and Sherbecoe, R. L. (1991). Frequency-importance and transfer functions for recorded CID W-22 word lists., J. Speech Hear. Res. 34, 427-438.
    • (1991) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 427-438
    • Studebaker, G.A.1    Sherbecoe, R.L.2
  • 45
    • 0036194118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity-importance functions for bandlimited monosyllabic words
    • 10.1121/1.1445788
    • Studebaker, G. A., and Sherbecoe, R. L. (2002). Intensity-importance functions for bandlimited monosyllabic words., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 111, 1422-1436. 10.1121/1.1445788
    • (2002) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.111 , pp. 1422-1436
    • Studebaker, G.A.1    Sherbecoe, R.L.2
  • 46
    • 0027282734 scopus 로고
    • Frequency-importance and transfer functions for the Auditec of St. Louis recordings of the NU-6 word test
    • Studebaker, G. A., Sherbecoe, R. L., and Gilmore, C. (1993). Frequency-importance and transfer functions for the Auditec of St. Louis recordings of the NU-6 word test., J. Speech Hear. Res. 36, 799-807.
    • (1993) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.36 , pp. 799-807
    • Studebaker, G.A.1    Sherbecoe, R.L.2    Gilmore, C.3
  • 47
    • 77951596770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. (Pearson, Minneapolis, MN)
    • Williams, K. T. (2007). Expressive Vocabulary Test, 2nd ed. (Pearson, Minneapolis, MN), pp. 1-225.
    • (2007) Expressive Vocabulary Test , pp. 1-225
    • Williams, K.T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.