State of the Art: Treatment of Bipolar Disorders

CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 214-218

  Severus, Emanuel ^a   Schaaff, Nadine ^a   Möller, Hans Jürgen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Bipolar disorders; Evidence based medicine; Mood stabilizers; Neuropsychopharmacology

Indexed keywords

ARIPIPRAZOLE; FLUOXETINE PLUS OLANZAPINE; LAMOTRIGINE; LITHIUM; OLANZAPINE; PAROXETINE; QUETIAPINE; VALPROIC ACID;

BIPOLAR I DISORDER; DEPRESSION; DRUG EFFICACY; GOLD STANDARD; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MANIA; MEDLINE; MONOTHERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANTIMANIC AGENTS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; BIPOLAR DISORDER; HUMANS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84858286362     PISSN: 17555930     EISSN: 17555949     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2011.00258.x     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Ketter TA. Diagnostic features, prevalence, and impact of bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71:e14.
2. Tohen M, Frank E, Bowden CL, et al. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Task Force report on the nomenclature of course and outcome in bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 2009;11:453-473.
3. Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, McElroy SL, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex Maintenance Study Group. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000;57:481-489.
4. Gyulai L, Bowden CL, McElroy SL, et al. Maintenance efficacy of divalproex in the prevention of bipolar depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28:1374-1382.
5. Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, Sachs G, et al. A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently manic or hypomanic patients with bipolar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:392-400.
6. Calabrese JR, Bowden CL, Sachs G, et al. A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently depressed patients with bipolar I disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:1013-1024.
7. Tohen M, Calabrese JR, Sachs GS, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine as maintenance therapy in patients with bipolar I disorder responding to acute treatment with olanzapine. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163:247-256.
8. Keck PE, Jr., Calabrese JR, McQuade RD, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 26-week trial of aripiprazole in recently manic patients with bipolar I disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67:626-637.
9. Keck PE, Jr., Calabrese JR, McIntyre RS, et al. Aripiprazole monotherapy for maintenance therapy in bipolar I disorder: A 100-week, double-blind study versus placebo. J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68:1480-1491.
10. Vieta E, Suppes T, Eggens I, Persson I, Paulsson B, Brecher M. Efficacy and safety of quetiapine in combination with lithium or divalproex for maintenance of patients with bipolar I disorder (international trial 126). J Affect Disord 2008;109:251-263.
11. Suppes T, Vieta E, Liu S, Brecher M, Paulsson B. Maintenance treatment for patients with bipolar I disorder: Results from a north american study of quetiapine in combination with lithium or divalproex (trial 127). Am J Psychiatry 2009;166:476-488.
12. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision). Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1-50.
13. Keck PE, Jr., Marcus R, Tourkodimitris S, et al. A placebo-controlled, double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole in patients with acute bipolar mania. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:1651-1658.
14. Sachs G, Sanchez R, Marcus R, et al. Aripiprazole in the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes in patients with bipolar I disorder: A 3-week placebo-controlled study. J Psychopharmacol 2006;20:536-546.
15. Macritchie K, Geddes JR, Scott J, Haslam D, de Lima M, Goodwin G. Valproate for acute mood episodes in bipolar disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;CD004052. doi:.
16. Rendell JM, Gijsman HJ, Keck P, Goodwin GM, Geddes JR. Olanzapine alone or in combination for acute mania. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;CD004040. doi:.
17. Calabrese JR, Huffman RF, White RL, et al. Lamotrigine in the acute treatment of bipolar depression: Results of five double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Bipolar Disord 2008;10:323-333.
18. Geddes JR, Calabrese JR, Goodwin GM. Lamotrigine for treatment of bipolar depression: Independent meta-analysis and meta-regression of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Br J Psychiatry 2009;194:4-9.
19. Dando TM, Keating GM. Quetiapine: A review of its use in acute mania and depression associated with bipolar disorder. Drugs 2005;65:2533-2551.
20. Moller HJ. Is lithium sill the gold standard in the treatment of bipolar disorders? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003;253:113-114.
21. Geddes JR, Burgess S, Hawton K, Jamison K, Goodwin GM. Long-term lithium therapy for bipolar disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:217-222.
22. Geddes JR, Goodwin GM, Rendell J, et al. Lithium plus valproate combination therapy versus monotherapy for relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder (BALANCE): A randomised open-label trial. Lancet 2010;375:385-395.
23. Licht RW, Nielsen JN, Gram LF, Vestergaard P, Bendz H. Lamotrigine versus lithium as maintenance treatment in bipolar I disorder: An open, randomized effectiveness study mimicking clinical practice. The 6 trial of the Danish University Antidepressant Group (DUAG-6). Bipolar Disord 2010;12:483-493.
24. Tohen M, Greil W, Calabrese JR, et al. Olanzapine versus lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder: A 12-month, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:1281-1290.
25. Severus WE, Lipkovich IA, Licht RW, et al. In search of optimal lithium levels and olanzapine doses in the long-term treatment of bipolar I disorder. A post-hoc analysis of the maintenance study by Tohen et al. 2005. Eur Psychiatry 2010; 25: 443-449.
26. Tohen M, Vieta E, Calabrese J, et al. Efficacy of olanzapine and olanzapine-fluoxetine combination in the treatment of bipolar I depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:1079-1088.
27. Sachs GS, Nierenberg AA, Calabrese JR, et al. Effectiveness of adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1711-1722.
28. McElroy SL, Weisler RH, Chang W, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and paroxetine as monotherapy in adults with bipolar depression (EMBOLDEN II). J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71:163-174.
29. Otto MW, Nierenberg AA. Assay sensitivity, failed clinical trials, and the conduct of science. Psychother Psychosom 2002;71:241-243.
30. Smith LA, Cornelius V, Warnock A, Bell A, Young AH. Effectiveness of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in the maintenance phase of bipolar disorder: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Bipolar Disord 2007;9:394-412.
31. Yatham LN, Kennedy SH, Schaffer A, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: Update 2009. Bipolar Disord 2009;11:225-255.
32. Grunze H, Vieta E, Goodwin GM, et al. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Biological Treatment of Bipolar Disorders: Update 2010 on the treatment of acute bipolar depression. World J Biol Psychiatry 2010;11:81-109.
33. Gijsman HJ, Geddes JR, Rendell JM, Nolen WA, Goodwin GM. Antidepressants for bipolar depression: A systematic review of randomized, controlled trials. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:1537-1547.
34. El-Mallakh RS. Adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression. N Engl J Med 2007;357:615-616.
35. Henry C, Demotes-Mainard J, Leboyer M. Adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression. N Engl J Med 2007;357:614-615.
36. Price LH, Tyrka AR. Adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression. N Engl J Med 2007;357:614-616.
37. Cohn JB, Collins G, Ashbrook E, Wernicke JF. A comparison of fluoxetine imipramine and placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1989;4:313-322.
38. Moller HJ, Bottlender R, Grunze H, Strauss A, Wittmann J. Are antidepressants less effective in the acute treatment of bipolar I compared to unipolar depression? J Affect Disord 2001;67:141-146.
39. Moller HJ, Grunze H. Have some guidelines for the treatment of acute bipolar depression gone too far in the restriction of antidepressants? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;250:57-68.
40. Moller HJ, Grunze H, Broich K. Do recent efficacy data on the drug treatment of acute bipolar depression support the position that drugs other than antidepressants are the treatment of choice? A conceptual review. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2006;256:1-16.
41. Benazzi F, Berk M, Frye MA, Wang W, Barraco A, Tohen M. Olanzapine/fluoxetine combination for the treatment of mixed depression in bipolar I disorder: A post hoc analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2009;70:1424-1431.
42. Bottlender R, Sato T, Kleindienst N, Strauss A, Moller HJ. Mixed depressive features predict maniform switch during treatment of depression in bipolar I disorder. J Affect Disord 2004;78:149-152.
43. Himmelhoch JM, Thase ME, Mallinger AG, Houck P. Tranylcypromine versus imipramine in anergic bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:910-916.
44. Nolen WA, Kupka RW, Hellemann G, et al. Tranylcypromine vs. lamotrigine in the treatment of refractory bipolar depression: A failed but clinically useful study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007;115:360-365.
45. Rendell JM, Licht RW. Under-recruitment of patients for clinical trials: An illustrative example of a failed study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007;115:337-339.
46. Leverich GS, Altshuler LL, Frye MA, et al. Risk of switch in mood polarity to hypomania or mania in patients with bipolar depression during acute and continuation trials of venlafaxine, sertraline, and bupropion as adjuncts to mood stabilizers. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:232-239.
47. Post RM, Altshuler LL, Leverich GS, et al. Mood switch in bipolar depression: Comparison of adjunctive venlafaxine, bupropion and sertraline. Br J Psychiatry 2006;189:124-131.
48. Licht RW, Gijsman H, Nolen WA, Angst J. Are antidepressants safe in the treatment of bipolar depression? A critical evaluation of their potential risk to induce switch into mania or cycle acceleration. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2008;118:337-346.
49. Ghaemi SN, Ostacher MM, El-Mallakh RS, et al. Antidepressant discontinuation in bipolar depression: A Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD) randomized clinical trial of long-term effectiveness and safety. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71:372-380.
50. Gao K, Kemp DE, Ganocy SJ, Gajwani P, Xia G, Calabrese JR. Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal side effects in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: A systematic review. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2008;28:203-209.
51. Brumback BA, Hernan MA, Haneuse SJ, Robins JM. Sensitivity analyses for unmeasured confounding assuming a marginal structural model for repeated measures. Stat Med 2004;23:749-767.
52. Petersen ML, Wang Y, Van Der Laan MJ, Bangsberg DR. Assessing the effectiveness of antiretroviral adherence interventions. Using marginal structural models to replicate the findings of randomized controlled trials. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;43(Suppl 1):S96-S103.
53. Robins JM, Hernan MA, Brumback B. Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology 2000;11:550-560.